{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2531759401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","title":"Long\u2010term Use of Z\u2010Hypnotics and Co\u2010medication with Benzodiazepines and Opioids","display_name":"Long\u2010term Use of Z\u2010Hypnotics and Co\u2010medication with Benzodiazepines and Opioids","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2531759401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","mag":"2531759401","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27717229"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/bcpt.12684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcpt.12684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44074210","display_name":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology","issn_l":"1742-7835","issn":["1742-7835","1742-7843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcpt.12684","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089038528","display_name":"Solveig Sakshaug","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333353642","display_name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/046nvst19","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642","https://openalex.org/I4210149801","https://openalex.org/I4210163359"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Solveig Sakshaug","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069805530","display_name":"Marte Handal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1773-0184","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1773-0184"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333353642","display_name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/046nvst19","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642","https://openalex.org/I4210149801","https://openalex.org/I4210163359"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marte Handal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078899961","display_name":"Vidar Hjellvik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-9906","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-9906"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333353642","display_name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/046nvst19","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642","https://openalex.org/I4210149801","https://openalex.org/I4210163359"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vidar Hjellvik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007251119","display_name":"Christian Berg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0539-7081","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0539-7081"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333353642","display_name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/046nvst19","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642","https://openalex.org/I4210149801","https://openalex.org/I4210163359"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Berg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111859701","display_name":"\u00c5se Ripel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333353642","display_name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/046nvst19","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642","https://openalex.org/I4210149801","https://openalex.org/I4210163359"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c5se Ripel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013926477","display_name":"Ingebj\u00f8rg Gustavsen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281400175","display_name":"Oslo University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9c2840","country_code":"NO","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ingebj\u00f8rg Gustavsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281400175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062686223","display_name":"J\u00f8rg Gustav M\u00f8rland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7350-8778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7350-8778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333353642","display_name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/046nvst19","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642","https://openalex.org/I4210149801","https://openalex.org/I4210163359"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f8rg M\u00f8rland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006464726","display_name":"Svetlana Ondrasova Skurtveit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-9701","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-9701"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333353642","display_name":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/046nvst19","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642","https://openalex.org/I4210149801","https://openalex.org/I4210163359"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Svetlana Skurtveit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089038528"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333353642"],"apc_list":{"value":4650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.87,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88513818,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"120","issue":"3","first_page":"292","last_page":"298"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9398999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.9398999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":0.03700000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10576","display_name":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/z-drugs","display_name":"Z-drugs","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benzodiazepines","display_name":"benzodiazepines","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioids","display_name":"opioids","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insomnia-treatment","display_name":"insomnia treatment","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-hypnotic-use","display_name":"long-term hypnotic use","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concomitant-medications","display_name":"concomitant medications","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-intensity","display_name":"treatment intensity","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-interactions","display_name":"drug interactions","score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-and-sex-differences","display_name":"age and sex