{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2562018595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","title":"Estimating the global burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among prevalent cases of tuberculosis","display_name":"Estimating the global burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among prevalent cases of tuberculosis","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2562018595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","mag":"2562018595","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28157458","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5381649"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124285728","display_name":"The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issn_l":"1027-3719","issn":["1027-3719","1815-7920","1815-8439"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319960","host_organization_name":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319960"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5381649","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098125836","display_name":"S. Nourzad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802928900","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Nourzad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060308139","display_name":"Helen Elizabeth Jenkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4749-1591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4749-1591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. E. Jenkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046","https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110097668","display_name":"Meredith B. Milstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Milstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Bouv\ufffd College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Bouv\ufffd College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052396258","display_name":"Carole Diane Mitnick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3455-658X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3455-658X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129364015","display_name":"Partners In Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05tsvnv68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129364015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. D. Mitnick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Partners In Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Partners In Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I129364015","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1527,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87428788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"6","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13586","display_name":"HIV, TB, and STIs Epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis","display_name":"multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-burden-of-disease","display_name":"global burden of disease","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undiagnosed-tuberculosis","display_name":"undiagnosed tuberculosis","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-transmission","display_name":"tuberculosis transmission","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-elimination","display_name":"tuberculosis elimination","score":0.4449999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9484348893165588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.8642597198486328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6365179419517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.6002487540245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020448403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282120","display_name":"Burden of disease","level":3,"score":0.5700740218162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780664029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282120","display_name":"Disease burden","level":3,"score":0.4800761342048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133936738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643839","display_name":"Multiple drug resistance","level":3,"score":0.42934104800224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4121095836162567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.37016957998275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.33157169818878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3275408148765564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114851261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147416","display_name":"Drug resistance","level":2,"score":0.275043785572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10983127355575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000995","descriptor_name":"Antitubercular Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014943","descriptor_name":"Global Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017281","descriptor_name":"Cost of Illness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018088","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018088","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018088","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.16.0110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124285728","display_name":"The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","issn_l":"1027-3719","issn":["1027-3719","1815-7920","1815-8439"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319960","host_organization_name":"International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319960"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28157458","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28157458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5381649","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5381649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5381649","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5381649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7900000214576721}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5702222684","display_name":"Understanding spatial heterogeneity of drug resistant tuberculosis","funder_award_id":"K01AI102944","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49728287","https://openalex.org/W1276719723","https://openalex.org/W1583194023","https://openalex.org/W1636667204","https://openalex.org/W1820342512","https://openalex.org/W2078551755","https://openalex.org/W2086645856","https://openalex.org/W2087764010","https://openalex.org/W2088454492","https://openalex.org/W2088594133","https://openalex.org/W2090076847","https://openalex.org/W2104106999","https://openalex.org/W2109055318","https://openalex.org/W2121562380","https://openalex.org/W2140564701","https://openalex.org/W2164144488","https://openalex.org/W2168509294","https://openalex.org/W2269421314","https://openalex.org/W2273963851","https://openalex.org/W2323713753","https://openalex.org/W2405973106","https://openalex.org/W4210699850"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169423236","https://openalex.org/W2157196779","https://openalex.org/W7097044760","https://openalex.org/W2571027107","https://openalex.org/W2956144804","https://openalex.org/W4360596746","https://openalex.org/W2963713310","https://openalex.org/W1276719723","https://openalex.org/W2164144488","https://openalex.org/W2410441973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Estimates":[1,141],"of":[2,19,111,118,133,146,152,186,207],"the":[3,40,92,103,172,208],"multidrug-resistant":[4],"tuberculosis":[5],"(MDR-TB)":[6],"burden":[7,42,188],"are":[8],"based":[9,142],"on":[10,143,199],"incomplete,":[11],"infrequently":[12],"updated":[13],"data":[14,31],"among":[15,43,52,96,106,114,120,177],"a":[16,149,183,203],"limited":[17],"pool":[18],"notified":[20,55,97],"or":[21,196],"incident":[22,53,107],"pulmonary":[23],"TB":[24,45,56,68,163,181],"cases.":[25,108],"METHODS:":[26],"Using":[27],"World":[28],"Health":[29],"Organization":[30],"reported":[32,191],"by":[33,202],"217":[34],"countries/territories":[35],"in":[36,71,159],"2014,":[37,72],"we":[38,73],"calculated":[39],"MDR-TB":[41,84,112,119,126,134,147,176],"prevalent":[44,67,162,180],"cases":[46,85,113,135,145],"and":[47,54,99,155],"compared":[48,60],"these":[49],"with":[50,179],"estimates":[51],"patients.":[57,164],"We":[58],"also":[59],"treatment":[61],"coverage":[62],"across":[63],"estimates.":[64],"RESULTS:":[65],"Among":[66],"patients":[69,122,178],"worldwide":[70],"estimate":[74],"that":[75,157],"555":[76],"545":[77],"(95%":[78],"credible":[79],"bounds":[80],"499":[81],"340-617":[82],"391)":[83],"occurred.":[86],"This":[87],"is":[88],"85%":[89],"more":[90,101,204],"than":[91,102,189],"300":[93],"000":[94,105],"estimated":[95],"cases,":[98],"16%":[100],"480":[104],"Only":[109],"20%":[110],"prevalent-compared":[115],"to":[116,125],"37%":[117],"notified-TB":[121],"had":[123],"access":[124],"treatment.":[127],"Applying":[128],"prior":[129],"estimates,":[130],"only":[131],"10%":[132],"will":[136],"have":[137],"successful":[138],"outcomes.":[139],"CONCLUSION:":[140],"likely-to-be-diagnosed":[144],"overlook":[148],"significant":[150],"proportion":[151],"morbidity,":[153],"mortality,":[154],"transmission":[156],"occur":[158],"undiagnosed,":[160],"untreated,":[161],"Even":[165],"though":[166],"it":[167],"may":[168],"still":[169],"likely":[170],"underestimate":[171],"true":[173],"disease":[174,187,209],"burden,":[175],"represents":[182],"closer":[184],"approximation":[185],"currently":[190],"indicators.":[192],"Progress":[193],"toward":[194],"elimination":[195],"control":[197],"depends":[198],"policies":[200],"guided":[201],"complete":[205],"representation":[206],"burden.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2017-01-06T00:00:00"}
