{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2558361973","doi":null,"title":"THE EFFECT OF ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL GRADE SPAN AND TRANSITION ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT AND GRADUATION","display_name":"THE EFFECT OF ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL GRADE SPAN AND TRANSITION ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT AND GRADUATION","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2558361973","mag":"2558361973"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1312","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2364&context=doctoral","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2364&context=doctoral","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089050388","display_name":"Jeana Conley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeana Conley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089050388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.7973999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.7973999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12950","display_name":"Educational Environments and Student Outcomes","score":0.09030000120401382,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13929","display_name":"Educational Outcomes and Influences","score":0.06430000066757202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grade-span","display_name":"grade span","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition-to-school","display_name":"transition to school","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-size","display_name":"school size","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduation-rates","display_name":"graduation rates","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"dropout","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-achievement","display_name":"reading achievement","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-achievement","display_name":"mathematics achievement","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-turnover","display_name":"teacher turnover","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-turnover","display_name":"principal turnover","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-schools","display_name":"rural schools","score":0.6309999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.8871339559555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5760210156440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5651822686195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.49436426162719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.4528357684612274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41530728340148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21406713128089905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13057875633239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1312","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2364&context=doctoral","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2558361973","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2364&context=doctoral","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2364","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1312","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2364&context=doctoral","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.975600004196167,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2558361973.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2558361973.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":117,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21648586","https://openalex.org/W29106854","https://openalex.org/W30875926","https://openalex.org/W39439158","https://openalex.org/W74692804","https://openalex.org/W102618583","https://openalex.org/W110200796","https://openalex.org/W136472749","https://openalex.org/W166845932","https://openalex.org/W206435759","https://openalex.org/W207344845","https://openalex.org/W288073878","https://openalex.org/W330424827","https://openalex.org/W341904032","https://openalex.org/W1481322503","https://openalex.org/W1491005732","https://openalex.org/W1491134449","https://openalex.org/W1491459711","https://openalex.org/W1494508869","https://openalex.org/W1520589501","https://openalex.org/W1521648562","https://openalex.org/W1526224484","https://openalex.org/W1530456109","https://openalex.org/W1543867702","https://openalex.org/W1545951333","https://openalex.org/W1549903077","https://openalex.org/W1550296823","https://openalex.org/W1553504256","https://openalex.org/W1590741357","https://openalex.org/W1605223148","https://openalex.org/W1715149142","https://openalex.org/W1862725398","https://openalex.org/W1923504712","https://openalex.org/W1934307060","https://openalex.org/W1957471283","https://openalex.org/W1964045424","https://openalex.org/W1965427759","https://openalex.org/W1965473912","https://openalex.org/W1973948212","https://openalex.org/W1978027065","https://openalex.org/W1980086820","https://openalex.org/W1985910324","https://openalex.org/W1988310388","https://openalex.org/W1993162461","https://openalex.org/W1993503609","https://openalex.org/W1997184005","https://openalex.org/W2007034446","https://openalex.org/W2011680697","https://openalex.org/W2017385451","https://openalex.org/W2018231542","https://openalex.org/W2018351597","https