{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2553946018","doi":null,"title":"Arabic/Farsi Handwritten Digit Recognition using Histogram of Oriented Gradient and Chain Code Histogram","display_name":"Arabic/Farsi Handwritten Digit Recognition using Histogram of Oriented Gradient and Chain Code Histogram","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2553946018","mag":"2553946018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2553946018","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/iajit/iajit13.html#Khorashadizadeh16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100666833","display_name":"The International Arab Journal of Information Technology","issn_l":"1683-3198","issn":["1683-3198","2309-4524"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362726017","host_organization_name":"Zarqa University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362726017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Zarqa University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The International Arab Journal of Information Technology","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/iajit/iajit13.html#Khorashadizadeh16","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040167906","display_name":"Seyyed Khorashadizadeh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyyed Khorashadizadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033951266","display_name":"Alimohammad Latif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0697-4952","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0697-4952"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alimohammad Latif","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0697-4952","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7978,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74743266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"367","last_page":"374"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-fusion","display_name":"feature fusion","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-feature-extraction","display_name":"local feature extraction","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-kernel","display_name":"Gaussian kernel","score":0.9570000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8231332302093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93058836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1453572","display_name":"Chain code","level":3,"score":0.8214970827102661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.791129469871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7431386709213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6514471173286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6512563228607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.6300849318504333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984784707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Digit recognition","level":3,"score":0.5232952237129211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4875313937664032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.443376362323761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42826515436172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4014396071434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2293834686279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12515899538993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.08517277240753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2553946018","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/iajit/iajit13.html#Khorashadizadeh16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100666833","display_name":"The International Arab Journal of Information Technology","issn_l":"1683-3198","issn":["1683-3198","2309-4524"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362726017","host_organization_name":"Zarqa University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362726017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Zarqa University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The International Arab Journal of Information Technology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2553946018","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/iajit/iajit13.html#Khorashadizadeh16","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100666833","display_name":"The International Arab Journal of Information Technology","issn_l":"1683-3198","issn":["1683-3198","2309-4524"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4362726017","host_organization_name":"Zarqa University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4362726017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Zarqa University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The International Arab Journal of Information Technology","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96651127","https://openalex.org/W143993393","https://openalex.org/W202960004","https://openalex.org/W1153891179","https://openalex.org/W1574496672","https://openalex.org/W1698155719","https://openalex.org/W1884234530","https://openalex.org/W1909199407","https://openalex.org/W1973806710","https://openalex.org/W1974395509","https://openalex.org/W1993119111","https://openalex.org/W1994716798","https://openalex.org/W2001392867","https://openalex.org/W2024986448","https://openalex.org/W2029049225","https://openalex.org/W2034516667","https://openalex.org/W2045010718","https://openalex.org/W2068664402","https://openalex.org/W2094462722","https://openalex.org/W2098789383","https://openalex.org/W2098849244","https://openalex.org/W2101347091","https://openalex.org/W2108736209","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2118598121","https://openalex.org/W2119534644","https://openalex.org/W2135249422","https://openalex.org/W2135833910","https://openalex.org/W2137983211","https://openalex.org/W2143155961","https://openalex.org/W2147220807","https://openalex.org/W2150349835","https://openalex.org/W2150987624","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2153896877","https://openalex.org/W2156163116","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2170393096","https://openalex.org/W2172174689","https://openalex.org/W2172993910","https://openalex.org/W2187098286","https://openalex.org/W2533349359","https://openalex.org/W2799061466"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281686443","https://openalex.org/W1986275625","https://openalex.org/W3159680307","https://openalex.org/W1994716798","https://openalex.org/W2993894517","https://openalex.org/W2541367164","https://openalex.org/W2081112606","https://openalex.org/W2106922638","https://openalex.org/W2738154296","https://openalex.org/W3043218356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,84,104],"aim":[1],"of":[2,26,35,61,95],"this":[3],"paper":[4],"is":[5],"to":[6],"propose":[7],"a":[8,58],"novel":[9],"technique":[10],"for":[11],"Arabic/Farsi":[12],"handwritten":[13,90],"digit":[14,91],"recognition.":[15],"We":[16],"constructed":[17],"an":[18],"invariant":[19],"and":[20,33,55,97,100,121],"efficient":[21],"feature":[22,65],"set":[23,66],"by":[24],"combination":[25],"four":[27],"directional":[28],"Chain":[29],"Code":[30],"Histogram":[31,34],"(CCH)":[32],"Oriented":[36],"Gradient":[37],"(HOG).":[38],"To":[39],"achieve":[40],"higher":[41],"recognition":[42],"rate,":[43],"we":[44],"extracted":[45],"local":[46],"features":[47],"at":[48],"two":[49],"levels":[50],"with":[51,77],"grids":[52],"2\u00d72,":[53],"1\u00d71":[54],"it":[56],"causes":[57],"partial":[59],"overlapping":[60],"zones.":[62],"Our":[63],"proposed":[64],"has":[67],"164":[68],"dimensions.":[69],"For":[70],"classification":[71,109],"phase,":[72],"Support":[73],"Vector":[74],"Machine":[75],"(SVM)":[76],"radial":[78],"basis":[79],"function":[80],"kernel":[81],"was":[82,86,115,124],"used.":[83],"system":[85],"evaluated":[87],"on":[88,117],"HODA":[89],"dataset":[92],"which":[93],"consist":[94],"60000":[96],"20000":[98],"training":[99],"test":[101],"samples,":[102],"respectively.":[103],"experimental":[105],"results":[106],"represent":[107],"99.31%":[108],"rate.":[110],"Further,":[111],"59fold":[112],"cross":[113],"validation":[114],"applied":[116],"whole":[118],"80000":[119],"samples":[120],"99.58%":[122],"accuracy":[123],"obtained.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-11-30T00:00:00"}
