{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2553331336","doi":null,"title":"Computational Methods for Protein Folding: Scaling a Hierarchy of Complexities","display_name":"Computational Methods for Protein Folding: Scaling a Hierarchy of Complexities","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2553331336","mag":"2553331336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2553331336","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6283119/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067897411","display_name":"Tao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-4793","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-4793"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-4793","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102854124","display_name":"Ying Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5471-6739","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5471-6739"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5471-6739","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103076277","display_name":"Michael Q. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-1830","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-1830"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Q. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-1830","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1483,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73868385,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"403","last_page":"447"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12044","display_name":"Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding","display_name":"protein folding","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-protein-models","display_name":"lattice protein models","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-potential","display_name":"model potential","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solvation-effects","display_name":"solvation effects","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potential-of-mean-force","display_name":"potential of mean force","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/folding-kinetics","display_name":"folding kinetics","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-based-potentials","display_name":"knowledge-based potentials","score":0.781000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204328495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847556","display_name":"Protein folding","level":2,"score":0.7573264837265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6114637851715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.5907270908355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148093993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739398","display_name":"Solvation","level":3,"score":0.5467395782470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.48043203353881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.45235544443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18051474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899656","display_name":"Protein structure prediction","level":3,"score":0.42359331250190735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32598905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497130","display_name":"Lattice protein","level":3,"score":0.41560792922973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.366486132144928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36551618576049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34441137313842773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47701112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735188","display_name":"Protein structure","level":2,"score":0.3132956326007843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2572386860847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.12454399466514587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32909587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11369","display_name":"Molecule","level":2,"score":0.10750481486320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.10189339518547058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.09818631410598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09126758575439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2553331336","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6283119/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":149,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157808733","https://openalex.org/W569685942","https://openalex.org/W628057980","https://openalex.org/W1487346929","https://openalex.org/W1490071206","https://openalex.org/W1496368635","https://openalex.org/W1498503622","https://openalex.org/W1504780538","https://openalex.org/W1516150813","https://openalex.org/W1517145530","https://openalex.org/W1521042556","https://openalex.org/W1524608481","https://openalex.org/W1530641120","https://openalex.org/W1533087373","https://openalex.org/W1533569014","https://openalex.org/W1537016059","https://openalex.org/W1550166367","https://openalex.org/W1558188591","https://openalex.org/W1581867113","https://openalex.org/W1584585216","https://openalex.org/W1589102791","https://openalex.org/W1601549577","https://openalex.org/W1703077627","https://openalex.org/W1960408443","https://openalex.org/W1965857389","https://openalex.org/W1969554454","https