{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2500173171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","title":"Comparability and the Case-Control Study","display_name":"Comparability and the Case-Control Study","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-07-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2500173171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","mag":"2500173171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Epidemiology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4248579946","display_name":"Psychiatric Epidemiology"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050925561","display_name":"Ezra Susser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7665-4826","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7665-4826"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ezra Susser","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102742935","display_name":"Sharon Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-0016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-0016"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017595492","display_name":"Alfredo Morabia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1902-0285","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1902-0285"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfredo Morabia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011309891","display_name":"Evelyn J. Bromet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-5793","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-5793"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evelyn J. Bromet","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22319919,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"212","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-control-study","display_name":"case-control study","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparability","display_name":"comparability","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-selection","display_name":"control selection","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-bias","display_name":"selection bias","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding","display_name":"confounding","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attrition-bias","display_name":"attrition bias","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-misclassification","display_name":"differential misclassification","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nested-case-control-study","display_name":"nested case-control study","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/odds-ratio","display_name":"odds ratio","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-effect-estimation","display_name":"causal effect estimation","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197947376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155608","display_name":"Comparability","level":2,"score":0.7080227732658386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40423286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172","display_name":"Selection bias","level":2,"score":0.6601133346557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6519216299057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5584055185317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.5469740033149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780553607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684868","display_name":"Attrition","level":2,"score":0.4808674454689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.4641273021697998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.41633307933807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.361615926027298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35628241300582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.26343876123428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2329581379890442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1304096281528473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08908051252365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.08333975076675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195101812.003.18","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatric Epidemiology","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999080029","https://openalex.org/W2025651303","https://openalex.org/W2030360178","https://openalex.org/W2151129876","https://openalex.org/W2157330901","https://openalex.org/W4231216282","https://openalex.org/W4293241248","https://openalex.org/W4293874313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2476091525","https://openalex.org/W2201893451","https://openalex.org/W7098201049","https://openalex.org/W1916801516","https://openalex.org/W3166594252","https://openalex.org/W2912421098","https://openalex.org/W2475833484","https://openalex.org/W7099464579","https://openalex.org/W1979849940","https://openalex.org/W2040999990"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"validity":[2],"of":[3,21,76,114,130,139],"a":[4,155],"case-control":[5,50,94,116,151,166],"study":[6,152],"depends":[7],"upon":[8],"sampling":[9],"controls":[10,33],"from":[11],"the":[12,32,41,49,53,59,66,73,77,97,101,112,115,128,136,149,164],"noncases":[13],"in":[14,40,48,58,88,111,134,158],"an":[15],"unbiased":[16],"way,":[17],"that":[18,157],"is,":[19],"independent":[20],"exposure":[22],"status.":[23],"Although":[24],"this":[25],"safeguard":[26],"will":[27,44,70,80],"prevent":[28],"introducing":[29],"bias":[30,37,85],"when":[31],"are":[34,62,86,106],"selected,":[35],"any":[36],"already":[38],"present":[39],"underlying":[42,60],"cohort":[43,61,92],"still":[45],"be":[46,81],"reflected":[47],"study.":[51,167],"When":[52],"exposed":[54],"and":[55,93,103,123,144],"unexposed":[56],"groups":[57],"not":[63,71],"fully":[64],"comparable,":[65],"resulting":[67],"odds":[68],"ratio":[69],"reflect":[72],"causal":[74],"effect":[75],"exposure.":[78],"It":[79,132,147],"biased.":[82],"In":[83],"general,":[84],"handled":[87],"parallel":[89],"fashion":[90],"for":[91,127],"studies.":[95],"But":[96],"logical":[98],"connections":[99,122],"between":[100],"problem":[102],"its":[104],"resolution":[105],"more":[107],"difficult":[108],"to":[109,153,163],"see":[110],"context":[113],"design.":[117],"This":[118],"chapter":[119],"explains":[120],"these":[121],"their":[124],"practical":[125],"implications":[126],"selection":[129],"controls.":[131],"discusses":[133],"turn":[135],"main":[137],"sources":[138],"noncomparability:":[140],"confounding,":[141],"unequal":[142],"attrition,":[143],"differential":[145],"misclassification.":[146],"uses":[148],"nested":[150],"portray":[154],"logic":[156],"large":[159],"part":[160],"also":[161],"applies":[162],"ordinary":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}