{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2557559944","doi":null,"title":"Human Impulsivity: Effects of Reinforcement Procedure","display_name":"Human Impulsivity: Effects of Reinforcement Procedure","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2557559944","mag":"2557559944"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wmich.edu:dissertations-2658","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/1673","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2658&context=dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196527","display_name":"ScholarWorks - WMU (Western Michigan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","host_organization_name":"Western Michigan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2658&context=dissertations","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081292478","display_name":"Catherine A. Karas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Catherine A. Karas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western MIchigan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western MIchigan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081292478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.638700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.638700008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.2833999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.05510000139474869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulsivity","display_name":"impulsivity","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-reinforcement","display_name":"positive reinforcement","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-reinforcement","display_name":"negative reinforcement","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-discounting","display_name":"delay discounting","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-control","display_name":"self-control","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-reinforcers","display_name":"secondary reinforcers","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse-control","display_name":"impulse control","score":0.35199999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780319597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549918","display_name":"Impulsivity","level":2,"score":0.6966109275817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.5743464827537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5176358819007874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4197443723678589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.39584624767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3507455587387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.31115472316741943}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wmich.edu:dissertations-2658","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/1673","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2658&context=dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196527","display_name":"ScholarWorks - WMU (Western Michigan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","host_organization_name":"Western Michigan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2557559944","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2658&context=dissertations","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.wmich.edu:dissertations-2658","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/1673","pdf_url":"https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2658&context=dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196527","display_name":"ScholarWorks - WMU (Western Michigan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","host_organization_name":"Western Michigan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2557559944.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2557559944.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521675097","https://openalex.org/W1597596046","https://openalex.org/W1601314759","https://openalex.org/W1969701071","https://openalex.org/W1972850108","https://openalex.org/W1979309772","https://openalex.org/W1984051431","https://openalex.org/W1985147252","https://openalex.org/W1995013478","https://openalex.org/W2006619603","https://openalex.org/W2009599182","https://openalex.org/W2012840650","https://openalex.org/W2019711724","https://openalex.org/W2021621394","https://openalex.org/W2030614237","https://openalex.org/W2032914713","https://openalex.org/W2046263322","https://openalex.org/W2052919428","https://openalex.org/W2088347350","https://openalex.org/W2097877135","https://openalex.org/W2127174530","https://openalex.org/W2135743192","https://openalex.org/W2159011576","https://openalex.org/W2167077741","https://openalex.org/W2167993288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7056938001","https://openalex.org/W2052324605","https://openalex.org/W2030614237","https://openalex.org/W2993984060","https://openalex.org/W2009599182","https://openalex.org/W4206144230","https://openalex.org/W1985147252","https://openalex.org/W2169444189","https://openalex.org/W2035369407","https://openalex.org/W2060735535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,195,221],"study,":[2],"positive":[3,47,165],"and":[4,87],"negative":[5,76,156,174,231],"reinforcement":[6,23,37,137,157,166,175,209],"procedures":[7,210],"were":[8,58,97],"directly":[9],"compared":[10,26],"across":[11],"subjects":[12,49,89,203],"to":[13,27,71,188],"determine":[14],"whether":[15],"more":[16,178],"impulsive":[17,132,179],"responding":[18,133,171,180,207],"would":[19],"occur":[20,162],"with":[21,100],"one":[22],"procedure":[24,158,176],"when":[25,211],"the":[28,43,46,63,68,75,78,129,143,152,155,164,173,185,189,212,228],"other,":[29],"under":[30,135,154,163,172,208],"a":[31,101,104,110,125,148,182,216,234],"discrete-trial":[32],"choice":[33,102],"procedure.":[34,138,167],"For":[35,45,74],"both":[36],"procedures,":[38],"taped":[39],"music":[40],"served":[41],"as":[42,181],"reinforcer.":[44,191],"reinforcer,":[48],"brought":[50],"in":[51,62,116,128,151],"their":[52,72,91],"own":[53],"music,":[54,86],"from":[55],"which":[56],"tapes":[57,69,81],"made":[59,80],"for":[60,93],"use":[61],"study.":[64],"Subjects":[65,96],"then":[66,98],"ranked":[67,90],"according":[70],"preferences.":[73],"reinforcers,":[77],"investigators":[79],"of":[82,85,131,142,170,184,194,215,220,230,233],"various":[83],"types":[84],"all":[88],"preferences":[92],"these":[94],"tapes.":[95],"presented":[99],"between":[103],"smaller":[105],"reward":[106,112],"available":[107],"immediately,":[108],"or":[109],"larger":[111,190],"that":[113,122,159,200,202],"was":[114,124],"delayed":[115],"time.\\nStatistical":[117],"analysis":[118],"did":[119,146,160],"not":[120,161],"indicate":[121],"there":[123],"significant":[126],"difference":[127],"amount":[130],"generated":[134],"each":[136],"A":[139],"visual":[140],"inspection":[141],"data":[144],"however,":[145],"suggest":[147,201],"strong":[149],"pattern":[150,169],"responses":[153],"This":[168],"reflected":[177],"function":[183],"increased":[186],"delays":[187],"These":[192],"results":[193,219],"study":[196,222],"support":[197],"previous":[198],"findings":[199],"will":[204],"emit":[205],"self-controlled":[206],"stimulus":[213],"is":[214],"secondary-type.":[217,235],"The":[218],"also":[223],"extend":[224],"our":[225],"knowledge":[226],"about":[227],"effects":[229],"reinforcers":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-19T15:00:24.278416","created_date":"2016-12-08T00:00:00"}
