{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2500556960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","title":"Smoking and Physical Inactivity as Predictors of Mobility Impairment During Late Life: Exploring Differential Vulnerability Across Education Level in Sweden","display_name":"Smoking and Physical Inactivity as Predictors of Mobility Impairment During Late Life: Exploring Differential Vulnerability Across Education Level in Sweden","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2500556960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","mag":"2500556960","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27449220","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6018878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geronb/gbw090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article-pdf/73/4/675/25092251/gbw090.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735447094","display_name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series B","issn_l":"1079-5014","issn":["1079-5014","1758-5368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article-pdf/73/4/675/25092251/gbw090.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032750652","display_name":"Neda Agahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4546-6600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4546-6600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161593684","display_name":"Stockholm University","ror":"https://ror.org/05f0yaq80","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161593684"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Neda Agahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161593684","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060565158","display_name":"Stefan Fors","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2656-8721","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2656-8721"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161593684","display_name":"Stockholm University","ror":"https://ror.org/05f0yaq80","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161593684"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Fors","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161593684","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029258230","display_name":"Johan Fritzell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0496-3085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0496-3085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161593684","display_name":"Stockholm University","ror":"https://ror.org/05f0yaq80","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161593684"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28166907","display_name":"Karolinska Institutet","ror":"https://ror.org/056d84691","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan Fritzell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161593684","https://openalex.org/I28166907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056723531","display_name":"Benjam\u00edn A. Shaw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-495X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-495X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I392282","display_name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/012zs8222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin A. Shaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Policy, Management, and Behavior, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Policy, Management, and Behavior, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032750652"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161593684","https://openalex.org/I28166907"],"apc_list":{"value":4408,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4408},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09331544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"4","first_page":"gbw090","last_page":"gbw090"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12811","display_name":"Aging, Health, and Disability","score":0.6621000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12811","display_name":"Aging, Health, and Disability","score":0.6621000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.09059999883174896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11011","display_name":"Frailty in Older Adults","score":0.06629999727010727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-inactivity","display_name":"physical inactivity","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobility-impairment","display_name":"mobility impairment","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-vulnerability","display_name":"differential vulnerability","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-smoking","display_name":"heavy smoking","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise","display_name":"physical activity","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-trajectories","display_name":"health trajectories","score":0.33500000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5516989827156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5325621366500854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.5307825803756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.47453367710113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.4638879895210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45016440749168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39859023690223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.1410556137561798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004522","descriptor_name":"Educational Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012737","descriptor_name":"Sex Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013548","descriptor_name":"Sweden","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051346","descriptor_name":"Mobility Limitation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057185","descriptor_name":"Sedentary Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/geronb/gbw090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article-pdf/73/4/675/25092251/gbw090.