{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2519945935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","title":"The Psychological Characteristics of Performance Under Pressure in Professional Rugby Union Referees","display_name":"The Psychological Characteristics of Performance Under Pressure in Professional Rugby Union Referees","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2519945935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","mag":"2519945935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116921146","display_name":"The Sport Psychologist","issn_l":"0888-4781","issn":["0888-4781","1543-2793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Sport Psychologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_psychological_characteristics_of_performance_under_pressure_in_professional_Rugby_Union_referees/19213872","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051044801","display_name":"Denise M. Hill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-4048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8580-4048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denise M. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["1University of Portsmouth","University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1University of Portsmouth","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084374645","display_name":"Nic Matthews","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3027-6491","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3027-6491"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8408910","display_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bqvf857","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nic Matthews","raw_affiliation_strings":["2Cardiff Metropolitan University","Cardiff Metropolitan University, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Cardiff Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff Metropolitan University, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041710840","display_name":"Ruth Senior","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114203471","display_name":"University of Gloucestershire","ror":"https://ror.org/00wygct11","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114203471"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruth Senior","raw_affiliation_strings":["3University of Gloucestershire","University of Gloucestershire, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"3University of Gloucestershire","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114203471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gloucestershire, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114203471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5115,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93609787,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"4","first_page":"376","last_page":"387"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12704","display_name":"Stress and Burnout Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14085","display_name":"Student Stress and Coping","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-under-pressure","display_name":"performance under pressure","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-appraisal","display_name":"stress appraisal","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coping-strategies","display_name":"coping strategies","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avoidance-coping","display_name":"avoidance coping","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choking","display_name":"choking","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threat-appraisal","display_name":"threat appraisal","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impression-management","display_name":"impression management","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-training","display_name":"mental training","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elite-referees","display_name":"elite referees","score":0.5189999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779630263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19275831","display_name":"Choking","level":2,"score":0.8154761791229248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125370674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527480","display_name":"Stressor","level":2,"score":0.7907877564430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73282008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759895","display_name":"Coping (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.751290500164032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7356112003326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775987171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192797","display_name":"Elite","level":3,"score":0.5550956130027771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.5132336616516113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133753094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q632190","display_name":"Sport psychology","level":2,"score":0.46290290355682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.40276461839675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3823031485080719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10918265581130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.07979106903076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2015-0109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116921146","display_name":"The Sport Psychologist","issn_l":"0888-4781","issn":["0888-4781","1543-2793"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Sport Psychologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/19213872","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_psychological_characteristics_of_performance_under_pressure_in_professional_Rugby_Union_referees/19213872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.cardiffmet.ac.uk:10369/8796","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10369/8796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401326","display_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan Research Repository (Cardiff Metropolitan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8408910","host_organization_name":"Cardiff Metropolitan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8408910"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/19213872","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_psychological_characteristics_of_performance_under_pressure_in_professional_Rugby_Union_referees/19213872","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W16780305","https://openalex.org/W16788828","https://openalex.org/W71051685","https://openalex.org/W290788304","https://openalex.org/W292921938","https://openalex.org/W307044174","https://openalex.org/W343297209","https://openalex.org/W1581251935","https://openalex.org/W1699247647","https://openalex.org/W1702393969","https://openalex.org/W1972815155","https://openalex.org/W1975885750","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1996919571","https://openalex.org/W1997205407","https://openalex.org/W2014511615","https://openalex.org/W2015911825","https://openalex.org/W2029739346","https://openalex.org/W2031710940","https://openalex.org/W2039291015","https://openalex.org/W2051379739","https://openalex.org/W2056426808","https://openalex.org/W2059857480","https://openalex.org/W2064067616","https://openalex.org/W2065484048","https://openalex.org/W2077285136","https://openalex.org/W2082418060","https://openalex.org/W2085831365","https://openalex.org/W2087046071","https://openalex.org/W2090324834","https://openalex.org/W2093200718","https://openalex.org/W2093868966","https://openalex.org/W2101011337","https://openalex.org/W2114581138","https://openalex.org/W2115386292","https://openalex.org/W2122138245","https://openalex.org/W2129192234","https://openalex.org/W2132323987","https://openalex.org/W2134176017","https://openalex.org/W2142999685","https://openalex.org/W2154237620","https://openalex.org/W2162146841","https://openalex.org/W2165989850","https://openalex.org/W2212401464","https://openalex.org/W2478263407","https://openalex.org/W2893451940","https://openalex.org/W2936069350","https://openalex.org/W2942857139","https://openalex.org/W3145203442","https://openalex.org/W4256660613","https://openalex.org/W4320401193"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3203072719","https://openalex.org/W7061545019","https://openalex.org/W4320401193","https://openalex.org/W4308219916","https://openalex.org/W2105609179","https://openalex.org/W3093440405","https://openalex.org/W2273694702","https://openalex.org/W1574237645","https://openalex.org/W7164658742","https://openalex.org/W2141402704"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"used":[2],"qualitative":[3],"methods":[4],"to":[5,87,136],"explore":[6],"the":[7,34,65,104,110,138],"stressors,":[8,71],"appraisal":[9],"mechanism,":[10],"emotional":[11],"response,":[12],"and":[13,53,79,97,106,116,126,131],"effective/ineffective":[14],"coping":[15,99,124],"strategies":[16,100],"experienced":[17],"by":[18,93],"elite":[19],"rugby":[20,30,143],"union":[21,31,144],"referees":[22,32,66,84],"during":[23],"pressurized":[24],"performances.":[25],"Participants":[26],"included":[27],"seven":[28],"male":[29],"from":[33],"United":[35],"Kingdom":[36],"(Mage":[37],"=":[38,41,57,60],"27.85,":[39],"SD":[40,59],"4.56)":[42],"who":[43],"had":[44],"been":[45],"officiating":[46],"as":[47,76,122],"full-time":[48],"professionals":[49],"for":[50],"between":[51],"1":[52],"16":[54],"years":[55],"(M":[56],"4.85,":[58],"5.42).":[61],"Data":[62],"revealed":[63],"that":[64],"encountered":[67],"a":[68,77],"number":[69],"of":[70,112,142],"which":[72,101],"were":[73,85,120],"appraised":[74],"initially":[75],"\u2018threat\u2019,":[78],"elicited":[80],"negatively-toned":[81],"emotions.":[82,108],"The":[83],"able":[86],"maintain":[88],"performance":[89,130],"standards":[90],"under":[91],"pressure":[92],"adopting":[94],"proactive,":[95],"problem-":[96],"emotion-focused":[98],"managed":[102],"effectively":[103],"stressors":[105],"their":[107],"However,":[109],"use":[111],"avoidance-coping,":[113],"reactive":[114],"control,":[115],"informal":[117],"impression":[118],"management":[119],"perceived":[121],"ineffective":[123],"strategies,":[125],"associated":[127],"with":[128],"poor":[129],"choking.":[132],"Recommendations":[133],"are":[134],"offered":[135],"inform":[137],"psychological":[139],"skills":[140],"training":[141],"referees.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-09-23T00:00:00"}
