{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2499204232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","title":"Problems at the Roots of Law","display_name":"Problems at the Roots of Law","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2499204232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","mag":"2499204232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"edited-book"},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062847748","display_name":"Jo\u00ebl Feinberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joel Feinberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona (Emeritus)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona (Emeritus)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062847748"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3568,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94756438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.39719998836517334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10297","display_name":"Philosophical Ethics and Theory","score":0.39719998836517334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12332","display_name":"Comparative constitutional jurisprudence studies","score":0.19949999451637268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14259","display_name":"Legal Rights and Human Rights","score":0.10830000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-morality","display_name":"law and morality","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-law","display_name":"natural law","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-positivism","display_name":"legal positivism","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-rights","display_name":"moral rights","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminal-liability","display_name":"criminal liability","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punishment","display_name":"punishment","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-disorders","display_name":"mental illness","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immorality","display_name":"immorality","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-language","display_name":"moral language","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-language","display_name":"psychiatric language","score":0.9139999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.606934666633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329777","display_name":"Appeal","level":2,"score":0.5694388151168823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200113983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48324","display_name":"Morality","level":2,"score":0.5463682413101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202565627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146491","display_name":"Criminal law","level":2,"score":0.5322496891021729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.52264404296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779295839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3544090","display_name":"Punishment (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5089321136474609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051","display_name":"Obligation","level":2,"score":0.5000967979431152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777107957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051","display_name":"Moral obligation","level":2,"score":0.46886804699897766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128706718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131015","display_name":"Positivism","level":2,"score":0.4427988529205322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.41072744131088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3490987718105316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22154635190963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1371488869190216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0195155262.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"edited-book"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8299999833106995}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7217548849","https://openalex.org/W614660978","https://openalex.org/W1580903256","https://openalex.org/W2356956564","https://openalex.org/W3127720776","https://openalex.org/W3100308437","https://openalex.org/W2971026048","https://openalex.org/W2972072868","https://openalex.org/W3216081285","https://openalex.org/W2898996667"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"collection":[2,246],"of":[3,64,83,89,95,125,178,215,225,261],"essays":[4],"is":[5,52,92,103,147,183,199],"united":[6],"by":[7],"a":[8,65,123],"common":[9],"concern":[10],"with":[11,223],"basic":[12],"questions":[13],"pertaining":[14],"to":[15,33,68,172,196,201],"law":[16,35,41,51,55],"and":[17,19,57,99,151,203,232,255,263],"morality":[18],"the":[20,23,40,50,70,76,93,96,100,117,144,158,163,174,179,188,206,209,213],"relation":[21],"between":[22],"two.":[24],"The":[25,72,86,140,166,241],"first":[26],"essay":[27,74,146,168,243],"considers":[28],"whether":[29],"judges":[30],"must":[31],"appeal":[32],"natural":[34,37,54],"or":[36,44,218],"justice":[38],"when":[39,161],"seems":[42],"incomplete":[43],"indeterminate.":[45],"In":[46,205],"cases":[47,130],"in":[48,61,128,143,157,236,244],"which":[49,198,237],"immoral,":[53],"theorists":[56],"legal":[58],"positivists":[59],"align":[60],"their":[62],"rejection":[63],"moral":[66,79,135,253],"obligation":[67],"obey":[69],"law.":[71],"second":[73],"defends":[75],"view":[77,141],"that":[78,104,148,176,224],"rights":[80],"exist":[81],"independently":[82],"institutional":[84],"structures.":[85],"complex":[87],"issue":[88],"criminal":[90],"entrapment":[91],"focus":[94],"third":[97],"paper,":[98,208],"position":[101],"defended":[102],"although":[105],"an":[106],"entrapped":[107],"person":[108],"sometimes":[109],"may":[110,132],"not":[111],"be":[112,155],"held":[113],"criminally":[114],"liable":[115],"for":[116],"crime":[118],"she":[119],"voluntarily":[120],"commits":[121],"as":[122],"result":[124],"police":[126],"enticement,":[127],"many":[129],"we":[131],"make":[133],"adverse":[134],"judgments":[136],"about":[137],"her":[138],"conduct.":[139],"espoused":[142],"fourth":[145],"completed":[149],"crimes":[150],"failed":[152],"attempts":[153],"should":[154],"treated":[156],"same":[159],"way":[160],"determining":[162],"appropriate":[164],"punishment.":[165],"fifth":[167],"offers":[169],"various":[170],"arguments":[171],"support":[173],"claim":[175],"funding":[177],"arts":[180,189],"through":[181],"taxation":[182],"justified.":[184],"Among":[185],"other":[186],"things,":[187],"offer":[190],"intrinsic,":[191],"though":[192],"often":[193],"benefitless,":[194],"value":[195],"society,":[197],"worthwhile":[200],"maintain":[202],"preserve.":[204],"sixth":[207],"discussion":[210],"focuses":[211],"on":[212],"notion":[214],"pure":[216],"evil,":[217],"sheer":[219],"wickedness,":[220],"contrasting":[221],"it":[222],"mental":[226,264],"illness":[227],"(or":[228],"sick!":[229,230],"sickness)":[231],"identifying":[233],"some":[234],"places":[235],"this":[238,245],"distinction":[239],"blurs.":[240],"final":[242],"looks":[247],"at":[248],"how,":[249],"since":[250],"Plato's":[251],"time,":[252],"language":[254,257],"psychiatric":[256],"have":[258],"fused":[259],"ideas":[260],"immorality":[262],"illness.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-04T09:36:47.201465","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}