{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2552892151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","title":"Comparison of Transformational Leadership Practices: Implications for School Districts and Principal Preparation Programs","display_name":"Comparison of Transformational Leadership Practices: Implications for School Districts and Principal Preparation Programs","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2552892151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","mag":"2552892151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.12806/v14/i3/r5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174845","display_name":"Journal of Leadership Education","issn_l":"1552-9045","issn":["1552-9045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Leadership Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064580912","display_name":"Jeff L. Quin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141197729","display_name":"Northcentral University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6c905","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141197729","https://openalex.org/I4210086682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","display_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/0270vfa57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff Quin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Technology/District Administration 1 , Lawrence County School District","Adjunct Professor","Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","Northcentral University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technology/District Administration 1 , Lawrence County School District","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adjunct Professor","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northcentral University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141197729"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055067071","display_name":"Aaron R. Deris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-6421","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0128-6421"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141197729","display_name":"Northcentral University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6c905","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141197729","https://openalex.org/I4210086682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","display_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/0270vfa57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I44854399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91221267","display_name":"Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System","ror":"https://ror.org/014qpa824","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91221267"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Deris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of Special Education, Minnesota State University 2","Adjunct Professor","Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","Northcentral University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Special Education, Minnesota State University 2","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91221267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adjunct Professor","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northcentral University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141197729"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004805748","display_name":"Greg Bischoff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141197729","display_name":"Northcentral University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6c905","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141197729","https://openalex.org/I4210086682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","display_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/0270vfa57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greg Bischoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adjunct Professor, Northcentral University 3","Adjunct Professor","Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","Northcentral University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adjunct Professor, Northcentral University 3","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141197729"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adjunct Professor","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northcentral University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141197729"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107267866","display_name":"James T. Johnson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141197729","display_name":"Northcentral University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xf6c905","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141197729","https://openalex.org/I4210086682"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44854399","display_name":"University of Southern Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/0270vfa57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141039","https://openalex.org/I44854399"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James T. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Director of the Center for Research Support, University of Southern Mississippi 4","Adjunct Professor","Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","Northcentral University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director of the Center for Research Support, University of Southern Mississippi 4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adjunct Professor","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Research Support University of Southern Mississippi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44854399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Special Education Minnesota State University","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technology/District Administration Lawrence County School District","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northcentral University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141197729"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8507,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96816602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"71","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.5723000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.5723000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13884","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Practices","score":0.3977000117301941,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.021900000050663948,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformational-leadership","display_name":"transformational leadership","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-principals","display_name":"school principals","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-preparation-programs","display_name":"principal preparation programs","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-district-leadership","display_name":"school district