{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2561610056","doi":null,"title":"Mapping and manipulating optoelectronic processes in emerging photovoltaic materials","display_name":"Mapping and manipulating optoelectronic processes in emerging photovoltaic materials","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2561610056","mag":"2561610056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt5kb5v0r7","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068797643","display_name":"Sibel Y. Leblebici","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-5393","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-5393"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sibel Y. Leblebici","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-5393","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068797643"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10611","display_name":"Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10247","display_name":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-solar-cells","display_name":"organic solar cells","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-inorganic-hybrid-perovskites","display_name":"organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exciton-binding-energy","display_name":"exciton binding energy","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frenkel-excitons","display_name":"Frenkel excitons","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-transfer-excitons","display_name":"charge-transfer excitons","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-fullerene-bulk-heterojunction","display_name":"polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylammonium-lead-iodide","display_name":"methylammonium lead iodide","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoconductive-atomic-force-microscopy","display_name":"photoconductive atomic force microscopy","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trap-states","display_name":"trap states","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thin-film-solar-cells","display_name":"thin-film solar cells","score":0.6129999756813049}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.682458221912384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.6640483736991882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91614233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472888","display_name":"Organic solar cell","level":3,"score":0.640912652015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.6336137056350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.6186782717704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94003879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1933714","display_name":"Organic semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.573504626750946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780824857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58803","display_name":"Solar cell","level":2,"score":0.557120680809021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155011858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3036449","display_name":"Perovskite (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5561978220939636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58842153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3664274","display_name":"Hybrid solar cell","level":4,"score":0.5529796481132507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108225325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456","display_name":"Semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.5414313077926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542589376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192127","display_name":"Photovoltaics","level":3,"score":0.48979854583740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17729963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858289","display_name":"Exciton","level":2,"score":0.47888845205307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4529617428779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.43682801723480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66187686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472888","display_name":"Polymer solar cell","level":3,"score":0.43442028760910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.24771079421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.14423373341560364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12802454829216003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08144325017929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0720844566822052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt5kb5v0r7","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},{"id":"pmh:qt5kb5v0r7","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","pdf_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Leblebici, Sibel. (2016). Mapping and manipulating optoelectronic processes in emerging photovoltaic materials. UC Berkeley: Materials Science &amp; Engineering. