{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2497639639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","title":"Role of Epidural Injections to Prevent Surgical Intervention in Patients with Chronic Sciatica: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","display_name":"Role of Epidural Injections to Prevent Surgical Intervention in Patients with Chronic Sciatica: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2497639639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","mag":"2497639639","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27625909","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5010373"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/4798/1511806017-20171127-5944-17mdm0i.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/4798/1511806017-20171127-5944-17mdm0i.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010319582","display_name":"Adnan Bashir Bhatti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Bashir Bhatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Director of Clinical Research, Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute",". Medical Director of Clinical Research, Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute, United States",". Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Director of Clinical Research, Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Medical Director of Clinical Research, Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute, United States","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088625290","display_name":"Sunny Wonsun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2926-2712","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2926-2712"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunny Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute",". Medical Director of Clinical Research, Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":". Medical Director of Clinical Research, Spine Surgery, Tristate Brain and Spine Institute, United States","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010319582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3793,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33030027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"8","first_page":"e723","last_page":"e723"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.04479999840259552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epidural-injection","display_name":"epidural injection","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-sciatica","display_name":"chronic sciatica","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lumbar-disc-herniation","display_name":"lumbar disc herniation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroid-injection","display_name":"corticosteroid injection","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-scores","display_name":"pain scores","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-disability","display_name":"functional disability","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oswestry-disability-index","display_name":"Oswestry Disability Index","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roland-morris-disability-questionnaire","display_name":"Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire","score":0.890999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776698514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q565276","display_name":"Sciatica","level":2,"score":0.9587063789367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9415732622146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775998654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11751687","display_name":"Oswestry Disability Index","level":4,"score":0.8534590005874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14184104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362526","display_name":"Visual analogue scale","level":2,"score":0.6893972754478455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.6608883142471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5818261504173279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780907711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852163","display_name":"Low back pain","level":3,"score":0.5531578660011292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295720","display_name":"Rating scale","level":2,"score":0.49650174379348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.4507210850715637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776501849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5781808","display_name":"Back pain","level":3,"score":0.4434286057949066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68312169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216685","display_name":"Orthopedic surgery","level":2,"score":0.43232131004333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.42404231429100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781118164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088113","display_name":"Chronic pain","level":2,"score":0.42343080043792725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.25924962759017944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.2092086374759674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.08404934406280518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.08241859078407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.07127079367637634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/4798/1511806017-20171127-5944-17mdm0i.