{"id":"https://openalex.org/W25360645","doi":null,"title":"Erythropoietin use and abuse: When physiology and pharmacology collide.","display_name":"Erythropoietin use and abuse: When physiology and pharmacology collide.","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W25360645","mag":"25360645","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11950139"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:11950139","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11950139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017159299","display_name":"Jerry L. Spivak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0169-5388","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0169-5388"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J L Spivak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017159299"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3968,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80488761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"502","issue":null,"first_page":"207","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11534","display_name":"Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11534","display_name":"Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12700","display_name":"Doping in Sports","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12255","display_name":"Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erythropoietin","display_name":"erythropoietin","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-enhancing-drugs","display_name":"performance-enhancing drugs","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/athletes","display_name":"athletes","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doping-detection","display_name":"doping detection","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soluble-transferrin-receptor","display_name":"soluble transferrin receptor","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reticulocyte-count","display_name":"reticulocyte count","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hematocrit","display_name":"hematocrit","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-viscosity","display_name":"blood viscosity","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombotic-risk","display_name":"thrombosis risk","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anemia","display_name":"anemia","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erythropoiesis","display_name":"erythropoiesis","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine-analysis","display_name":"urine analysis","score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endurance-training","display_name":"endurance training","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-blood-flow","display_name":"cerebral blood flow","score":0.9629999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778534260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218706","display_name":"Erythropoietin","level":2,"score":0.8910638689994812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780959883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111146","display_name":"Hematocrit","level":2,"score":0.7884080410003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6462790369987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779703530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837174","display_name":"Erythropoiesis","level":3,"score":0.5484134554862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777208419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4347672","display_name":"Red Cell","level":2,"score":0.4796331524848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778248108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5445","display_name":"Anemia","level":2,"score":0.4603452682495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776557347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37187","display_name":"Red blood cell","level":2,"score":0.4284174144268036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.4273325204849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4235541820526123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994203641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5712543","display_name":"Blood viscosity","level":2,"score":0.41116997599601746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.39973223209381104}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001803","descriptor_name":"Blood Transfusion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004300","descriptor_name":"Doping in Sports","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004921","descriptor_name":"Erythropoietin","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004921","descriptor_name":"Erythropoietin","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004921","descriptor_name":"Erythropoietin","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006402","descriptor_name":"Hematologic