{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2560420531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","title":"Patterns of Infectious Morbidity in Patients with Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s Macroglobulinaemia/Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: A Population-Based Study","display_name":"Patterns of Infectious Morbidity in Patients with Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s Macroglobulinaemia/Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma: A Population-Based Study","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2560420531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","mag":"2560420531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018640108","display_name":"Sigr\u00fan H. Lund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3806-2296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3806-2296"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165368041","display_name":"University of Iceland","ror":"https://ror.org/01db6h964","country_code":"IS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}],"countries":["IS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sigrun Helga Lund","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016074876","display_name":"Malin L. Hultcrantz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9045-6495","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9045-6495"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335113835","display_name":"Karolinska University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malin Hultcrantz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076029384","display_name":"Lynn R. Goldin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7350-446X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7350-446X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynn Goldin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082004555","display_name":"Ola Landgren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6485-4839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6485-4839"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334819555","display_name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrq0923","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334819555"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ola Landgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334819555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046644939","display_name":"Magnus Bj\u00f6rkholm","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335113835","display_name":"Karolinska University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Magnus Bj\u00f6rkholm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029832651","display_name":"Ingemar Turesson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-8010","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-8010"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137844","display_name":"Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02z31g829","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137844"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingemar Turesson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Skane University Hospital, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Skane University Hospital, Malm\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137844"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001522697","display_name":"Sigurdur Yngvi Kristinsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-7476","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-7476"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1335113835","display_name":"Karolinska University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8d6786","country_code":"SE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165368041","display_name":"University of Iceland","ror":"https://ror.org/01db6h964","country_code":"IS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["IS","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sigurdur Y Kristinsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland","Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1335113835","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29209399,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"124","issue":"21","first_page":"3350","last_page":"3350"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11157","display_name":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11157","display_name":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research","score":0.9702000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10185","display_name":"Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.014399999752640724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12172","display_name":"Neutropenia and Cancer Infections","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waldenstrom-macroglobulinemia","display_name":"Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lymphoplasmacytic-lymphoma","display_name":"lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-morbidity","display_name":"infectious morbidity","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-infection","display_name":"bacterial infection","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/septicemia","display_name":"septicemia","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endocarditis","display_name":"endocarditis","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumonia","display_name":"pneumonia","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meningitis","display_name":"meningitis","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection-risk","display_name":"infection risk","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hematologic-malignancies","display_name":"hematologic malignancies","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-registry","display_name":"patient registry","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cause-of-death-registry","display_name":"cause of death registry","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-registry-linkage","display_name":"cancer registry linkage","score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matched-controls","display_name":"matched controls","score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incidence-rate-ratio","display_name":"incidence rate ratio","score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.32199999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8316924571990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910423619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778287","display_name":"Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma","level":4,"score":0.6461181640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.6241273283958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207103383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246","display_name":"Hazard