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","raw_type":"dissertation"},{"id":"mag:2561610056","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt5kb5v0r7/qt5kb5v0r7.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt5kb5v0r7","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5kb5v0r7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2561610056.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2561610056.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":278,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W585879102","https://openalex.org/W626572034","https://openalex.org/W773815729","https://openalex.org/W1026348989","https://openalex.org/W1197357040","https://openalex.org/W1539418180","https://openalex.org/W1553661931","https://openalex.org/W1624788813","https://openalex.org/W1627532709","https://openalex.org/W1654478697","https://openalex.org/W1670826031","https://openalex.org/W1813223549","https://openalex.org/W1893111728","https://openalex.org/W1912455695","https://openalex.org/W1916611353","https://openalex.org/W1963898890","https://openalex.org/W1965253745","https://openalex.org/W1965464747","https://openalex.org/W1967710197","https://openalex.org/W1968068222","https://openalex.org/W1968213246","https://openalex.org/W1969502217","https://openalex.org/W1969582291","https://openalex.org/W1970127494","https://openalex.org/W1970810735","https://openalex.org/W1971024117","https://openalex.org/W1973704897","https://openalex.org/W1975441946","https://openalex.org/W1975447721","https://openalex.org/W1975989065","https://openalex.org/W1976103434","https://openalex.org/W1979162682","https://openalex.org/W1979571930","https://openalex.org/W1980095545","https://openalex.org/W1981368803","https://openalex.org/W1981925230","https://openalex.org/W1983507278","https://openalex.org/W1986919663","https://openalex.org/W1987027300","https://openalex.org/W1987606475","https://openalex.org/W1988876755","https://openalex.org/W1989532458","https://openalex.org/W1990176076","https://openalex.org/W1990642244","https://openalex.org/W1991050792","https://openalex.org/W1991889838","https://openalex.org/W1992541814","https://openalex.org/W1993256284","https://openalex.org/W1997702076","https://openalex.org/W1998343415","https://openalex.org/W1999130196","https://openalex.org/W1999717631","https://openalex.org/W2002855192","https://openalex.org/W2003293032","https://openalex.org/W2003425594","https://openalex.org/W2003547096","https://openalex.org/W2004284443","https://openalex.org/W2004436769","https://openalex.org/W2005101538","https://openalex.org/W2005949326","https://openalex.org/W2006304022","https://openalex.org/W2006619554","https://openalex.org/W2011184332","https://openalex.org/W2011292091","https://openalex.org/W2011534234","https://openalex.org/W2013500909","https://openalex.org/W2014071478","https://openalex.org/W2014548503","https://openalex.org/W2015159529","https://openalex.org/W2015240500","https://openalex.org/W2015376344","https://openalex.org/W2016088184","https://openalex.org/W2016564617","https://openalex.org/W2017129882","https://openalex.org/W2017331980","https://openalex.org/W2018233595","https://openalex.org/W2019862669","https://openalex.org/W2020344073","https://openalex.org/W2020725472","https://openalex.org/W2021404872","https://openalex.org/W2021420849","https://openalex.org/W2021618226","https://openalex.org/W2022794036","https://openalex.org/W2023949702","https://openalex.org/W2024954708","https://openalex.org/W2025031290","https://openalex.org/W2025037483","https://openalex.org/W2025043854","https://openalex.org/W2025344514","https://openalex.org/W2026841434","https://openalex.org/W2028229263","https://openalex.org/W2028262861","https://openalex.org/W2029637177","https://openalex.org/W2030106935","https://openalex.org/W2030281709","https://openalex.org/W2031200233","https://openalex.org/W2032089901","https://openalex.org/W2032215034","https://openalex.org/W2032299526","https://openalex.org/W2032682648","https://openalex.org/W2034588787","https://openalex.org/W2037645711","https://openalex.org/W2038877847","https://openalex.org/W2039194884","https://openalex.org/W2042468043","https://openalex.org/W2044073391","https://openalex.org/W2044270989","https://openalex.org/W2048189914","https://openalex.org/W2049211637","https://openalex.org/W2049475575","https://openalex.org/W2049810094","https://openalex.org/W2050014254","https://openalex.org/W2050109021","https://openalex.org/W2050209996","https://openalex.org/W2050415692","https://openalex.org/W2051115528","https://openalex.org/W2051840604","https://openalex.org/W2052005018","https://openalex.org/W2052590748","https://openalex.org/W2052756665","https://openalex.org/W2053681993","https://openalex.org/W2054936780","https://openalex.org/W2055078277","https://openalex.org/W2055167314","https://openalex.org/W2055447630","https://openalex.org/W2055499045","https://openalex.org/W2056049299","https://openalex.org/W2056941140","https://openalex.org/W2057