{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2545706262","doi":null,"title":"Exploring the Role of Problem-Based Learning in Developing Conflict Resolving and other Soft Skills - A Quasi-Experimental Study","display_name":"Exploring the Role of Problem-Based Learning in Developing Conflict Resolving and other Soft Skills - A Quasi-Experimental Study","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2545706262","mag":"2545706262"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.econjournals.com:article/2890","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/view/2890","pdf_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/download/2890/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764968517","display_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","issn_l":"2146-4405","issn":["2146-4405"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318345","host_organization_name":"EconJournals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318345"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EconJournals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2146-4405","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/download/2890/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018818411","display_name":"Sadia Deep","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2879-475X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2879-475X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","display_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadia Deep","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Tun Hussain Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Tun Hussain Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087266449","display_name":"Berhannudin Mohd Salleh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berhannudin Mohd Salleh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048442586","display_name":"Hussain Othman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-7257","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-7257"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussain Othman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-7257","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"apc_paid":{"value":300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":300},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22932503,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"738","last_page":"748"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11299","display_name":"Problem and Project Based Learning","score":0.9624000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11299","display_name":"Problem and Project Based Learning","score":0.9624000191688538,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14040","display_name":"Problem Solving Skills Development","score":0.015300000086426735,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11779","display_name":"Higher Education and Employability","score":0.008999999612569809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problem-based-learning","display_name":"problem-based learning","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conflict-resolution-skills","display_name":"conflict resolution skills","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-skills","display_name":"soft skills","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-training","display_name":"employee training","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skill-development","display_name":"skill development","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-perceptions","display_name":"employee perceptions","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-organizations","display_name":"development institutions","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamabad","display_name":"Islamabad","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peshawar","display_name":"Peshawar","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43075056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15910354","display_name":"Soft skills","level":2,"score":0.7678501605987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6089156866073608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.5960965752601624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5842016935348511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.523595929145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4173489212989807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3537728190422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3416574001312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3271424174308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.28318941593170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.23775339126586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14763039350509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11670362949371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.07542815804481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.econjournals.com:article/2890","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/view/2890","pdf_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/download/2890/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764968517","display_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","issn_l":"2146-4405","issn":["2146-4405"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318345","host_organization_name":"EconJournals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318345"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EconJournals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2146-4405","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eco:journ3:2016-04-13","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/download/2890/pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/download/2890/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/355685","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/irmm/article/355685","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/irmm/issue/32102/355685","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:2545706262","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/a/eco/journ3/2016-04-13.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764968517","display_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","issn_l":"2146-4405","issn":["2146-4405"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318345","host_organization_name":"EconJournals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318345"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EconJournals"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.gov.tr:article/355685","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dergipark.gov.tr/irmm/issue/32102/355685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\\n Cilt: 6 Say\u0131: 4; Volume: 6, Issue: 4\\n 738-748\\n \\n","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2578160700e5441694b23050b872198e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2578160700e5441694b23050b872198e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing, Vol 6, Iss 4 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:325fda12a7bb47cd9210dbb09761d991","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/325fda12a7bb47cd9210dbb09761d991","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing, Vol 6, Iss 4 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7b22ff389e8945eeacf8e187858d643a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7b22ff389e8945eeacf8e187858d643a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing, Vol 6, Iss 4 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b343be3ce00a4ae7b01777e6ff76d995","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b343be3ce00a4ae7b01777e6ff76d995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing, Vol 6, Iss 4, Pp 738-748 (2016)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oai.econjournals.com:article/2890","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/view/2890","pdf_url":"https://econjournals.com/index.php/irmm/article/download/2890/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764968517","display_name":"International Review of Management and Marketing","issn_l":"2146-4405","issn":["2146-4405"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318345","host_organization_name":"EconJournals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318345"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["EconJournals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2146-4405","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7567999958992004},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6452000141143799}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310112","display_name":"Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2545706262.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2545706262.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93778668","https://openalex.org/W1483115725","https://openalex.org/W1516534262","https://openalex.org/W1524923394","https://openalex.org/W1714723801","https://openalex.org/W1979770022","https://openalex.org/W1983552502","https://openalex.org/W2000656295","https://openalex.org/W2004427887","https://openalex.org/W2007030622","https://openalex.org/W2020138020","https://openalex.org/W2026137939","https://openalex.org/W2034033612","https://openalex.org/W2081913955","https://openalex.org/W2117405980","https://openalex.org/W2118148578","https://openalex.org/W2125374885","https://openalex.org/W2136431452","https://openalex.org/W2143742777","https://openalex.org/W2155595349","https://openalex.org/W2156075891","https://openalex.org/W2248562466","https://openalex.org/W2283576115","https://openalex.org/W2291500001","https://openalex.org/W2293666304","https://openalex.org/W2335239242","https://openalex.org/W3082092866","https://openalex.org/W3122057129","https://openalex.org/W3124276449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7052533704","https://openalex.org/W4239011667","https://openalex.org/W3117797378","https://openalex.org/W3006545692","https://openalex.org/W3081140913","https://openalex.org/W2942729612","https://openalex.org/W3011397247","https://openalex.org/W2899535652","https://openalex.org/W4412085281","https://openalex.org/W2344449746"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Problem-based":[0,148],"learning":[1],"is":[2],"widely":[3],"regarded":[4],"as":[5,99],"a":[6],"successful":[7],"and":[8,31,46,75,94,106,110,141],"innovative":[9],"method":[10,52],"of":[11,29,35,48,77,92,102,134],"instruction":[12],"for":[13,57,62],"skills":[14,45,140,144],"development":[15,87],"in":[16,96,123,136,145],"the":[17,27,33,43,58,60,63,68,78,85,90,100,103,116,119,131],"recent":[18],"decades.":[19],"This":[20],"empirical":[21],"study":[22,64,129],"therefore,":[23,65],"intends":[24],"to":[25,84],"explore":[26],"perception":[28],"employees":[30,82,156],"assess":[32],"impact":[34],"three":[36,86],"days":[37],"PBL":[38,135],"approach":[39,54],"based":[40,73],"training":[41,79],"on":[42],"soft":[44,143,152],"traits":[47],"employees.":[49,146],"A":[50],"mixed":[51],"research":[53],"was":[55,121],"used":[56],"study;":[59],"data":[61,117],"emerged":[66],"from":[67,89,118,127],"semi-structured":[69],"interviews,":[70],"53":[71],"items":[72],"survey,":[74],"observation":[76,107],"process.":[80],"The":[81,125],"belonging":[83],"organizations":[88],"area":[91],"Islamabad":[93],"Peshawar":[95],"Pakistan":[97],"served":[98],"sample":[101],"study.":[104],"Interviews":[105],"were":[108],"transcribed":[109],"analyzed":[111],"through":[112],"thematic":[113],"analysis":[114],"while":[115],"survey":[120],"processed":[122],"SPSS.":[124],"Findings":[126],"this":[128],"reveal":[130],"significant":[132],"role":[133],"generating":[137],"conflict":[138],"resolving":[139],"other":[142],"Keywords:":[147],"learning,":[149],"Skill":[150],"development,":[151],"skills,":[153],"traits,":[154],"workplace,":[155],"JEL":[157],"Classifications:":[158],"I2,":[159],"P36":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-11-04T00:00:00"}
