{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2552584314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","title":"Randomization: What and Why","display_name":"Randomization: What and Why","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2552584314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","mag":"2552584314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Planning Clinical Research","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2553434834","display_name":"Planning Clinical Research"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022656209","display_name":"Robert A. Parker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9666-5941","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9666-5941"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001430126","display_name":"Nancy Berman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165985","display_name":"Harbor\u2013UCLA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05h4zj272","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328359107","https://openalex.org/I4210165985"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy G. Berman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harbor-UCLA Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harbor-UCLA Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165985"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25711939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"237","last_page":"244"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.6172000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.6172000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.1145000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13500","display_name":"Probability and Statistical Research","score":0.027799999341368675,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomization","display_name":"randomization","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-assignment","display_name":"random assignment","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"causal inference","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-design","display_name":"experimental design","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding","display_name":"confounding","score":0.515999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204243189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363085","display_name":"Randomization","level":3,"score":0.5975645184516907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.594758152961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778152352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165061","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","level":2,"score":0.5625520348548889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.32049185037612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24418431520462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1560623049736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.12200888991355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139024716.021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Planning Clinical Research","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1432643426","https://openalex.org/W2557215399","https://openalex.org/W7220955047","https://openalex.org/W3076784320","https://openalex.org/W4235389987","https://openalex.org/W4232183030","https://openalex.org/W2477096097","https://openalex.org/W4308791794","https://openalex.org/W2131550894","https://openalex.org/W2739152905"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2016-11-30T00:00:00"}