://openalex.org/W1972858764","https://openalex.org/W1973220360","https://openalex.org/W1973235682","https://openalex.org/W1974885083","https://openalex.org/W1975017420","https://openalex.org/W1976271045","https://openalex.org/W1977428203","https://openalex.org/W1977588092","https://openalex.org/W1978885914","https://openalex.org/W1979754565","https://openalex.org/W1980125299","https://openalex.org/W1982944046","https://openalex.org/W1983514815","https://openalex.org/W1983839347","https://openalex.org/W1984893386","https://openalex.org/W1985937571","https://openalex.org/W1988690429","https://openalex.org/W1988919865","https://openalex.org/W1990644981","https://openalex.org/W1991117413","https://openalex.org/W1991315324","https://openalex.org/W1999119872","https://openalex.org/W1999669514","https://openalex.org/W2001818491","https://openalex.org/W2005000915","https://openalex.org/W2007296976","https://openalex.org/W2007696754","https://openalex.org/W2008015300","https://openalex.org/W2009467983","https://openalex.org/W2009513422","https://openalex.org/W2010535494","https://openalex.org/W2013652332","https://openalex.org/W2013842855","https://openalex.org/W2014095962","https://openalex.org/W2015527441","https://openalex.org/W2016019576","https://openalex.org/W2021534482","https://openalex.org/W2022002404","https://openalex.org/W2025925640","https://openalex.org/W2027071679","https://openalex.org/W2028841335","https://openalex.org/W2032008622","https://openalex.org/W2033568678","https://openalex.org/W2034351413","https://openalex.org/W2037928576","https://openalex.org/W2041149980","https://openalex.org/W2041658859","https://openalex.org/W2042380360","https://openalex.org/W2043774984","https://openalex.org/W2046585679","https://openalex.org/W2049092553","https://openalex.org/W2049558868","https://openalex.org/W2053542175","https://openalex.org/W2054260513","https://openalex.org/W2057239104","https://openalex.org/W2062175659","https://openalex.org/W2062267688","https://openalex.org/W2065864578","https://openalex.org/W2066335468","https://openalex.org/W2067190679","https://openalex.org/W2068187922","https://openalex.org/W2068951131","https://openalex.org/W2069504710","https://openalex.org/W2070418318","https://openalex.org/W2070783701","https://openalex.org/W2071164291","https://openalex.org/W2074278457","https://openalex.org/W2074884575","https://openalex.org/W2075552113","https://openalex.org/W2076488922","https://openalex.org/W2076834744","https://openalex.org/W2079944814","https://openalex.org/W2081085903","https://openalex.org/W2082296224","https://openalex.org/W2085764610","https://openalex.org/W2086321542","https://openalex.org/W2086419410","https://openalex.org/W2089088187","https://openalex.org/W2089597488","https://openalex.org/W2090304431","https://openalex.org/W2091778154","https://openalex.org/W2096649990","https://openalex.org/W2101366028","https://openalex.org/W2103047198","https://openalex.org/W2103989207","https://openalex.org/W2104704906","https://openalex.org/W2108884725","https://openalex.org/W2109610280","https://openalex.org/W2112032866","https://openalex.org/W2113301225","https://openalex.org/W2114899912","https://openalex.org/W2115997621","https://openalex.org/W2116050576","https://openalex.org/W2117092343","https://openalex.org/W2121105996","https://openalex.org/W2123768455","https://openalex.org/W2124745044","https://openalex.org/W2127059639","https://openalex.org/W2128854004","https://openalex.org/W2130873129","https://openalex.org/W2139415631","https://openalex.org/W2144263933","https://openalex.org/W2144729032","https://openalex.org/W2145009293","https://openalex.org/W2145010489","https://openalex.org/W2146275773","https://openalex.org/W2148130200","https://openalex.org/W2153293554","https://openalex.org/W2153454419","https://openalex.org/W2155858308","https://openalex.org/W2156731158","https://openalex.org/W2157705539","https://openalex.org/W2158476854","https://openalex.org/W2159709470","https://openalex.org/W2165222310","https://openalex.org/W2171546617","https://openalex.org/W2171755502","https://openalex.org/W2178631187","https://openalex.org/W2591763347","https://openalex.org/W3102792525","https://openalex.org/W3182520187","https://openalex.org/W4240267121","https://openalex.org/W4254664124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3170453806","https://openalex.org/W2010249440","https://openalex.org/W1647487283","https://openalex.org/W2234674686","https://openalex.org/W4308633423","https://openalex.org/W653885821","https://openalex.org/W1593468621","https://openalex.org/W2093347105","https://openalex.org/W2007851849","https://openalex.org/W2771342442"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"chapter":[1],"contains":[2],"sections":[3],"titled:":[4],"Physics":[5],"and":[6,17,22],"Knowledge-Based":[7],"Approaches":[8],"to":[9],"Protein":[10,15,40],"Folding,":[11],"Driving":[12],"Forces":[13],"in":[14,43],"Folding":[16,48],"Model":[18],"Potentials,":[19],"Solvation":[20],"Effects":[21],"Non-additivity":[23],"of":[24,26,33,37,47],"Potentials":[25],"Mean":[27],"Force,":[28],"Simple":[29,38,44],"Self-Contained":[30],"Polymer":[31],"Models":[32],"Proteins,":[34],"Recent":[35],"Applications":[36],"Lattice":[39,45],"Models,":[41],"Issues":[42],"Modeling":[46],"Kinetics,":[49],"Concluding":[50],"Remarks,":[51],"Acknowledgments,":[52],"References":[53]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-11-30T00:00:00"}