{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2500907508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233388","title":"Process improvements in the production of silicon immersion gratings","display_name":"Process improvements in the production of silicon immersion gratings","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2500907508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233388","mag":"2500907508"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2233388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085790275","display_name":"Cynthia B. Brooks","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia B. Brooks","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012700619","display_name":"Benjamin T. Kidder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2480-8552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2480-8552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Kidder","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113692513","display_name":"Michelle M. Grigas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Grigas","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042955413","display_name":"Ulf Griesmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6882-9729","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6882-9729"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulf Griesmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Standards and Technology (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042018242","display_name":"Daniel W. Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7131-0407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7131-0407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel W. Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104089313","display_name":"Richard E. Muller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard E. Muller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030352093","display_name":"Daniel T. Jaffe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-3540","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3577-3540"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel T. Jaffe","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univ. of Texas at Austin (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7202,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93630147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9912","issue":null,"first_page":"99123Z","last_page":"99123Z"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11338","display_name":"Advancements in Photolithography Techniques","score":0.8964999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11338","display_name":"Advancements in Photolithography Techniques","score":0.8964999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12917","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysical Research","score":0.042899999767541885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11517","display_name":"Advanced optical system design","score":0.02979999966919422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction-gratings","display_name":"diffraction gratings","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-photolithography","display_name":"contact photolithography","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antireflection-coatings","display_name":"antireflection coatings","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fizeau-fringes","display_name":"Fizeau fringes","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodic-error","display_name":"periodic error","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-beam-lithography","display_name":"electron beam lithography","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoresist-patterning","display_name":"photoresist patterning","score":0.7549999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7396296262741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134406635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1439684","display_name":"Photoresist","level":3,"score":0.7341418266296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14737013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1319657","display_name":"Photomask","level":4,"score":0.6960636377334595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777813233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527816","display_name":"Grating","level":2,"score":0.6943585276603699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6402910947799683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204223013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133036","display_name":"Lithography","level":2,"score":0.633413553237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53524968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315582","display_name":"Resist","level":3,"score":0.6252913475036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105487726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622938","display_name":"Photolithography","level":2,"score":0.6229059100151062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188079319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372487","display_name":"Contact print","level":2,"score":0.5746078491210938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200274948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256845","display_name":"Electron-beam lithography","level":4,"score":0.563552975654602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4782763421535492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94263209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076175","display_name":"Immersion lithography","level":4,"score":0.45836031436920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.4529239237308502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.43077629804611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2141895592212677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06792968511581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.2233388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2233388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965881174","https://openalex.org/W1972836884","https://openalex.org/W1986545212","https://openalex.org/W2003223937","https://openalex.org/W2009313663","https://openalex.org/W2060120988","https://openalex.org/W2095010692"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965881174","https://openalex.org/W2876643146","https://openalex.org/W2067055016","https://openalex.org/W2495379287","https://openalex.org/W2060120988","https://openalex.org/W1980351921","https://openalex.org/W4238405622","https://openalex.org/W2095010692","https://openalex.org/W2015359858","https://openalex.org/W1989618567"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,59,187],"have":[1,60],"explored":[2,49],"a":[3,103,148,183],"number":[4],"of":[5,22,45,64,78,85,98,105,141,153,185,194,205],"lithographic":[6,30],"techniques":[7],"and":[8,57,196,221,229,245],"improvements":[9],"to":[10,28,74,113,127,143,146,167,177,201],"produce":[11],"the":[12,18,43,62,76,83,86,89,96,99,179,191,203,212,216,225,232],"resist":[13],"lines":[14,233],"that":[15,116,173],"then":[16],"define":[17],"grating":[19],"groove":[20,124],"edges":[21],"silicon":[23,157,238],"immersion":[24,46],"gratings.":[25],"In":[26],"addition":[27],"our":[29,39,69,237],"process":[31,246],"using":[32,198],"contact":[33,70,84,226],"printing":[34,71],"with":[35,123,163,190],"photomasks,":[36],"which":[37],"is":[38,161],"primary":[40],"technique":[41],"for":[42],"production":[44],"gratings,":[47],"we":[48],"two":[50],"alternative":[51],"fabrication":[52],"methods,":[53],"direct-write":[54],"electron":[55],"beam":[56,108],"photo-lithography.":[58],"investigated":[61],"application":[63],"antireflection":[65],"(AR)":[66],"coatings":[67],"during":[68,215],"lithography":[72],"method":[73,172],"reduce":[75,178],"effect":[77],"Fizeau":[79],"fringes":[80],"produced":[81],"by":[82,102,182],"photomask":[87],"on":[88,236],"photoresist":[90,235],"surface.":[91],"This":[92],"AR":[93],"coating":[94],"reduces":[95],"amplitude":[97],"periodic":[100],"errors":[101,213],"factor":[104,184],"1.5.":[106],"Electron":[107],"(e-beam)":[109],"patterning":[110,223],"allows":[111],"us":[112],"manufacture":[114],"gratings":[115,210],"can":[117],"be":[118],"used":[119],"in":[120,234],"first":[121],"order,":[122],"spacing":[125],"down":[126],"0.5":[128],"micrometer":[129],"or":[130],"smaller":[131],"(2,000":[132],"grooves/mm),":[133],"but":[134,240],"could":[135],"require":[136,241],"significant":[137],"e-beam":[138,171,220],"write":[139,180,231],"times":[140],"up":[142],"one":[144],"week":[145],"pattern":[147],"full-sized":[149],"grating.":[150],"The":[151],"University":[152],"Texas":[154],"at":[155],"Austin":[156],"diffractive":[158],"optics":[159],"group":[160],"working":[162,189],"Jet":[164],"Propulsion":[165],"Laboratory":[166],"develop":[168],"an":[169],"alternate":[170],"employs":[174],"chromium":[175],"liftoff":[176],"time":[181],"10.":[186],"are":[188],"National":[192],"Institute":[193],"Standards":[195],"Technology":[197],"laser":[199,222],"writing":[200],"explore":[202],"possibility":[204],"creating":[206],"very":[207],"high":[208],"quality":[209],"without":[211],"introduced":[214],"contact-printing":[217],"step.":[218],"Both":[219],"bypass":[224],"photolithography":[227],"step":[228],"directly":[230],"substrates,":[239],"increased":[242],"cost,":[243],"time,":[244],"complexity.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}