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735447094","display_name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series B","issn_l":"1079-5014","issn":["1079-5014","1758-5368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5445009","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6018878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6018878","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6018878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:27449220","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27449220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:oup:geronb:v:73:y:2018:i:4:p:675-683.","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geronb/gbw090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbw090","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article-pdf/73/4/675/25092251/gbw090.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735447094","display_name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series B","issn_l":"1079-5014","issn":["1079-5014","1758-5368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7390999794006348}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3802010840","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2012-1704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","funder_display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434269548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2012-1704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324004","funder_display_name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5301367810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2012-1704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322885","funder_display_name":"NordForsk"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7249763321","display_name":"Social inequalities in Ageing (SIA); health, care and institutional reforms in the Nordic welfare model","funder_award_id":"74637","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322885","funder_display_name":"NordForsk"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7565667178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"74637","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324004","funder_display_name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8128875509","display_name":"Center for Social and Demographic Analysis at the University at Albany, SUNY","funder_award_id":"R24HD044943","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322581","display_name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","ror":"https://ror.org/03zttf063"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322885","display_name":"NordForsk","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqzfg94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324004","display_name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd","ror":"https://ror.org/02d290r06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2500556960.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2500556960.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W606859982","https://openalex.org/W1500698044","https://openalex.org/W1519979707","https://openalex.org/W1533078153","https://openalex.org/W1964103245","https://openalex.org/W1975499742","https://openalex.org/W1984991619","https://openalex.org/W1992901092","https://openalex.org/W2017561033","https://openalex.org/W2029612682","https://openalex.org/W2030886281","https://openalex.org/W2032020779","https://openalex.org/W2050861220","https://openalex.org/W2055166970","https://openalex.org/W2057336842","https://openalex.org/W2065974664","https://openalex.org/W2070850185","https://openalex.org/W2073394175","https://openalex.org/W2096130724","https://openalex.org/W2096408258","https://openalex.org/W2105895922","https://openalex.org/W2106194757","https://openalex.org/W2107632228","https://openalex.org/W2110803770","https://openalex.org/W2113001662","https://openalex.org/W2115692241","https://openalex.org/W2119061703","https://openalex.org/W2125003118","https://openalex.org/W2129219492","https://openalex.org/W2139226057","https://openalex.org/W2147611803","https://openalex.org/W2148630377","https://openalex.org/W2155448185","https://openalex.org/W2164225975","https://openalex.org/W2324438467","https://openalex.org/W2327395101"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995083258","https://openalex.org/W2133502146","https://openalex.org/W1998461997","https://openalex.org/W2152606248","https://openalex.org/W1499267251","https://openalex.org/W2070850185","https://openalex.org/W2030886281","https://openalex.org/W2596584954","https://openalex.org/W2107705504","https://openalex.org/W2756895144"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objectives:":[0],"To":[1],"test":[2,75],"whether":[3],"older":[4,38,168],"adults":[5,40,169],"from":[6],"high":[7,134,174],"and":[8,20,73,93,106,120,161,173,190],"low":[9,136,172],"educational":[10],"groups":[11,176],"are":[12],"differentially":[13],"vulnerable":[14],"to":[15,54,62,74,99,152],"the":[16,24,70,79,85,125,191],"impact":[17,126],"of":[18,26,37,66,81,87,95,127,142,167,193],"smoking":[19,88,129,186],"physical":[21,90,147,188],"inactivity":[22],"on":[23,84,130],"progression":[25,80,192],"mobility":[27,67,82,110,131,194],"impairment":[28,68,83,111,132],"during":[29],"old":[30],"age.":[31,114],"Methods:":[32],"A":[33,139],"nationally":[34],"representative":[35],"sample":[36],"Swedish":[39],"(n":[41],"=":[42],"1,311),":[43],"aged":[44],"57-76":[45],"years":[46,56],"at":[47],"baseline":[48],"(1991),":[49],"were":[50,117],"followed":[51],"for":[52,76,146],"up":[53],"23":[55],"(2014).":[57],"Multilevel":[58],"regression":[59],"was":[60,144],"used":[61],"estimate":[63],"individual":[64],"trajectories":[65],"over":[69],"study":[71,166],"period":[72],"differences":[77,123],"in":[78,109,124,133,170,181],"basis":[86],"status,":[89,92],"activity":[91],"level":[94],"education.":[96],"Results:":[97],"Compared":[98],"nonsmokers,":[100],"heavy":[101,128,185],"smokers":[102],"had":[103],"higher":[104],"levels":[105],"steeper":[107],"increases":[108],"with":[112],"advancing":[113],"However,":[115],"there":[116],"only":[118],"small":[119],"statistically":[121],"nonsignificant":[122],"versus":[135],"education":[137,175],"groups.":[138],"similar":[140],"pattern":[141],"results":[143],"found":[145],"inactivity.":[148],"Discussion:":[149],"Differential":[150],"vulnerability":[151],"unhealthy":[153],"behaviors":[154],"may":[155],"vary":[156],"across":[157],"populations,":[158],"age,":[159],"time-periods,":[160],"health":[162],"outcomes.":[163],"In":[164],"this":[165],"Sweden,":[171],"did":[177],"not":[178],"differ":[179],"significantly":[180],"their":[182],"associations":[183],"between":[184],"or":[187],"inactivity,":[189],"impairment.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}