{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2521799136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","title":"Cold flow simulation of an internal combustion engine with vertical valves using layering approach","display_name":"Cold flow simulation of an internal combustion engine with vertical valves using layering approach","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2521799136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","mag":"2521799136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/95/1/012043/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189194","display_name":"IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1757-8981","issn":["1757-8981","1757-899X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/95/1/012043/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023932467","display_name":"George Martinas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G Martinas","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERONAV, 69 A Pescarilor Str. 900581, Constanta, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERONAV, 69 A Pescarilor Str. 900581, Constanta, Romania","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110366456","display_name":"Ovidiu Sorin Cupsa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O S Cupsa","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERONAV, 69 A Pescarilor Str. 900581, Constanta, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERONAV, 69 A Pescarilor Str. 900581, Constanta, Romania","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014006795","display_name":"Liviu-Constantin Stan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4806-544X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4806-544X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140482","display_name":"Constanta Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xay8k75","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140482"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L C Stan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime University of Constanta, 104 Mircea cel Batran Str., Constanta, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime University of Constanta, 104 Mircea cel Batran Str., Constanta, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140482"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089043524","display_name":"Arsenie Andreea","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140482","display_name":"Constanta Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xay8k75","country_code":"RO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140482"]}],"countries":["RO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Arsenie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime University of Constanta, 104 Mircea cel Batran Str., Constanta, Romania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime University of Constanta, 104 Mircea cel Batran Str., Constanta, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023932467"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7372,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79824561,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"95","issue":null,"first_page":"012043","last_page":"012043"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13990","display_name":"Engine and Fuel Emissions","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10173","display_name":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-flow-simulation","display_name":"cold flow simulation","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-combustion-engines","display_name":"internal combustion engines","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diesel-engines","display_name":"diesel engines","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piston-bowl","display_name":"piston bowl","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-cylinder-flow","display_name":"in-cylinder flow","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustor","display_name":"combustion chamber","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-turbulence","display_name":"atmospheric turbulence","score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-pressure","display_name":"relative pressure","score":0.4309999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199524791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7198512","display_name":"Piston (optics)","level":3,"score":0.7772253751754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1633027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.5727031826972961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5697556138038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203311528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34132","display_name":"Cylinder","level":2,"score":0.5467695593833923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511840579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757","display_name":"Internal combustion engine","level":2,"score":0.5306407809257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.4844684600830078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4726739823818207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.4721301198005676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4708620607852936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38414747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824163","display_name":"Volumetric efficiency","level":2,"score":0.4700447618961334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80380853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4176968","display_name":"Valve timing","level":3,"score":0.44119778275489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.44053274393081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103206924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285028","display_name":"Exhaust gas recirculation","level":3,"score":0.4379868805408478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45882903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5042317","display_name":"Fuel efficiency","level":2,"score":0.434123694896698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106169591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909434","display_name":"Combustion chamber","level":3,"score":0.4242748022079468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23795335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790295","display_name":"Suction","level":2,"score":0.4143611490726471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3100144863128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10207134485244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09186747670173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165699331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533","display_name":"Wavefront","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/95/1/012043/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189194","display_name":"IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1757-8981","issn":["1757-8981","1757-899X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/95/1/012043","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/95/1/012043/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210189194","display_name":"IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering","issn_l":"1757-8981","issn":["1757-8981","1757-899X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2521799136.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2521799136.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W122580466","https://openalex.org/W1985101974","https://openalex.org/W1996291052","https://openalex.org/W2048872817","https://openalex.org/W2125551194","https://openalex.org/W2143332117","https://openalex.org/W2227114241","https://openalex.org/W2276324811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2967974682","https://openalex.org/W2358882179","https://openalex.org/W7098179683","https://openalex.org/W3211001506","https://openalex.org/W17906228","https://openalex.org/W3159885832","https://openalex.org/W7029181668","https://openalex.org/W3173080884","https://openalex.org/W2127816028","https://openalex.org/W365729037"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Complying":[0],"with":[1,29],"emission":[2,104],"requirements":[3],"and":[4,25,37,40,68,103,121,129,153,199,242,267],"fuel":[5],"consumption":[6],"efficiency":[7],"are":[8],"the":[9,21,52,89,95,100,117,123,127,130,136,145,150,156,159,162,165,170,176,184,197,200,210,229,234,237,243,246,250,254,261,268],"points":[10],"which":[11,98],"drive":[12],"any":[13],"development":[14],"of":[15,20,23,73,94,105,119,147,158,164,169,194,202,236,245,253,263],"internal":[16],"combustion":[17,24,131,151],"engine.":[18],"Refinement":[19],"process":[22,118,141],"mixture":[26],"formation,":[27],"together":[28],"in-cylinder":[30],"flow":[31,76,111,125],"refinement,":[32],"is":[33,46,59,92,115,134,179,215,240,248,280],"a":[34,180,187,191,203,224],"requirement,":[35],"valves":[36],"piston":[38,247,272],"bowl":[39],"intake":[41,90],"exhaust":[42],"port":[43,239,265],"design":[44,55],"optimization":[45,56,140,218,285],"essential.":[47],"In":[48],"order":[49,207],"to":[50,82,143,154,208,271],"reduce":[51,209],"time":[53,66],"for":[54,138,186,217,283],"cycle":[57],"it":[58],"used":[60],"Computational":[61],"Fluid":[62],"Dynamics":[63],"(CFD).":[64],"Being":[65],"consuming":[67],"highly":[69],"costly":[70],"caring":[71],"out":[72],"experiment":[74],"using":[75],"bench":[77],"testing":[78],"this":[79],"methods":[80],"start":[81],"become":[83],"less":[84],"utilized.":[85],"Air":[86],"motion":[87],"inside":[88,126],"manifold":[91],"one":[93],"important":[96],"factors,":[97],"govern":[99],"engine":[101],"performance":[102],"multi-cylinder":[106],"diesel":[107],"engines.":[108],"Any":[109],"cold":[110],"study":[112],"on":[113],"IC":[114],"targeting":[116,142],"identifying":[120],"improving":[122],"fluid":[124],"ports":[128],"chamber.":[132],"This":[133],"only":[135],"base":[137],"an":[139],"increase":[144,155],"volume":[146],"air":[148,160,195],"accessing":[149],"space":[152],"turbulence":[157],"at":[161],"end":[163],"compression":[166],"stage.":[167],"One":[168],"first":[171],"conclusions":[172],"will":[173,256,274],"be":[174,257,275],"that":[175,260],"valve":[177],"diameter":[178,189,205,244],"fine":[181],"tradeoff":[182],"between":[183],"need":[185,201],"bigger":[188],"involving":[190],"greater":[192],"mass":[193],"filling":[196],"cylinder,":[198],"smaller":[204,258],"in":[206],"blind":[211],"zone.":[212],"Here":[213,277],"there":[214,279],"room":[216,282],"studies.":[219,286],"The":[220,232],"relative":[221],"pressure":[222,266,269],"indicates":[223],"suction":[225],"effect":[226],"coming":[227],"from":[228],"moving":[230],"piston.":[231],"more":[233,284],"shape":[235],"inlet":[238,264],"smoother":[241],"bigger,":[249],"aerodynamic":[251],"resistance":[252],"geometry":[255],"so":[259],"difference":[262],"near":[270],"face":[273],"smaller.":[276],"again":[278],"enough":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-09-30T00:00:00"}
