{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2496892369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","title":"Appalachian mountains and plateaus","display_name":"Appalachian mountains and plateaus","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2496892369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","mag":"2496892369"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463317","display_name":"Geological Society of America eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319845","host_organization_name":"Geological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Geological Society of America"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geomorphic Systems of North America","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1797218151","display_name":"Geomorphic Systems of North America"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074992766","display_name":"Hugh H. Mills","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugh H. Mills","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Sciences, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Sciences, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee 38505","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051140770","display_name":"G. Robert Brakenridge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-4852","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-4852"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19648265","display_name":"Wright State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qk6pt94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Robert Brakenridge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19648265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057801471","display_name":"Robert B. Jacobson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2064"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert B. Jacobson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112529816","display_name":"Wayne L. Newell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wayne L. Newell","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Geological Survey, 925 National Center, Reston, Virginia 22902"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Geological Survey, 925 National Center, Reston, Virginia 22902","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079093079","display_name":"Milan J. Pavich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milan J. Pavich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003840480","display_name":"John S. Pomeroy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John S. Pomeroy","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Geological Survey, 928 National Center, Reston, Virginia 22092"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Geological Survey, 928 National Center, Reston, Virginia 22092","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":73.0909,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12853","display_name":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","score":0.5,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12853","display_name":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","score":0.5,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12577","display_name":"Geography and Environmental Studies","score":0.16269999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10965","display_name":"Geological formations and processes","score":0.1265999972820282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/appalachian-mountains","display_name":"Appalachian Mountains","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plateau","display_name":"plateaus","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-geomorphology","display_name":"history of geomorphology","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/william-morris-davis","display_name":"William Morris Davis","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-level","display_name":"base level","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/john-wesley-powell","display_name":"John Wesley Powell","score":0.7950000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6220183968544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6039897799491882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019337026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925906","display_name":"Colorado plateau","level":2,"score":0.5327959656715393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781429371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584207","display_name":"Mountain range (options)","level":2,"score":0.529678225517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.5014691352844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.46796780824661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.46071678400039673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.4346504211425781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.41493451595306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.3445875346660614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.34039291739463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.06558763980865479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1130/dnag-cent-v2.5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463317","display_name":"Geological Society of America eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319845","host_organization_name":"Geological Society of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Geological Society of America"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geomorphic Systems of North America","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":155,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1474039","https://openalex.org/W12424895","https://openalex.org/W81495212","https://openalex.org/W86597354","https://openalex.org/W91716941","https://openalex.org/W92941307","https://openalex.org/W135806565","https://openalex.org/W143362867","https://openalex.org/W158413526","https://openalex.org/W176828818","https://openalex.org/W179092828","https://openalex.org/W224714343","https://openalex.org/W270762927","https://openalex.org/W318818571","https://openalex.org/W599745085","https://openalex.org/W623029250","https://openalex.org/W757239725","https://openalex.org/W1479949360","https://openalex.org/W1483932024","https://openalex.org/W1508227786","https://openalex.org/W1510371572","https://openalex.org/W1516293309","https://openalex.org/W1518011590","https://openalex.org/W1531473261","https://openalex.org/W1533315712","https://openalex.org/W1538712171","https://openalex.org/W1545387297","https://openalex.org/W1545423987","https://openalex.org/W1551596982","https://openalex.org/W1553152200","https://openalex.org/W1555930968","https://openalex.org/W1568823095","https://openalex.org/W1579194225","https://openalex.org/W1583395207","https://openalex.org/W1591049899","https://openalex.org/W1593432842","https://openalex.org/W1593527316","https://openalex.org/W1605284000","https://openalex.org/W1757338885","https://openalex.org/W1969824728","https