327293","https://openalex.org/W2057594988","https://openalex.org/W2059145624","https://openalex.org/W2059412749","https://openalex.org/W2062220875","https://openalex.org/W2063012292","https://openalex.org/W2063117218","https://openalex.org/W2063298828","https://openalex.org/W2063466293","https://openalex.org/W2066006791","https://openalex.org/W2066045774","https://openalex.org/W2067861671","https://openalex.org/W2069492492","https://openalex.org/W2069629112","https://openalex.org/W2070509990","https://openalex.org/W2071113615","https://openalex.org/W2071134066","https://openalex.org/W2071858454","https://openalex.org/W2073726416","https://openalex.org/W2073729681","https://openalex.org/W2074573245","https://openalex.org/W2074950413","https://openalex.org/W2075178966","https://openalex.org/W2075511306","https://openalex.org/W2076022050","https://openalex.org/W2078019609","https://openalex.org/W2081232414","https://openalex.org/W2081506514","https://openalex.org/W2081640113","https://openalex.org/W2081761083","https://openalex.org/W2081809275","https://openalex.org/W2081835379","https://openalex.org/W2081909864","https://openalex.org/W2082959166","https://openalex.org/W2083222334","https://openalex.org/W2083240826","https://openalex.org/W2083689629","https://openalex.org/W2084844327","https://openalex.org/W2084868936","https://openalex.org/W2086676867","https://openalex.org/W2087536963","https://openalex.org/W2087642091","https://openalex.org/W2087778250","https://openalex.org/W2088750456","https://openalex.org/W2091471276","https://openalex.org/W2091960457","https://openalex.org/W2092093114","https://openalex.org/W2092131169","https://openalex.org/W2092142406","https://openalex.org/W2093682821","https://openalex.org/W2093795971","https://openalex.org/W2097292371","https://openalex.org/W2098527861","https://openalex.org/W2098911987","https://openalex.org/W2100716359","https://openalex.org/W2101667326","https://openalex.org/W2102877958","https://openalex.org/W2108853737","https://openalex.org/W2109095228","https://openalex.org/W2111133456","https://openalex.org/W2112505255","https://openalex.org/W2113981935","https://openalex.org/W2114118829","https://openalex.org/W2114243652","https://openalex.org/W2116977056","https://openalex.org/W2117803068","https://openalex.org/W2118412746","https://openalex.org/W2123711607","https://openalex.org/W2125414328","https://openalex.org/W2125794096","https://openalex.org/W2126203214","https://openalex.org/W2128439642","https://openalex.org/W2129579572","https://openalex.org/W2129970907","https://openalex.org/W2133130045","https://openalex.org/W2134917423","https://openalex.org/W2135862842","https://openalex.org/W2136291721","https://openalex.org/W2136909426","https://openalex.org/W2137104090","https://openalex.org/W2137901878","https://openalex.org/W2139508932","https://openalex.org/W2140363832","https://openalex.org/W2140792555","https://openalex.org/W2141326037","https://openalex.org/W2141517543","https://openalex.org/W2143328297","https://openalex.org/W2143609065","https://openalex.org/W2144251237","https://openalex.org/W2144574847","https://openalex.org/W2144816398","https://openalex.org/W2145666004","https://openalex.org/W2146101168","https://openalex.org/W2147911866","https://openalex.org/W2150397710","https://openalex.org/W2150449965","https://openalex.org/W2155068326","https://openalex.org/W2160391726","https://openalex.org/W2160785667","https://openalex.org/W2161660804","https://openalex.org/W2162639308","https://openalex.org/W2163226755","https://openalex.org/W2165020157","https://openalex.org/W2166145023","https://openalex.org/W2167727671","https://openalex.org/W2169218660","https://openalex.org/W2169328609","https://openalex.org/W2169498876","https://openalex.org/W2171105325","https://openalex.org/W2171453757","https://openalex.org/W2174056229","https://openalex.org/W2190720298","https://openalex.org/W2198798440","https://openalex.org/W2234054032","https://openalex.org/W2257390989","https://openalex.org/W2264939720","https://openalex.org/W2270683730","https://openalex.org/W2294135683","https://openalex.org/W2312919397","https://openalex.org/W2313540142","https://openalex.org/W2314410635","https://openalex.org/W2314852583","https://openalex.org/W2315255899","https://openalex.org/W2316719674","https://openalex.org/W2317839036","https://openalex.org/W2319525002","https://openalex.org/W2322985165","https://openalex.org/W2324811969","https://openalex.org/W2324978604","https://openalex.org/W2325301495","https://openalex.org/W2326005677","https://openalex.org/W2326085952","https://openalex.org/W2326153566","https://openalex.org/W2326957052","https://openalex.org/W2327320933","https://openalex.org/W2327499546","https://openalex.org/W2329150779","https://openalex.org/W2329908301","https://openalex.org/W2331108250","https://openalex.org/W2332869417","https://openalex.org/W2333145971","https://openalex.org/W2333645848","https://openalex.org/W2334658948","https://openalex.org/W2338745093","https://openalex.org/W2415387139","https://openalex.org/W2416584785","https://openalex.org/W2507647979","https://openalex.org/W2513818173","https://openalex.org/W2910581328","https://openalex.org/W2963216497"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295185274","https://openalex.org/W2708760276","https://openalex.org/W2974999463","https://openalex.org/W4200597315","https://openalex.org/W6964175664","https://openalex.org/W2766504763","https://openalex.org/W3183890007","https://openalex.org/W7214339383","https://openalex.org/W2317120096","https://openalex.org/W2559724250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,203],"goal":[1],"of":[2,96,100,106,156,185,189,277,360,378],"the":[3,13,49,53,60,62,83,142,148,177,183,187,190,200,234,279,290,293],"work":[4],"in":[5,17,127,272,320,344],"this":[6,80],"dissertation":[7],"is":[8,24,56,253,354],"to":[9,28,45,51,129,145,181,244,287,300,356],"understand":[10],"and":[11,75,115,140,153,212,220,316,348,370],"overcome":[12,146],"limiting":[14],"optoelectronic":[15],"processes":[16],"emerging":[18,67],"second":[19],"generation":[20],"photovoltaic":[21],"devices.":[22],"There":[23],"an":[25,254],"urgent":[26],"need":[27],"mitigate":[29],"global":[30],"climate":[31],"change":[32],"by":[33,192,229,307],"reducing":[34],"greenhouse":[35],"gas":[36],"emissions.":[37],"Renewable":[38],"energy":[39,50,61],"from":[40,123],"photovoltaics":[41,261],"has":[42],"great":[43],"potential":[44],"reduce":[46],"emissions":[47],"if":[48],"manufacture":[52],"solar":[54,63,70,118,164,235,325],"cell":[55,64,71,236],"much":[57],"lower":[58],"than":[59],"generates.":[65],"Two":[66],"thin":[68],"film":[69],"materials,":[72,108],"organic":[73,135,245],"semiconductors":[74,136],"hybrid":[76,264,379],"organic-inorganic":[77,238],"perovskites,":[78],"meet":[79],"requirement":[81],"because":[82],"active":[84,201],"layers":[85],"are":[86,137,147,249,282],"processed":[87],"at":[88],"low":[89,116],"temperatures,":[90],"e.g.":[91],"150":[92],"\u00b0C.":[93],"Other":[94],"advantages":[95,243],"these":[97,258],"two":[98,206],"classes":[99],"materials":[101,240,267],"include":[102],"solution":[103,170],"processability,":[104],"composted":[105],"abundant":[107],"strongly":[109],"light":[110],"absorbing,":[111],"highly":[112,138],"tunable":[113,139],"bandgaps,":[114],"cost.Organic":[117],"cells":[119,165,326],"have":[120,241,268],"evolved":[121],"significantly":[122],"1%":[124],"efficient":[125,131],"devices":[126,132],"1989":[128],"11%":[130],"today.":[133],"Although":[134,260],"inexpensive,":[141],"main":[143],"challenges":[144],"large":[149],"exciton":[150,157,223],"binding":[151,224],"energies":[152,225],"poor":[154],"understanding":[155],"dynamics.":[158],"In":[159],"my":[160],"thesis,":[161],"I":[162,175,297,337],"optimized":[163],"based":[166,262],"on":[167,205,263],"three":[168],"new":[169],"processable":[171],"azadipyrromethene-based":[172],"small":[173,197,209],"molecules.":[174],"used":[176],"highest":[178],"performing":[179],"molecule":[180,198],"study":[182],"effect":[184],"increasing":[186],"permittivity":[188,196],"material":[191],"incorporating":[193],"a":[194,213,274,357,375],"high":[195],"into":[199],"layer.":[202],"studies":[204],"model":[207],"systems,":[208],"donor":[210],"molecules":[211],"polymer-fullerene":[214],"bulk":[215],"heterojunction,":[216],"show":[217],"that":[218,366],"Frenkel":[219],"charge":[221],"transfer":[222],"can":[226],"be":[227],"manipulated":[228],"controlling":[230,367],"permittivity,":[231],"which":[232,252],"impacts":[233],"efficiency.Hybrid":[237],"perovskite":[239,266,381],"similar":[242],"semiconductors,":[246],"but":[247,285],"they":[248],"not":[250,283],"excitonic,":[251],"added":[255],"advantage":[256],"for":[257],"materials.":[259],"halide":[265,380],"exceeded":[269],"20%":[270],"efficiency":[271,291,304],"only":[273],"few":[275],"years":[276],"optimization,":[278],"loss":[280],"mechanisms":[281],"understood":[284],"critical":[286],"systematically":[288],"improve":[289],"towards":[292],"theoretical":[294],"limit.":[295],"Thus,":[296],"correlated":[298],"morphology":[299],"local":[301,309],"power":[302],"conversion":[303],"determining":[305],"properties":[306],"mapping":[308],"short":[310,345],"circuit":[311,314,346,350],"current,":[312],"open":[313,349],"voltage,":[315],"dark":[317],"drift":[318],"current":[319,347],"state-of-the-art":[321],"methylammonium":[322],"lead":[323],"iodide":[324],"with":[327],"sub-30":[328],"nm":[329],"spatial":[330],"resolution":[331],"using":[332],"photoconductive":[333],"atomic":[334],"force":[335],"microscopy.":[336],"found,":[338],"within":[339],"individual":[340],"grains,":[341],"spatially-correlated":[342],"heterogeneity":[343,353],"voltage.":[351],"This":[352],"attributed":[355],"facet-dependent":[358],"density":[359],"trap":[361],"states.":[362],"These":[363],"results":[364],"imply":[365],"crystal":[368],"grain":[369],"facet":[371],"orientation":[372],"will":[373],"enable":[374],"systematic":[376],"optimization":[377],"photovoltaics.":[382]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2017-01-06T00:00:00"}
