{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2547728129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37136/2000-000-019-009","title":"\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629:, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627","display_name":"\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629:, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2547728129","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37136/2000-000-019-009","mag":"2547728129"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.37136/2000-000-019-009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37136/2000-000-019-009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37136/2000-000-019-009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306537669","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076177528","display_name":"\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118771824","display_name":"\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0642","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"279","last_page":"279"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14160","display_name":"Water management and technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14160","display_name":"Water management and technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13939","display_name":"Archaeology and Natural History","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13068","display_name":"Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roman-aqueducts","display_name":"Roman aqueducts","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-distribution-networks","display_name":"water distribution systems","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-irrigation-systems","display_name":"ancient irrigation","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roman-africa","display_name":"Roman North Africa","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roman-water-management","display_name":"Roman water management","score":0.44200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3490225076675415}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.37136/2000-000-019-009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.37136/2000-000-019-009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.37136/2000-000-019-009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306537669","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs2.172.16.122.123:article/1797","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://revues.univ-biskra.dz/index.php/fshs/article/view/1797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401679","display_name":"Sciences de l'Homme et de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 (Open Journal Systems)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"sciences of human and society; Vol. 19 (2016): SCIENCES DE L'HOMME ET DE LA SOCI\u00c9T\u00c9","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6618000268936157}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2283465573","https://openalex.org/W7006660681","https://openalex.org/W4408568815","https://openalex.org/W4390608085","https://openalex.org/W2491339890","https://openalex.org/W6912173896","https://openalex.org/W3164937857","https://openalex.org/W4413780068","https://openalex.org/W7216769905","https://openalex.org/W7217533767"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0623\u062c\u0645\u0639":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0646":[1],"\u0639\u0644\u0649":[2,60],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631":[4],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[5],"\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647":[6],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646":[7],"\u0641\u064a":[8,18,41,65],"\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644":[9],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a":[10],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c":[11],"\u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062f":[12],"\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0645":[13],"\u0628\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f":[14],"\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a":[15],"\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[16],"\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629":[17],"\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644":[19],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0627\u062a":[20],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[21,47,73],"\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627":[22],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[23],"\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645.":[24],"\u0628\u0645\u0627":[25],"\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627":[26],"\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629":[27],"\u0646\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627":[28],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[29,58],"\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637":[30],"\u0628\u0647\u0627":[31,75],"\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645":[32],"\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0628":[33],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u060c":[34],"\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644":[35],"\u0645\u0646":[36],"\u0623\u0647\u0645":[37],"\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645":[38],"\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645":[39],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629":[40,46],"\u0647\u0630\u0627":[42],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c":[43],"\u0646\u062c\u062f":[44],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629":[45],"\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641":[48],"\u0628\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629":[49],"\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0648":[50],"\u0623\u0648":[51],"\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629":[52],"\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0633\u060c":[53],"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627":[54],"\u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646":[55],"\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627":[56],"\u0648\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0647\u0627":[57],"\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f":[59],"\u062a\u062d\u062f":[61],"\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631":[62],"\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647":[63],"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621":[64],"\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629":[66],"\u0643\u0644":[67],"\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641":[68],"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629":[69],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629":[70],"\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649":[71],"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629":[72],"\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632":[74],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.":[76],"Abstract\u00a0:":[81],"Just":[84],"like":[85],"all":[86],"the":[87,92,95,98,121,143,151,163,193,200,220,223,226,228],"other":[88],"Algerian":[89],"oases":[90,122,133],"in":[91,165,172],"middle":[93],"of":[94,120,168,196,202,225],"Saharan":[96],"desert,":[97],"ziban":[99],"oasis":[100,164],"owes":[101],"its":[102,107],"survival":[103],"to":[104,189,199,216,219,232],"water":[105,145,191],"and":[106,115,153,212,235],"brilliant":[108],"ancient":[109],"irrigation":[110,218],"system.":[111],"The":[112,185,205],"diverse":[113],"heritage":[114],"complex":[116],"yet":[117],"fragile":[118],"structure":[119],"have":[123],"affected":[124],"their":[125],"evolution.":[126],"Constant":[127],"evolution":[128],"prevents":[129],"crisis":[130],"situations":[131],"making":[132],"quite":[134],"durable.":[135],"Their":[136],"production":[137],"system":[138],"depends":[139],"on":[140],"irrigation:":[141],"when":[142],"necessary":[144],"is":[146,213],"available,":[147],"agricultural":[148],"activities":[149],"flourish,":[150],"social":[152],"cultural":[154],"balance":[155],"improves":[156],"creating":[157],"a":[158,166,209],"dynamic":[159],"equilibrium":[160],"which":[161],"maintains":[162],"state":[167],"stability.":[169],"In":[170],"antiquity":[171],"this":[173],"region":[174,227],"an":[175],"impressive":[176],"70km":[177],"long":[178],"aqueduct":[179,186,206,229],"was":[180,187],"constructed":[181,188],"with":[182],"several":[183],"phases.":[184],"transfer":[190],"from":[192,208],"rich":[194],"springs":[195],"\u201cMountain":[197],"auresse":[198],"capital":[201],"''eastern":[203],"zab''":[204],"starts":[207],"river":[210],"malleguou":[211],"wisely":[214],"designed":[215],"provide":[217],"crops.":[221],"On":[222],"outskirts":[224],"branched":[230],"out":[231],"supply":[233],"fountains":[234],"reservoirs.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-11-11T00:00:00"}