ratio","level":3,"score":0.5954208374023438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778287","display_name":"Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia","level":3,"score":0.5945776700973511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5596374273300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.47573137283325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.41309884190559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.3599345088005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208414","display_name":"Lymphoma","level":2,"score":0.2975572645664215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.07387807965278625}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3350.3350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068233015","https://openalex.org/W2240473234","https://openalex.org/W2151713658","https://openalex.org/W3008072759","https://openalex.org/W2555201427","https://openalex.org/W2333673073","https://openalex.org/W3017036233","https://openalex.org/W2604117581","https://openalex.org/W2954872887","https://openalex.org/W4362474528"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Infections":[2],"are":[3,506],"a":[4,79,213,364,398,411,427,456],"major":[5,85,457],"cause":[6],"of":[7,22,44,111,124,128,160,166,184,219,231,256,260,308,323,347,374,415,430,475,494,516],"morbidity":[8,32],"and":[9,46,59,73,109,126,149,171,192,198,234,241,293,315,361,368,444,452,501],"mortality":[10],"in":[11,68,337,355,359,478,491],"patients":[12,52,65,170,211,250,303,335,353,357,443],"with":[13,426],"hematologic":[14],"malignancies.":[15],"However,":[16],"largely":[17],"due":[18,487],"to":[19,54,96,156,179,227,351,418,459,488,497,518],"the":[20,28,42,69,117,133,157,181,229,257,328,338,403,467,473,492],"rarity":[21],"Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s":[23],"macroglobulinemia":[24],"(WM)/lymphoplasmacytic":[25],"lymphoma":[26],"(LPL),":[27],"literature":[29],"on":[30,122,139,392,484,503],"infectious":[31,485],"is":[33],"limited.":[34],"Using":[35],"population-based":[36,103,437],"data":[37],"from":[38,116,132,145],"Sweden,":[39],"we":[40,163,448],"estimated":[41],"risk":[43,183,218,230,254,307,322,346,373,401,414,429,474],"bacterial":[45,233,261,384,451],"viral":[47,235,300,393,453],"infections":[48,236,324,348,385,416,431,454,476],"among":[49],"2,608":[50],"LPL/WM":[51],"compared":[53,417],"10,433":[55],"matched":[56,446],"controls.":[57,172],"Patients":[58],"Methods":[60],"We":[61],"identified":[62,114,164],"all":[63,84,140],"WM/LPL":[64,100,169,210,249,302,334,352,442,460,495],"diagnosed":[66,336,354,358],"1980-2005":[67],"nationwide":[70,158],"Swedish":[71,118],"Cancer":[72],"Patient":[74,134],"Registries,":[75],"as":[76,78],"well":[77],"national":[80],"network":[81],"database":[82],"including":[83,439],"hematology/oncology":[86],"centers;":[87],"duplicate":[88],"records":[89],"were":[90,113,177,187,203,381,386],"removed.":[91],"Follow-up":[92],"time":[93],"was":[94,130,237,325,396,423,463],"up":[95],"2006.":[97],"For":[98],"each":[99],"patient,":[101],"four":[102],"controls":[104,224],"(matched":[105],"by":[106],"age,":[107,191],"sex,":[108,190],"county":[110],"residence)":[112],"randomly":[115],"population":[119],"database.":[120],"Information":[121],"type":[123],"infection":[125,129,222],"date":[127],"obtained":[131],"Registry":[135],"which":[136],"captures":[137],"information":[138],"individual":[141,206],"patient-based":[142],"discharge":[143],"diagnosis":[144],"inpatient":[146],"(since":[147,152],"1964)":[148],"outpatient":[150],"care":[151],"2000).":[153],"Through":[154],"linkage":[155],"Cause":[159],"Death":[161],"Registry,":[162],"dates":[165],"death":[167],"for":[168,189,205],"Cox":[173],"proportional":[174],"hazard":[175],"models":[176],"used":[178],"estimate":[180],"overall":[182],"infections.":[185,207],"Models":[186],"adjusted":[188],"calendar":[193,341,406],"period.":[194],"Hazard":[195],"ratios":[196],"(HRs)":[197],"95%":[199,265,270,275,280,285,290,296,312,318],"confidence":[200],"intervals":[201],"(CIs)":[202],"calculated":[204],"Results":[208],"Overall,":[209],"had":[212,251,304,343,363,410],"3.4-fold":[214],"(95%":[215,243,366,370],"CI=3.1-3.6)":[216],"elevated":[217],"developing":[220,232],"any":[221,375],"than":[223],"(Figure).":[225,349],"Compared":[226,350],"controls,":[228,447],"3.2-fold":[238],"(95%;":[239],"CI=2.9-3.5)":[240],"6.0-fold":[242],"CI=4.9-7.3)":[244],"higher,":[245],"respectively.":[246,377],"More":[247],"specifically,":[248],"an":[252,305],"increased":[253,306,372,400,477],"(p<0.05)":[255],"following":[258,470],"types":[259],"infections:":[262],"septicaemia":[263],"(HR=9.3;":[264],"CI":[266,271,276,281,286,291,297,313,319],"3.7-23.5),":[267],"endocarditis":[268],"(HR=5.0;":[269],"2.5-10.0),":[272],"pneumonia":[273],"(HR=3.8;":[274],"3.4-4.2),":[277],"meningitis":[278],"(HR=3.4;":[279],"1.1-10.3),":[282],"cellulitis":[283],"(HR=2.6;":[284],"2.0-3.4),":[287],"osteomyelitis":[288],"(HR=1.9;":[289],"1.01-3.6),":[292],"pyelonephritis":[294],"(HR=1.6;":[295],"1.2-2.4).":[298],"Regarding":[299],"infections,":[301],"herpes":[309],"zoster":[310],"(HR=9.2;":[311],"6.7-12.6)":[314],"influenza":[316],"(HR=2.3;":[317],"1.5-3.5).":[320],"The":[321,378,482],"highest":[326],"during":[327,402,466],"first":[329,468],"year":[330],"after":[331],"diagnosis.":[332,471],"Interestingly,":[333],"more":[339,479],"recent":[340,405,480],"periods":[342],"significantly":[344,412,424],"higher":[345,428],"1980-1989,":[356],"1990-1999":[360],"2000-2004":[362],"1.5-fold":[365],"CI=1.3-1.6)":[367],"1.8-fold":[369],"CI=1.6-2.1)":[371],"infection,":[376],"same":[379],"patterns":[380],"observed":[382],"when":[383],"analyzed":[387],"separately.":[388],"In":[389,434],"analysis":[390],"focusing":[391],"infections;":[394],"there":[395],"only":[397],"significant":[399],"most":[404],"period":[407],"(p=0.027).":[408],"Females":[409],"lower":[413],"males":[419],"(p<0.001).":[420,432],"Increasing":[421],"age":[422],"associated":[425],"Discussion":[433],"this":[435],"large":[436],"study":[438],"over":[440],"2,600":[441],"10,000":[445],"found":[449],"that":[450],"represent":[455],"threat":[458],"patients.":[461],"This":[462],"particularly":[464],"true":[465],"years":[469],"Importantly,":[472],"years.":[481],"effects":[483],"complications":[486],"novel":[489],"drugs":[490],"treatment":[493],"need":[496],"be":[498],"better":[499],"defined":[500],"trials":[502],"prophylactic":[504],"measures":[505],"needed.":[507],"Figure":[508,510],"1":[509],"1.":[511],"Disclosures":[512],"No":[513],"relevant":[514],"conflicts":[515],"interest":[517],"declare.":[519]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-12-16T00:00:00"}
