{"id":"https://openalex.org/W254394372","doi":null,"title":"Monetary policy implementation: past, present, and future \u2013 will the advent of electronic money lead to the demise of central banking","display_name":"Monetary policy implementation: past, present, and future \u2013 will the advent of electronic money lead to the demise of central banking","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W254394372","mag":"254394372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.196.2602","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.196.2602","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.worldbank.org/research/interest/confs/upcoming/papersjuly11/freedman.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"C. Freedman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Freedman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9294,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95500414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10007","display_name":"Monetary Policy and Economic Impact","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12137","display_name":"Economic theories and models","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-policy-transmission","display_name":"monetary policy transmission","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-banking","display_name":"central banking","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-money","display_name":"electronic money","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interest-rates","display_name":"interest rates","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exchange-rates","display_name":"exchange rates","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflation","display_name":"inflation","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monetary-policy-implementation","display_name":"monetary policy implementation","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-bank-role","display_name":"central bank role","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777720223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255430","display_name":"Demise","level":2,"score":0.9363181591033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508345","display_name":"Lead (geology)","level":2,"score":0.7113306522369385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4602815508842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126285488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178476","display_name":"Monetary policy","level":2,"score":0.4363419711589813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4188712537288666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.2866308093070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1923981010913849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1256571114063263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.06762740015983582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.196.2602","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.196.2602","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.worldbank.org/research/interest/confs/upcoming/papersjuly11/freedman.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45493939","https://openalex.org/W1485033003","https://openalex.org/W1496653668","https://openalex.org/W1543568231","https://openalex.org/W1581035432","https://openalex.org/W1584424300","https://openalex.org/W1607246513","https://openalex.org/W2040650537","https://openalex.org/W2145885048","https://openalex.org/W2889656904","https://openalex.org/W3124808525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097200696","https://openalex.org/W1523888214","https://openalex.org/W1540227795","https://openalex.org/W7073994866","https://openalex.org/W2373569808","https://openalex.org/W1779901075","https://openalex.org/W7096271854","https://openalex.org/W3125025546","https://openalex.org/W2586864355","https://openalex.org/W7096963659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"transmission":[1],"mechanism":[2],"of":[3,23,29],"monetary":[4],"policy,":[5],"which":[6],"traces":[7],"the":[8,35,39,47],"various":[9,40],"linkages":[10],"from":[11],"central":[12],"bank":[13],"actions":[14],"to":[15,38,54],"spending":[16],"and":[17],"inflation,":[18],"involves":[19],"a":[20,26],"complex":[21],"set":[22],"relationships.":[24],"While":[25],"great":[27],"deal":[28],"attention":[30],"has":[31],"been":[32],"paid":[33],"in":[34,50],"economics":[36],"literature":[37],"elements":[41],"that":[42],"link":[43],"interest":[44],"rates":[45],"(and":[46],"exchange":[48],"rate":[49],"an":[51],"open":[52],"economy)":[53]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2025-10-27T00:00:00"}