leadership","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inspiring-a-shared-vision","display_name":"inspiring a shared vision","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/challenging-the-process","display_name":"challenging the process","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-practices-inventory","display_name":"Leadership Practices Inventory","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kouzes-and-posner","display_name":"Kouzes and Posner","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-curriculum","display_name":"leadership curriculum","score":0.4050000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38775462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569376","display_name":"Transformational leadership","level":2,"score":0.924541711807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.6628390550613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5664099454879761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111366508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341291","display_name":"Educational leadership","level":2,"score":0.512393057346344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5123335123062134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.4730319678783417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7225491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697537","display_name":"Leadership studies","level":3,"score":0.43961694836616516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197386563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508686","display_name":"Leadership style","level":2,"score":0.37496769428253174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3715578615665436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3613724708557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3244619369506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.31753602623939514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2895030975341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12004274129867554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09872394800186157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08966144919395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.12806/v14/i3/r5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174845","display_name":"Journal of Leadership Education","issn_l":"1552-9045","issn":["1552-9045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Leadership Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu:sped-fac-pubs-1034","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalofleadershiped.org/abstracts/?ids=2077","pdf_url":"https://journalofleadershiped.org/abstracts/?ids=2077","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196646","display_name":"Cornerstone (Minnesota State University, Mankato)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I152014189","host_organization_name":"Minnesota State University, Mankato","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152014189"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Special Education Department Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.12806/v14/i3/r5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.12806/v14/i3/r5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174845","display_name":"Journal of Leadership Education","issn_l":"1552-9045","issn":["1552-9045"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Leadership Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.975600004196167,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2552892151.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2552892151.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24877386","https://openalex.org/W27315218","https://openalex.org/W93274749","https://openalex.org/W128396014","https://openalex.org/W135303850","https://openalex.org/W140702580","https://openalex.org/W159575631","https://openalex.org/W244846426","https://openalex.org/W652265168","https://openalex.org/W813909566","https://openalex.org/W1498699040","https://openalex.org/W1505149566","https://openalex.org/W1587916184","https://openalex.org/W2018176134","https://openalex.org/W2020231404","https://openalex.org/W2021550941","https://openalex.org/W2025235771","https://openalex.org/W2043515332","https://openalex.org/W2060675293","https://openalex.org/W2072864023","https://openalex.org/W2136889481","https://openalex.org/W2147977046","https://openalex.org/W2154320028","https://openalex.org/W2154917652","https://openalex.org/W2156692824","https://openalex.org/W2188212838","https://openalex.org/W2189154674","https://openalex.org/W2317078564","https://openalex.org/W2328995357","https://openalex.org/W2598051799","https://openalex.org/W2608428787","https://openalex.org/W2747313878","https://openalex.org/W2758011414","https://openalex.org/W2962323685","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4323966894","https://openalex.org/W6603822883","https://openalex.org/W7020641085"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7215327299","https://openalex.org/W2520713245","https://openalex.org/W7219451078","https://openalex.org/W7099981247","https://openalex.org/W1603605273","https://openalex.org/W2981786566","https://openalex.org/W2223624274","https://openalex.org/W2183538457","https://openalex.org/W1485557685","https://openalex.org/W2239364709"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,23,78],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,72,80],"this":[3],"study":[4,24,82],"was":[5,25,47,67],"to":[6,12,28,31,49,144],"determine":[7],"the":[8,51,57,70,81,111,114,119],"leadership":[9,41,93,137],"practices":[10,94,116],"needed":[11],"improve":[13],"academic":[14],"achievement":[15],"and":[16,35,64,75,103,109,134],"generate":[17],"positive":[18],"change":[19],"in":[20,87,99,142],"school":[21,36,148],"organizations.":[22],"also":[26],"conducted":[27],"provide":[29],"insight":[30],"principal":[32,129],"preparation":[33,130],"programs":[34,131],"districts":[37],"about":[38],"effective":[39],"transformational":[40,136],"practices.":[42],"A":[43],"quantitative":[44],"research":[45],"method":[46],"used":[48],"achieve":[50],"survey":[52],"study.":[53],"Ninety-two":[54],"teachers":[55],"completed":[56],"Leadership":[58],"Practices":[59],"Inventory":[60],"developed":[61],"by":[62],"Kouzes":[63,133],"Posner.":[65],"Data":[66],"analyzed":[68],"with":[69],"use":[71],"descriptive":[73],"statistics":[74],"t-":[76],"tests.":[77],"findings":[79],"indicate":[83],"that":[84,117,128],"(a)":[85],"principals":[86,98],"high":[88],"performing":[89,101],"schools":[90,102],"employ":[91],"all":[92],"more":[95],"frequently":[96],"than":[97],"lower":[100],"(b)":[104],"inspiring":[105],"a":[106],"shared":[107],"vision":[108],"challenging":[110],"process":[112],"are":[113],"two":[115],"have":[118],"biggest":[120],"impact":[121],"on":[122],"student":[123],"achievement.":[124],"It":[125],"is":[126],"recommended":[127],"incorporate":[132],"Posner\u2019s":[135],"model":[138],"into":[139],"their":[140],"curriculum":[141],"order":[143],"develop":[145],"highly":[146],"qualified":[147],"leaders.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-11-30T00:00:00"}