{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2542827768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19970455","title":"Broadband and gain-flattened amplifier composedof a 1.55 \u00b5m-band and a 1.58 \u00b5m-band Er 3+ -doped fibre amplifierin a parallel configuration","display_name":"Broadband and gain-flattened amplifier composedof a 1.55 \u00b5m-band and a 1.58 \u00b5m-band Er 3+ -doped fibre amplifierin a parallel configuration","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2542827768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19970455","mag":"2542827768"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1049/el:19970455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19970455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19970455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149016011","display_name":"Electronics Letters","issn_l":"0013-5194","issn":["0013-5194","1350-911X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101714933","display_name":"Makoto Yamada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-2947","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2619-2947"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Yamada","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102003030","display_name":"Hirotaka Ono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3677-5863","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3677-5863"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Ono","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111799302","display_name":"T. Kanamori","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Kanamori","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111756917","display_name":"S. Sudo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Sudo","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045366934","display_name":"Yasutake Ohishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-1189","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-1189"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Ohishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Opto-electronics Laboratories, 162, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.1544,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":199,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99772453,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"8","first_page":"710","last_page":"711"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erbium-doped-fiber-amplifier","display_name":"erbium-doped fiber amplifier","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gain-flattening","display_name":"gain flattening","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadband-amplification","display_name":"broadband amplification","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-division-multiplexing","display_name":"wavelength division multiplexing","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1-55-mum-band","display_name":"1.55 \u03bcm band","score":0.9089999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101649071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359305","display_name":"Optical amplifier","level":3,"score":0.7051354646682739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.6457255482673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.6441735029220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6239711046218872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5846269130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.5657619833946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5639436841011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.5302260518074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5001671314239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.47325971722602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183093025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5515158","display_name":"G band","level":3,"score":0.42829203605651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133969743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2362353","display_name":"L band","level":2,"score":0.427262544631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.41546061635017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.28824928402900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19484195113182068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.08791148662567139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.08269926905632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07640740275382996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1049/el:19970455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19970455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19970455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S149016011","display_name":"Electronics Letters","issn_l":"0013-5194","issn":["0013-5194","1350-911X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311714","host_organization_name":"Institution of Engineering and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311714"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institution of Engineering and Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Electronics Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W918308631","https://openalex.org/W958323748","https://openalex.org/W1986224665","https://openalex.org/W2109799600","https://openalex.org/W2134879075"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050560594","https://openalex.org/W2324700893","https://openalex.org/W2046602840","https://openalex.org/W2245266094","https://openalex.org/W2140912366","https://openalex.org/W2006950129","https://openalex.org/W2152668919","https://openalex.org/W2216573908","https://openalex.org/W2984977372","https://openalex.org/W1970873385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"authors":[1],"construct":[2],"a":[3,12,29,34,39,58,65],"broadband":[4],"and":[5,33,51,64],"gain-flattened":[6],"Er3+-doped":[7],"fibre":[8],"amplifier":[9],"(EDFA)":[10],"with":[11,57],"flat":[13,43],"amplification":[14,44],"bandwidth":[15],"of":[16,61,68],"54":[17],"nm":[18,50,53],"for":[19,48],"wavelength":[20,55],"division":[21],"multiplexed":[22],"signals.":[23],"This":[24],"was":[25],"achieved":[26],"by":[27],"employing":[28],"1.58":[30],"\u00b5m-band":[31,36],"EDFA":[32,37],"1.55":[35],"in":[38],"parallel":[40],"configuration.":[41],"Excellent":[42],"characteristics":[45],"were":[46],"obtained":[47],"1530\u20131560":[49],"1576\u20131600":[52],"signal":[54,66],"regions,":[56],"gain":[59,67],"non-uniformity":[60],"<1.7":[62],"dB":[63],"30":[69],"dB.":[70]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-11-04T00:00:00"}