://openalex.org/W2018806136","https://openalex.org/W2024573596","https://openalex.org/W2033378592","https://openalex.org/W2034191280","https://openalex.org/W2034933468","https://openalex.org/W2035394209","https://openalex.org/W2035984688","https://openalex.org/W2038893851","https://openalex.org/W2041478210","https://openalex.org/W2047076615","https://openalex.org/W2048598831","https://openalex.org/W2048911743","https://openalex.org/W2053788087","https://openalex.org/W2057563009","https://openalex.org/W2062223153","https://openalex.org/W2068617850","https://openalex.org/W2073984073","https://openalex.org/W2083939840","https://openalex.org/W2088580194","https://openalex.org/W2093539376","https://openalex.org/W2094444847","https://openalex.org/W2099442311","https://openalex.org/W2100680365","https://openalex.org/W2100848308","https://openalex.org/W2103512947","https://openalex.org/W2104050189","https://openalex.org/W2111638337","https://openalex.org/W2116092796","https://openalex.org/W2118002774","https://openalex.org/W2126532773","https://openalex.org/W2127751232","https://openalex.org/W2127899968","https://openalex.org/W2129814561","https://openalex.org/W2131490746","https://openalex.org/W2132922936","https://openalex.org/W2133420935","https://openalex.org/W2135469880","https://openalex.org/W2136814631","https://openalex.org/W2138356180","https://openalex.org/W2138368559","https://openalex.org/W2142031440","https://openalex.org/W2148824778","https://openalex.org/W2149364766","https://openalex.org/W2155416541","https://openalex.org/W2157797835","https://openalex.org/W2162040794","https://openalex.org/W2167573676","https://openalex.org/W2167884222","https://openalex.org/W2170886473","https://openalex.org/W2172113748","https://openalex.org/W2336653317","https://openalex.org/W2337995189","https://openalex.org/W2566730129","https://openalex.org/W2583843974","https://openalex.org/W2605515928","https://openalex.org/W2725281411","https://openalex.org/W2728486967","https://openalex.org/W2732972161","https://openalex.org/W2885710775","https://openalex.org/W2889561418","https://openalex.org/W2951897291","https://openalex.org/W2992641213","https://openalex.org/W3022419584","https://openalex.org/W3121537273","https://openalex.org/W3137241090","https://openalex.org/W3211612077"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089151295","https://openalex.org/W2604491144","https://openalex.org/W2339107118","https://openalex.org/W7096900595","https://openalex.org/W3121708951","https://openalex.org/W33450679","https://openalex.org/W70289178","https://openalex.org/W2519871754","https://openalex.org/W3090460813","https://openalex.org/W1927322431"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"factors":[1,31],"surrounding":[2],"critical":[3],"transition":[4],"periods,":[5],"school":[6,40,59,98,144,179,196,223,239],"and":[7,10,20,64,90,96,121,146,158,225],"class":[8],"size,":[9,60],"grade":[11,61,194,211],"configuration":[12,224],"at":[13,92],"the":[14,44,56,93,110,187,204,222,241],"elementary":[15,71,238],"level":[16],"greatly":[17],"impact":[18],"current":[19],"future":[21],"student":[22,85,130],"performance.":[23,131,185],"The":[24,114,163],"expectation":[25],"is":[26,41],"that":[27,231],"all":[28],"of":[29,49,116,142],"these":[30],"are":[32,150],"standard":[33],"among":[34,171],"schools,":[35],"but":[36],"in":[37,74,78,84,87,129,177,181,201,240],"reality,":[38],"every":[39],"different;":[42],"therefore,":[43],"potential":[45,127],"for":[46,107],"inconsistent":[47],"quality":[48],"learning":[50],"exists.":[51],"This":[52],"causal-comparative":[53],"study":[54],"explored":[55,125],"difference":[57,170,218],"etween":[58],"span":[62],"configuration,":[63],"transitions":[65,176],"associated":[66],"with":[67],"a":[68,75,191,208,244],"district\u2019s":[69],"seven":[70],"feeder":[72,112,143,148],"schools":[73,149],"small":[76],"county":[77],"rural":[79],"Western":[80],"North":[81],"Carolina.":[82],"Differences":[83],"performance,":[86],"both":[88],"reading":[89,184],"math,":[91],"elementary,":[94],"middle,":[95],"high":[97,161],"level,":[99],"as":[100,102,126],"well":[101],"graduation":[103,159],"rates,":[104],"were":[105,124],"examined":[106],"ties":[108],"to":[109,153,183],"identified":[111],"school.":[113,162,213],"elements":[115],"teacher":[117,119],"quality,":[118],"turnover,":[120],"principal":[122],"turnover":[123],"variables":[128],"An":[132],"ex-post":[133],"facto":[134],"statistical":[135],"analysis":[136,165],"utilizing":[137],"t-tests":[138],"provided":[139],"an":[140],"exploration":[141],"characteristics":[145],"which":[147],"more":[151],"likely":[152],"produce":[154],"successful":[155,226],"academic":[156],"achievement":[157],"from":[160],"data":[164],"revealed":[166],"no":[167,215],"statistically":[168,216],"significant":[169,217],"students":[172,188,205,232],"who":[173,189,206,233],"experienced":[174],"fewer":[175],"their":[178],"career":[180],"regard":[182],"However,":[186],"attended":[190,207],"Pre-K":[192,209],"through":[193,210],"eight":[195],"had":[197,243],"higher":[198,246],"mean":[199],"scores":[200],"math":[202],"than":[203],"five":[212],"Although":[214],"was":[219,229],"found":[220],"between":[221],"graduation,":[227],"it":[228],"noted":[230],"did":[234],"not":[235],"attend":[236],"any":[237],"district":[242],"much":[245],"dropout":[247],"rate.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-12-08T00:00:00"}