://openalex.org/W1970130975","https://openalex.org/W1970295221","https://openalex.org/W1973068049","https://openalex.org/W1973803558","https://openalex.org/W1974337164","https://openalex.org/W1975471296","https://openalex.org/W1979543478","https://openalex.org/W1979544606","https://openalex.org/W1992656360","https://openalex.org/W1993284672","https://openalex.org/W1993790017","https://openalex.org/W1996034751","https://openalex.org/W1996802709","https://openalex.org/W1997485916","https://openalex.org/W2000325309","https://openalex.org/W2001413692","https://openalex.org/W2004728888","https://openalex.org/W2005324769","https://openalex.org/W2009981589","https://openalex.org/W2010206555","https://openalex.org/W2012118818","https://openalex.org/W2014631530","https://openalex.org/W2016443929","https://openalex.org/W2017711022","https://openalex.org/W2018440823","https://openalex.org/W2020201980","https://openalex.org/W2022226656","https://openalex.org/W2022486443","https://openalex.org/W2025635771","https://openalex.org/W2034363526","https://openalex.org/W2037659710","https://openalex.org/W2038072615","https://openalex.org/W2039878431","https://openalex.org/W2041266043","https://openalex.org/W2042094095","https://openalex.org/W2044459632","https://openalex.org/W2056744869","https://openalex.org/W2058956089","https://openalex.org/W2062064813","https://openalex.org/W2068592911","https://openalex.org/W2069700506","https://openalex.org/W2070602876","https://openalex.org/W2070725843","https://openalex.org/W2073265985","https://openalex.org/W2076893368","https://openalex.org/W2082183131","https://openalex.org/W2085252752","https://openalex.org/W2086960725","https://openalex.org/W2089907834","https://openalex.org/W2093890695","https://openalex.org/W2094411408","https://openalex.org/W2094429792","https://openalex.org/W2100057464","https://openalex.org/W2103719544","https://openalex.org/W2104350608","https://openalex.org/W2104980278","https://openalex.org/W2105822472","https://openalex.org/W2110290474","https://openalex.org/W2111998310","https://openalex.org/W2120551653","https://openalex.org/W2120650501","https://openalex.org/W2133580579","https://openalex.org/W2134258423","https://openalex.org/W2138052715","https://openalex.org/W2139115889","https://openalex.org/W2142359593","https://openalex.org/W2149128668","https://openalex.org/W2152015161","https://openalex.org/W2156631260","https://openalex.org/W2159533044","https://openalex.org/W2166596372","https://openalex.org/W2171370563","https://openalex.org/W2278978441","https://openalex.org/W2312685263","https://openalex.org/W2313276094","https://openalex.org/W2313278323","https://openalex.org/W2314590860","https://openalex.org/W2315280898","https://openalex.org/W2317480666","https://openalex.org/W2319208713","https://openalex.org/W2319846331","https://openalex.org/W2321559378","https://openalex.org/W2321935614","https://openalex.org/W2323781411","https://openalex.org/W2325521075","https://openalex.org/W2332939610","https://openalex.org/W2336116957","https://openalex.org/W2338804057","https://openalex.org/W2405162625","https://openalex.org/W2512133601","https://openalex.org/W2568591837","https://openalex.org/W2611374139","https://openalex.org/W2618933970","https://openalex.org/W2797051794","https://openalex.org/W2939888350","https://openalex.org/W3022182183","https://openalex.org/W3209467740","https://openalex.org/W3217280123","https://openalex.org/W4211166550","https://openalex.org/W4230182624","https://openalex.org/W4243991107","https://openalex.org/W4245270370","https://openalex.org/W4252307650","https://openalex.org/W4252390302","https://openalex.org/W4254849039","https://openalex.org/W4255370374","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4294621728","https://openalex.org/W4386135951","https://openalex.org/W6619630505","https://openalex.org/W6633124894","https://openalex.org/W6778194446","https://openalex.org/W6808308384","https://openalex.org/W6829175212","https://openalex.org/W7019694026"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382726293","https://openalex.org/W1971630250","https://openalex.org/W7154733129","https://openalex.org/W2211618896","https://openalex.org/W7154781180","https://openalex.org/W2050619849","https://openalex.org/W4211193036","https://openalex.org/W2178427556","https://openalex.org/W7098734491","https://openalex.org/W2321343548"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"William":[1],"Morris":[2],"Davis":[3,213],"(1888)":[4],"considered":[5],"the":[6,15,21,47,50,62,70,74,102,106,123,134,164,168,171,182,186,191,211,218,221,230,237,247],"Appalachians":[7,222],"to":[8,81,117,210],"have":[9],"had":[10],"an":[11],"important":[12],"role":[13],"in":[14,38,73,167,223],"development":[16],"of":[17,24,28,49,90,115,125,130,136,142,149,161,170,173,181,185,193,220,240],"geomorphology.":[18],"He":[19],"saw":[20],"systematic":[22,113],"study":[23,172],"topography":[25,66],"as":[26,58,87,178,227,229],"largely":[27,177],"American":[29,245],"origin,":[30],"and":[31,67,121,197],"suggested":[32],"that":[33,105,236],"there":[34],"were":[35,152,208],"two":[36],"steps":[37],"its":[39],"development.":[40],"The":[41,112,159],"first":[42,78],"began":[43],"about":[44,176],"1840":[45],"with":[46],"founding":[48],"Eastern":[51],"state":[52],"surveys,":[53],"during":[54],"which":[55],"geologists":[56],"such":[57,162],"Lesley":[59],"(1856)":[60],"established":[61],"intimate":[63],"relationship":[64],"between":[65],"structure":[68,107],"(in":[69],"broad":[71],"sense)":[72],"Appalachians.":[75],"During":[76],"this":[77,201,224,241],"step,":[79],"according":[80],"Davis,":[82],"topographic":[83],"form":[84],"was":[85],"regarded":[86],"acompleted":[88],"product":[89],"extinct":[91],"processes.":[92],"Topography":[93],"revealed":[94],"structure,":[95,118],"but":[96],"it":[97,233],"did":[98],"not":[99],"then":[100,153],"reveal":[101],"long":[103],"history":[104],"has":[108],"passed":[109],"through.":[110],"\u2026":[111],"relation":[114],"forms":[116],"base":[119],"level,":[120],"time;":[122],"change":[124],"drainage":[126,144],"areas":[127],"by":[128,139,190],"contest":[129],"headwaters":[131],"at":[132],"divides;":[133],"revival":[135],"exhausted":[137],"rivers":[138],"massive":[140],"elevations":[141],"their":[143],"areas;":[145],"all":[146],"these":[147,206],"consequences":[148],"slow":[150],"adjustments":[151],"unperceived":[154],"(Davis,":[155],"1888,":[156],"p.":[157,215],"14).":[158],"awareness":[160,202],"principles,":[163],"second":[165,225,242],"step":[166],"advancement":[169],"topography,":[174],"came":[175,203],"a":[179],"result":[180],"geological":[183],"exploration":[184],"western":[187],"U.S.,":[188],"exemplified":[189],"work":[192],"Powell":[194],"(1875,":[195],"1876)":[196],"Gilbert":[198],"(1877).":[199],"Once":[200],"about,":[204],"however,":[205],"principles":[207],"applied":[209],"Appalachians;":[212],"(1888,":[214],"15)":[216],"stressed":[217],"importance":[219],"phase":[226],"well":[228],"first:":[231],"If":[232],"be":[234],"true":[235],"greater":[238],"part":[239],"advance":[243],"is":[244],"like":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}