{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2548857203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","title":"Does case misclassification threaten the validity of studies investigating the relationship between neck manipulation and vertebral artery dissection stroke? No","display_name":"Does case misclassification threaten the validity of studies investigating the relationship between neck manipulation and vertebral artery dissection stroke? No","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2548857203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","mag":"2548857203","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27826415","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5097434"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","pdf_url":"https://chiromt.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194730835","display_name":"Chiropractic & Manual Therapies","issn_l":"1746-1340","issn":["1746-1340","2045-709X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chiropractic & Manual Therapies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://chiromt.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019709582","display_name":"Donald R. Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-569X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-569X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801290373","display_name":"Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island","ror":"https://ror.org/04c0a2j77","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801290373"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Donald R. Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Care New England Health System, Department of Family Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 600 Pawtucket Avenue, Pawtucket, RI, 02860, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Care New England Health System, Department of Family Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 600 Pawtucket Avenue, Pawtucket, RI, 02860, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330","https://openalex.org/I2801290373"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044516178","display_name":"Michael Schneider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7190-3379","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7190-3379"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Schneider","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 210, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-3130, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 210, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-3130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032415896","display_name":"Stephen M. Perle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-0256","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5829-0256"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154300980","display_name":"University of Bridgeport","ror":"https://ror.org/01rf3yp57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154300980"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen M. Perle","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT, 06604, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154300980"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102715387","display_name":"Christopher G. Bise","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-5671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-5671"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher G. Bise","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Health and Rehabilitation Science, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 210, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-3130, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Science, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 1, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 210, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-3130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005890354","display_name":"Michael G. Timko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Timko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point Suite 228, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-3130, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point Suite 228, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-3130, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049898964","display_name":"Mitchell Haas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4203-579X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4203-579X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4160608","display_name":"University of Western States","ror":"https://ror.org/03c8vvr84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4160608"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitchell Haas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Western States, 2900 NE 132nd Avenue, Portland, OR, 97230, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Western States, 2900 NE 132nd Avenue, Portland, OR, 97230, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4160608"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019709582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330","https://openalex.org/I2801290373"],"apc_list":{"value":2290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2290},"apc_paid":{"value":2290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2290},"fwci":0.24,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65961443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":"43","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.6571999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.6571999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.0746999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.0544000007212162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertebral-artery-dissection","display_name":"vertebral artery dissection","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"stroke","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-control-study","display_name":"case-control study","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-crossover-design","display_name":"case-crossover design","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neck-pain","display_name":"neck pain","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"causality","score":0.6159999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8650127649307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776629196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922751","display_name":"Vertebral artery dissection","level":3,"score":0.8200304508209229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.7621033191680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779470654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074773","display_name":"Spinal manipulation","level":4,"score":0.7295619249343872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.6587110757827759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.6536213159561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781038967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3567802","display_name":"Neck pain","level":3,"score":0.6453912258148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780405337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q516546","display_name":"Vertebral artery","level":2,"score":0.49257951974868774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49096325039863586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.4563383162021637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516994506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658096","display_name":"Chiropractic","level":3,"score":0.45235732197761536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4414258599281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.432700514793396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.32123619318008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2776990532875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.22906014323234558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.17260056734085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1479181945323944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08568066358566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","pdf_url":"https://chiromt.