Diseases","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011994","descriptor_name":"Recombinant Proteins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:11950139","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11950139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:25360645","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11950139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155597915","https://openalex.org/W2060759337","https://openalex.org/W7047081558","https://openalex.org/W145953865","https://openalex.org/W7098815170","https://openalex.org/W1993503257","https://openalex.org/W2075721470","https://openalex.org/W2149055995","https://openalex.org/W18830099","https://openalex.org/W2085768720"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"major":[1],"function":[2,18,101],"of":[3,52,72,122,147,237,239,260,278,291,315,319,342,345,356,374],"the":[4,11,14,21,39,79,111,117,123,148,167,183,189,201,204,235,253,258,272,282,288,353,357,368],"erythrocyte":[5],"is":[6,38,102,131,144,152,178,187,222,268],"to":[7,13,30,164,169,349,366,372],"transport":[8],"oxygen":[9,34,74],"from":[10],"lungs":[12],"other":[15],"tissues,":[16],"a":[17,50,134,156,243,265,303,313],"ensured":[19],"by":[20,62,127,206,299],"glycoprotein":[22],"hormone":[23],"erythropoietin":[24,45,107,130,176,220,263,296,308,377],"which":[25],"couples":[26],"red":[27,112,124,149,246],"cell":[28,67,113,125,150,247],"production":[29,46],"long":[31],"term":[32],"tissue":[33],"requirements.":[35],"Tissue":[36],"hypoxia":[37],"only":[40],"physiological":[41],"mechanism":[42],"for":[43,54,191,226,306,338,378],"increasing":[44],"but":[47,97],"there":[48],"are":[49,234,297],"variety":[51],"mechanisms":[53],"its":[55,73,232,362],"down":[56],"regulation":[57],"including":[58],"hyperoxia,":[59],"increased":[60],"catabolism":[61],"an":[63,223,250,335],"expanded":[64],"erythroid":[65],"progenitor":[66],"pool,":[68],"blood":[69,160,196,208,228,255,317],"hyperviscosity":[70],"independently":[71],"content,":[75],"renal":[76],"disease":[77],"and":[78,85,93,115,139,217,276,293,331],"cytokines":[80],"produced":[81],"in":[82,91,136,140,158,171,214,245,252,271,281,287],"inflammatory,":[83],"infectious":[84],"neoplastic":[86],"disorders.":[87],"Erythropoietin":[88],"lack":[89],"results":[90],"severe":[92],"often":[94],"transfusion-dependent":[95],"anemia":[96],"if":[98],"bone":[99],"marrow":[100],"otherwise":[103],"normal,":[104],"recombinant":[105,128,174,218,261,294,375],"human":[106,129,175,219,262,295,376],"therapy":[108,177],"can":[109,210],"restore":[110],"mass":[114,126,151,248],"alleviate":[116],"transfusion":[118],"need.":[119],"However,":[120,181,230,359],"elevation":[121],"associated":[132,154],"with":[133,155,200],"reduction":[135,157],"plasma":[137],"volume":[138],"some":[141],"patients,":[142,173],"hypertension":[143],"induced.":[145],"Elevation":[146],"also":[153],"cerebral":[159],"flow.":[161],"When":[162],"used":[163],"gradually":[165],"elevate":[166],"hematocrit":[168,185,205,330],"36%":[170],"anemic":[172],"usually":[179],"uneventful.":[180],"when":[182],"normal":[184],"level":[186],"exceeded,":[188],"risk":[190],"thrombotic":[192],"events":[193],"increases":[194],"since":[195],"viscosity":[197],"varies":[198],"exponentially":[199],"hematocrit.":[202],"Increasing":[203],"autologous":[207,227],"transfusions":[209],"enhance":[211],"athletic":[212],"performance":[213],"fit":[215,274],"individuals":[216],"administration":[221],"obvious":[224],"surrogate":[225,316],"transfusions.":[229],"paradoxically,":[231],"effects":[233],"opposite":[236],"those":[238],"endurance":[240],"training,":[241],"namely":[242],"change":[244],"without":[249],"increase":[251],"total":[254],"volume.":[256],"Thus,":[257],"use":[259],"as":[264,323],"performance-enhancing":[266],"agent":[267],"dangerous,":[269],"particularly":[270],"less":[273],"athlete,":[275],"probably":[277],"little":[279],"benefit":[280],"highly":[283],"conditioned":[284],"one.":[285],"Differences":[286],"carbohydrate":[289],"content":[290],"native":[292],"identifiable":[298],"isoelectric":[300],"focusing,":[301],"providing":[302],"direct":[304],"means":[305,337],"detecting":[307],"abuse":[309,373],"using":[310],"urine":[311],"specimens;":[312],"panel":[314],"markers":[318],"enhanced":[320],"erythropoiesis":[321],"such":[322],"soluble":[324],"transferrin":[325],"receptors,":[326],"serum":[327],"erythropoietin,":[328],"reticulocyte":[329],"percent":[332],"macrocytes":[333],"provide":[334],"indirect":[336],"this":[339],"purpose.":[340],"Timing":[341],"surveillance":[343],"is,":[344],"course,":[346],"critical":[347],"due":[348],"biological":[350],"limitations":[351],"on":[352],"physical":[354],"presence":[355],"hormone.":[358],"education":[360],"about":[361],"dangers":[363],"may":[364],"prove":[365],"be":[367],"most":[369],"valuable":[370],"solution":[371],"competitive":[379],"advantage.":[380]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
