{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2562223339","doi":null,"title":"\"Brown\" at 50: King's Dream or \"Plessy's\" Nightmare?.","display_name":"\"Brown\" at 50: King's Dream or \"Plessy's\" Nightmare?.","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2562223339","mag":"2562223339"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2562223339","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED489168.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060120465","display_name":"Gary Orfield","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Orfield","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015146727","display_name":"Chungmei Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chungmei Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":48.9434,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":150,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99870133,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14288","display_name":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","score":0.007600000128149986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13170","display_name":"Discrimination and Equality Law","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brown-v-board-of-education","display_name":"Brown v. Board of Education","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-segregation","display_name":"school segregation","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/desegregation","display_name":"desegregation","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plessy-v-ferguson","display_name":"Plessy v. Ferguson","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equal-protection","display_name":"equal protection","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-rights","display_name":"civil rights","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/50th-anniversary","display_name":"50th anniversary","score":0.6579999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777992674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192692","display_name":"Nightmare","level":2,"score":0.9060269594192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781095916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36348","display_name":"Dream","level":2,"score":0.7918427586555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.34412696957588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1839110255241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.07202082872390747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2562223339","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED489168.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W100483938","https://openalex.org/W2775462878","https://openalex.org/W622885032","https://openalex.org/W2600578832","https://openalex.org/W2578642920","https://openalex.org/W2346708167","https://openalex.org/W220193994","https://openalex.org/W2011367861","https://openalex.org/W4231940714","https://openalex.org/W593752402"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-01-06T00:00:00"}