differences","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7936595678329468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.7041505575180054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778173252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83871","display_name":"Benzodiazepine","level":3,"score":0.6775929927825928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63428231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9043","display_name":"Norwegian","level":2,"score":0.5894830822944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777123777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218842","display_name":"Zolpidem","level":3,"score":0.5563661456108093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5251959562301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780930544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62962","display_name":"Hypnotic","level":2,"score":0.49779701232910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781210498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1869874","display_name":"Insomnia","level":2,"score":0.38519397377967834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.35270652174949646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.28237104415893555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2794615626335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2535583972930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.1565675139427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000701","descriptor_name":"Analgesics, Opioid","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000701","descriptor_name":"Analgesics, Opioid","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001569","descriptor_name":"Benzodiazepines","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004363","descriptor_name":"Drug Utilization","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006993","descriptor_name":"Hypnotics and Sedatives","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006993","descriptor_name":"Hypnotics and Sedatives","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007319","descriptor_name":"Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009664","descriptor_name":"Norway","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011307","descriptor_name":"Drug Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/bcpt.12684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcpt.12684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44074210","display_name":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology","issn_l":"1742-7835","issn":["1742-7835","1742-7843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:27717229","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27717229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/bcpt.12684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12684","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/bcpt.12684","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44074210","display_name":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology","issn_l":"1742-7835","issn":["1742-7835","1742-7843"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2531759401.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2531759401.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80554807","https://openalex.org/W1525162732","https://openalex.org/W1526225438","https://openalex.org/W1831669741","https://openalex.org/W1837742065","https://openalex.org/W1948003901","https://openalex.org/W1994086430","https://openalex.org/W2017231357","https://openalex.org/W2023858456","https://openalex.org/W2024915071","https://openalex.org/W2035857838","https://openalex.org/W2042578688","https://openalex.org/W2044243730","https://openalex.org/W2047013630","https://openalex.org/W2049623777","https://openalex.org/W2057713023","https://openalex.org/W2064359278","https://openalex.org/W2066580767","https://openalex.org/W2082749890","https://openalex.org/W2085801833","https://openalex.org/W2086252261","https://openalex.org/W2096266503","https://openalex.org/W2098629609","https://openalex.org/W2100480708","https://openalex.org/W2111120558","https://openalex.org/W2115344972","https://openalex.org/W2116289594","https://openalex.org/W2142973784","https://openalex.org/W2147264850","https://openalex.org/W2159480936","https://openalex.org/W2160984931","https://openalex.org/W2162698906","https://openalex.org/W2164131755","https://openalex.org/W2322484035","https://openalex.org/W2418812921"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886495679","https://openalex.org/W2319932401","https://openalex.org/W2904964518","https://openalex.org/W4401802637","https://openalex.org/W2414897535","https://openalex.org/W2004443671","https://openalex.org/W2888684935","https://openalex.org/W2096266503","https://openalex.org/W2172294665","https://openalex.org/W2085801833"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Benzodiazepine-like":[0],"drugs":[1,8,232],"(z-hypnotics)":[2],"are":[3,16],"the":[4,29,34,62,88,113,123,131,154,160,185,191,199,236],"most":[5],"commonly":[6],"used":[7,197,204],"for":[9,18,104,224],"treatment":[10,20,47,155,215],"of":[11,31,87,95,112,120,135,147,167,190,195,213],"insomnia":[12],"in":[13,33,37,44,55,68,85,137,174,184],"Norway.":[14],"Z-hypnotics":[15],"recommended":[17],"short-term":[19],"not":[21],"exceeding":[22],"4":[23],"weeks.":[24],"We":[25],"aimed":[26],"to":[27],"study":[28],"use":[30,43,76],"z-hypnotics":[32,121,136,142,196],"adult":[35],"population":[36,114],"Norway":[38],"with":[39,51,163,208,211,231],"focus":[40],"on":[41],"recurrent":[42,152,193],"new":[45,80,133],"users,":[46,153],"intensity":[48,156],"and":[49,53,98,106,122,169,176,202,229,239],"co-medication":[50,209],"benzodiazepines":[52,198],"opioids":[54],"long-term":[56,151,192],"users.":[57],"Data":[58],"were":[59,70,101,182,242],"obtained":[60],"from":[61],"Norwegian":[63],"Prescription":[64],"Database.":[65],"New":[66],"users":[67,134,194,220],"2009":[69],"followed":[71],"through":[72],"2013.":[73],"Recurrent":[74],"z-hypnotic":[75,214,219],"was":[77,125,157],"defined":[78],"as":[79],"fillings":[81],"at":[82,116],"least":[83,117],"once":[84],"each":[86],"four":[89,144],"365-day":[90,145],"follow-up":[91],"periods.":[92],"Age":[93],"groups":[94],"18-39,":[96],"40-64":[97],"65+":[99],"years":[100],"analysed":[102],"separately":[103],"men":[105,175],"women.":[107],"In":[108,149],"2013,":[109],"354,571":[110],"(8.9%)":[111],"filled":[115],"one":[118],"prescription":[119],"prevalence":[124],"relatively":[126],"stable":[127],"over":[128],"time.":[129],"Among":[130],"92,911":[132],"2009,":[138],"13,996":[139],"(16.8%)":[140],"received":[141],"all":[143],"periods":[146,226],"follow-up.":[148],"these":[150],"high":[158],"already":[159],"second":[161],"year,":[162],"mean":[164],"annual":[165],"amounts":[166],"199":[168],"169":[170],"DDDs":[171],"per":[172],"patient":[173],"women,":[177],"respectively.":[178],"The":[179,206],"interquartile":[180],"differences":[181],"greatest":[183],"youngest":[186],"age":[187],"group.":[188],"27.9%":[189],"fourth":[200],"year":[201],"33.9%":[203],"opioids.":[205],"proportions":[207],"increased":[210],"level":[212],"intensity.":[216],"Overall,":[217],"many":[218],"had":[221],"medicines":[222],"dispensed":[223],"longer":[225],"than":[227],"recommended,":[228],"co-medications":[230],"that":[233],"may":[234],"reinforce":[235],"central":[237],"depressing":[238],"intoxicating":[240],"effects":[241],"common.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-10-21T00:00:00"}