{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2516067604","doi":null,"title":"Measuring ambivalence about government in the 2006 ANES Pilot Study.","display_name":"Measuring ambivalence about government in the 2006 ANES Pilot Study.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2516067604","mag":"2516067604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.library.louisville.edu:faculty-1032","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty/32","pdf_url":"https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty/32","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402244","display_name":"ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","host_organization_name":"University of Louisville","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty and Staff Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty/32","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050558310","display_name":"Michael D. Martinez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5672-5375","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5672-5375"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael D. Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5672-5375","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059910260","display_name":"Jason Gainous","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3104-2313","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3104-2313"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Gainous","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3104-2313","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031918822","display_name":"Stephen C. Craig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-3901","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-3901"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen C. Craig","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-3901","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1869,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91912327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.7559000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.7559000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.16940000653266907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11539","display_name":"Survey Methodology and Nonresponse","score":0.013100000098347664,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitude-ambivalence","display_name":"attitudinal ambivalence","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-validity","display_name":"measurement validity","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct-validity","display_name":"construct validity","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-order-effects","display_name":"question order effects","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-order-effects","display_name":"response order effects","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-opinion-measurement","display_name":"public opinion measurement","score":0.46799999475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162127614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5928045","display_name":"Ambivalence","level":2,"score":0.6424578428268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5600646734237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.5488321781158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5392057299613953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5156061053276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.46390220522880554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.42145997285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776640315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315941","display_name":"Respondent","level":2,"score":0.4168912172317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35583412647247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3208475112915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.28538286685943604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14012086391448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.library.louisville.edu:faculty-1032","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty/32","pdf_url":"https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty/32","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402244","display_name":"ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","host_organization_name":"University of Louisville","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty and Staff Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.641.3547","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.641.3547","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.electionstudies.org/resources/papers/Pilot2006/nes011905.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2516067604","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://users.clas.ufl.edu/sccraig/nes011905.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.library.louisville.edu:faculty-1032","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty/32","pdf_url":"https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty/32","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402244","display_name":"ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","host_organization_name":"University of Louisville","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty and Staff Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2516067604.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2516067604.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W642385969","https://openalex.org/W651545736","https://openalex.org/W1568048105","https://openalex.org/W1571998729","https://openalex.org/W1894682158","https://openalex.org/W1906742905","https://openalex.org/W1970133260","https://openalex.org/W1973178598","https://openalex.org/W1998432928","https://openalex.org/W2003567180","https://openalex.org/W2011744324","https://openalex.org/W2020712470","https://openalex.org/W2027231328","https://openalex.org/W2050182047","https://openalex.org/W2051941498","https://openalex.org/W2055604460","https://openalex.org/W2066040429","https://openalex.org/W2068304852","https://openalex.org/W2069736034","https://openalex.org/W2071945695","https://openalex.org/W2091455897","https://openalex.org/W2096268027","https://openalex.org/W2105384876","https://openalex.org/W2108034895","https://openalex.org/W2111247447","https://openalex.org/W2117999717","https://openalex.org/W2146395118","https://openalex.org/W2148097253","https://openalex.org/W2157979842","https://openalex.org/W2159810985","https://openalex.org/W2164308816","https://openalex.org/W2164558494","https://openalex.org/W2165490318","https://openalex.org/W2315688625","https://openalex.org/W2330339681","https://openalex.org/W2333691819","https://openalex.org/W2476242200","https://openalex.org/W2478644700","https://openalex.org/W2486884366","https://openalex.org/W2905339401","https://openalex.org/W2947748474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251371549","https://openalex.org/W2498069490","https://openalex.org/W2512673893","https://openalex.org/W1598326452","https://openalex.org/W7097177957","https://openalex.org/W4211055633","https://openalex.org/W2476820817","https://openalex.org/W7101007871","https://openalex.org/W1547577011","https://openalex.org/W3036669800"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract:":[0],"Although":[1],"scholars":[2],"increasingly":[3],"recognize":[4],"that":[5,65,77],"people":[6],"often":[7],"possess":[8],"multiple":[9],"and":[10,24,87],"even":[11],"conflicting":[12],"attitudes":[13],"about":[14],"a":[15,33],"given":[16],"topic,":[17],"our":[18],"understanding":[19],"of":[20,26,35,57,91,102],"the":[21,40,69,79,92],"nature,":[22],"causes,":[23],"consequences":[25],"such":[27],"attitudinal":[28],"ambivalence":[29,58],"is":[30],"limited":[31],"by":[32],"lack":[34],"consensus":[36],"as":[37],"to":[38,85],"how":[39],"concept":[41],"should":[42],"be":[43],"operationalized.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"we":[48],"examine":[49],"three":[50,93],"separate":[51],"measures":[52,81],"(one":[53],"subjective,":[54],"two":[55],"operative)":[56],"regarding":[59],"\"the":[60],"federal":[61],"government":[62],"in":[63,68,98],"Washington\"":[64],"were":[66],"asked":[67],"2006":[70],"ANES":[71],"Pilot":[72],"Study.":[73],"Our":[74],"findings":[75],"indicate":[76],"while":[78],"operative":[80],"are":[82],"less":[83],"susceptible":[84],"question-order":[86],"response-order":[88],"effects,":[89],"none":[90],"indicators":[94],"fares":[95],"particularly":[96],"well":[97],"various":[99],"other":[100],"tests":[101],"construct":[103],"validity.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-09-16T00:00:00"}