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194730835","display_name":"Chiropractic & Manual Therapies","issn_l":"1746-1340","issn":["1746-1340","2045-709X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chiropractic & Manual Therapies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5097434","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5097434","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chiropr Man Therap","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:27826415","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27826415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chiropractic & manual therapies","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:null:20.500.14548/4364","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.bridgeport.edu/handle/20.500.14548/4364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400238","display_name":"University of Bridgeport ScholarWorks (University of Bridgeport)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I154300980","host_organization_name":"University of Bridgeport","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154300980"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.bridgeport.edu:123456789/4364","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.bridgeport.edu/xmlui/handle/123456789/4364","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400238","display_name":"University of Bridgeport ScholarWorks (University of Bridgeport)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I154300980","host_organization_name":"University of Bridgeport","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154300980"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","pdf_url":"https://chiromt.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12998-016-0124-9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S194730835","display_name":"Chiropractic & Manual Therapies","issn_l":"1746-1340","issn":["1746-1340","2045-709X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chiropractic & Manual Therapies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2548857203.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2548857203.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1956494883","https://openalex.org/W1971192895","https://openalex.org/W1973889496","https://openalex.org/W2004504338","https://openalex.org/W2004898344","https://openalex.org/W2015623420","https://openalex.org/W2016250926","https://openalex.org/W2027529661","https://openalex.org/W2044607904","https://openalex.org/W2053126260","https://openalex.org/W2099539495","https://openalex.org/W2111428232","https://openalex.org/W2124876714","https://openalex.org/W2131622471","https://openalex.org/W2131954027","https://openalex.org/W2138556259","https://openalex.org/W2281735235","https://openalex.org/W2530377595"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2554527903","https://openalex.org/W2081458076","https://openalex.org/W2000511305","https://openalex.org/W2127650508","https://openalex.org/W7100226368","https://openalex.org/W2131954027","https://openalex.org/W2138556259","https://openalex.org/W2140985229","https://openalex.org/W2168055043","https://openalex.org/W2281735235"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,81,98,135,233],"purported":[2],"relationship":[3,72,104,112,120,348],"between":[4,73,105,121,138,226,249,349],"cervical":[5],"manipulative":[6],"therapy":[7],"(CMT)":[8],"and":[9,75,107,125,142,228,251,311,351],"stroke":[10,124,183,255],"related":[11,231,254],"to":[12,31,127,140,211,272],"vertebral":[13,122,229,252],"artery":[14,230,253],"dissection":[15],"(VAD)":[16],"has":[17,132,195],"been":[18,133,196],"debated":[19],"for":[20,69,170,292],"several":[21],"decades.":[22],"A":[23,38],"large":[24],"number":[25],"of":[26,83,92,156,167,172,189,217,239,265,275,295,324,342,370],"publications,":[27],"from":[28,150,361],"case":[29,43,207],"reports":[30],"case-control":[32,47,79,219,241,344],"studies,":[33,242],"have":[34,186,212,222,320],"investigated":[35,223],"this":[36,50,173],"relationship.":[37],"recent":[39,100,200,267,343,355],"article":[40,201,268,285],"suggested":[41,261],"that":[42,110,184,206,221,246,269,279,284,300,314,337,364],"misclassification":[44,208,270,317,338],"in":[45,53,57,283,327],"the":[46,64,71,78,89,103,111,165,177,179,190,204,214,218,224,240,247,263,266,280,289,298,301,312,322,325,335,340,347,354,359],"studies":[48,94,101,220,345,363],"on":[49,237],"topic":[51],"resulted":[52],"biased":[54,213],"odds":[55,215],"ratios":[56,216],"those":[58],"studies.":[59],"DISCUSSION:":[60],"Given":[61],"its":[62],"rarity,":[63],"best":[65,145],"epidemiologic":[66],"research":[67],"design":[68],"investigating":[70,102,346],"CMT":[74,106,227,250,350,365],"VAD":[76,108,143,157],"is":[77,113,209,307,366],"study.":[80],"addition":[82],"a":[84,118,128,151,168,199,293,368],"case-crossover":[85],"aspect":[86],"further":[87],"strengthens":[88],"scientific":[90],"rigor":[91],"such":[93],"by":[95,198,262],"reducing":[96],"bias.":[97],"most":[99],"indicate":[109],"not":[114,257,287,319,333,367],"causal.":[115,258],"In":[116],"fact,":[117],"comparable":[119],"artery-related":[123],"visits":[126,139],"primary":[129],"care":[130,191],"physician":[131],"observed.":[134],"statistical":[136],"association":[137,225,248],"chiropractors":[141],"can":[144],"be":[146],"explained":[147],"as":[148],"resulting":[149],"patient":[152,180],"with":[153,160],"early":[154],"manifestation":[155],"(neck":[158],"pain":[159],"or":[161],"without":[162],"headache)":[163],"seeking":[164],"services":[166],"chiropractor":[169],"relief":[171],"pain.":[174],"Sometime":[175],"after":[176],"visit":[178],"experiences":[181],"VAD-related":[182],"would":[185,318],"occurred":[187],"regardless":[188],"received.":[192],"This":[193],"explanation":[194],"challenged":[197],"putting":[202],"forth":[203],"argument":[205],"likely":[210],"stroke.":[232],"challenge":[234],"particularly":[235],"focused":[236],"one":[238],"which":[243,304],"had":[244],"concluded":[245],"was":[256,260],"It":[259],"authors":[264],"led":[271],"an":[273],"underestimation":[274],"risk.":[276],"We":[277],"argue":[278],"information":[281],"presented":[282],"does":[286,332],"support":[288,334],"authors'":[290],"claim":[291],"variety":[294],"reasons,":[296],"including":[297],"fact":[299,313],"assumptions":[302],"upon":[303],"their":[305],"analysis":[306],"based":[308],"lack":[309],"substantiation":[310],"any":[315],"possible":[316],"changed":[321],"conclusion":[323,360],"study":[326],"question.":[328],"CONCLUSION:":[329],"Current":[330],"evidence":[331],"notion":[336],"threatens":[339],"validity":[341],"VAD.":[352,371],"Hence,":[353],"re-analysis":[356],"cannot":[357],"refute":[358],"previous":[362],"cause":[369]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-11-11T00:00:00"}