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3980697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5010373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5010373","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5010373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:27625909","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27625909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7759/cureus.723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.723","pdf_url":"https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/original_article/pdf/4798/1511806017-20171127-5944-17mdm0i.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738950867","display_name":"Cureus","issn_l":"2168-8184","issn":["2168-8184"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316779","host_organization_name":"Cureus, Inc.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cureus, Inc."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cureus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2497639639.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2497639639.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30580204","https://openalex.org/W76448081","https://openalex.org/W91079336","https://openalex.org/W207722427","https://openalex.org/W1530955749","https://openalex.org/W1657727387","https://openalex.org/W1910736959","https://openalex.org/W1926211833","https://openalex.org/W1982572635","https://openalex.org/W1992170145","https://openalex.org/W1992485445","https://openalex.org/W1994405178","https://openalex.org/W2015869248","https://openalex.org/W2028029232","https://openalex.org/W2043564581","https://openalex.org/W2045450232","https://openalex.org/W2054384899","https://openalex.org/W2079910875","https://openalex.org/W2119053838","https://openalex.org/W2142424179","https://openalex.org/W2158278594","https://openalex.org/W2168436175","https://openalex.org/W2170326880","https://openalex.org/W2182995541","https://openalex.org/W2202968018","https://openalex.org/W2219434944","https://openalex.org/W2279163678","https://openalex.org/W2396945707","https://openalex.org/W2400087008","https://openalex.org/W2403613580","https://openalex.org/W2406660151","https://openalex.org/W3132413579","https://openalex.org/W3138206232","https://openalex.org/W4212789107"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2754974446","https://openalex.org/W4398218093","https://openalex.org/W68720516","https://openalex.org/W4408415436","https://openalex.org/W3161469726","https://openalex.org/W3038996442","https://openalex.org/W4410334846","https://openalex.org/W2766480637","https://openalex.org/W2403613580","https://openalex.org/W2072818993"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"The":[1,87,117,151,185,248],"aim":[2],"of":[3,11,15,55,57,93,103,225,250],"this":[4,115],"study":[5],"is":[6],"to":[7,19,30,48,95,276],"evaluate":[8],"the":[9,12,70,83,91,107,148,163,174,200,206,212,226,260],"efficacy":[10],"different":[13],"types":[14],"epidural":[16],"injections":[17],"(EI)":[18],"prevent":[20,237,277],"surgical":[21,124,143,238,267,278],"intervention":[22,239,279],"in":[23,82,114,205,211,256,259,280],"patients":[24,227,281],"suffering":[25,228,282],"from":[26,69,126,147,229,283],"chronic":[27,230],"sciatica":[28,97,231,251,284],"due":[29],"lumbar":[31],"disc":[32],"herniation":[33],"(LDH).":[34],"MATERIAL":[35],"AND":[36],"METHODS:":[37],"Studies":[38],"were":[39,61,75,81,112,129,145,197,219],"identified":[40],"by":[41,99,173,233,286],"searching":[42],"PubMed,":[43],"MEDLINE,":[44],"and":[45,77,123,131,142,156,180,190,215,266],"Google":[46],"Scholar":[47],"retrieve":[49],"all":[50,78],"available":[51],"relevant":[52],"articles.":[53],"Lists":[54],"references":[56],"several":[58],"systematic":[59],"reviews":[60],"also":[62],"used":[63,166,198],"for":[64,169,199],"scanning":[65],"further":[66],"references.":[67],"Publications":[68],"past":[71],"ten":[72],"years":[73],"(2006-2016)":[74],"considered,":[76,130],"studies":[79,88,128],"selected":[80],"English":[84],"language":[85],"only.":[86],"employed":[89],"specified":[90],"use":[92],"EI":[94,241,253,272],"treat":[96],"caused":[98,232,285],"LDH.":[100,287],"A":[101],"total":[102],"19":[104],"papers":[105],"meeting":[106],"eligibility":[108],"criteria":[109],"(mentioned":[110],"below)":[111],"included":[113,149],"study.":[116],"pain":[118,170,213,261],"scores,":[119,122,138,141],"functional":[120,139,201,216,263],"disability":[121,140,202,217,264],"rates":[125,144],"these":[127],"meta-analysis":[132],"was":[133],"performed.":[134],"OUTCOME":[135],"MEASURES:":[136],"Pain":[137],"assessed":[146],"studies.":[150],"Numeric":[152],"Rating":[153,177],"Scale":[154,159,178],"(NRS)":[155],"Visual":[157],"Analogue":[158],"(VAS)":[160],"have":[161],"been":[162],"most":[164],"commonly":[165],"baseline":[167],"scales":[168,196],"evaluation":[171],"followed":[172],"Verbal":[175],"Numerical":[176],"(VNRS)":[179],"Japanese":[181],"Orthopedic":[182],"Association":[183],"(JOA).":[184],"Oswestry":[186],"Disability":[187,193],"Index":[188],"(ODI)":[189],"Roland":[191],"Morris":[192],"Questionnaire":[194],"(RMDQ)":[195],"scoring":[203],"system":[204],"literature.":[207],"RESULTS:":[208],"Significant":[209],"improvement":[210],"scores":[214,218],"observed.":[220],"Additionally,":[221],"greater":[222],"than":[223],"80%":[224],"LDH":[234],"could":[235],"successfully":[236],"after":[240],"treatment":[242,254],"with":[243,252],"or":[244],"without":[245],"steroids.":[246],"CONCLUSION:":[247],"management":[249],"results":[255],"significant":[257],"improvements":[258],"score,":[262,265],"rate.":[268],"We":[269],"concluded":[270],"that":[271],"provides":[273],"new":[274],"hope":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}