{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2496073344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","title":"Abstract 2596: Time to first morning cigarette and lung cancer in National Lung Screening Trial","display_name":"Abstract 2596: Time to first morning cigarette and lung cancer in National Lung Screening Trial","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2496073344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","mag":"2496073344"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168522863","display_name":"Cancer Research","issn_l":"0008-5472","issn":["0008-5472","1538-7445"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320273","host_organization_name":"American Association for Cancer Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Cancer Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100722527","display_name":"Fangyi Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-2513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9089-2513"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangyi Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009110617","display_name":"Hormuzd A. Katki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2002-0095","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2002-0095"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hormuzd Katki","raw_affiliation_strings":["NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089976309","display_name":"Neal D. Freedman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-1098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-1098"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal Freedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079554472","display_name":"Pam Marcus","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pam Marcus","raw_affiliation_strings":["NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019329822","display_name":"Neil E. Caporaso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7562-4609","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7562-4609"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil Caporaso","raw_affiliation_strings":["NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NCI-DCEG, Rockville, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"76","issue":"14_Supplement","first_page":"2596","last_page":"2596"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-first-cigarette","display_name":"time to first cigarette","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer-risk","display_name":"lung cancer risk","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-dose-ct-screening","display_name":"low-dose CT screening","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-lung-screening-trial","display_name":"National Lung Screening Trial","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotine-dependence","display_name":"nicotine dependence","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer-incidence","display_name":"lung cancer incidence","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-cancer-mortality","display_name":"lung cancer mortality","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-prediction-model","display_name":"risk prediction model","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screening-thresholds","display_name":"screening thresholds","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screening-test-sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"screening sensitivity and specificity","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-behavior","display_name":"smoking behavior","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-stratification","display_name":"risk stratification","score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-control","display_name":"tobacco control","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8557888269424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776256026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912","display_name":"Lung cancer","level":2,"score":0.8489775657653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778321237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125886","display_name":"National Lung Screening Trial","level":4,"score":0.8341186046600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777405583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6704277","display_name":"Lung cancer screening","level":3,"score":0.7897140979766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6015898585319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.5531684756278992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207103383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246","display_name":"Hazard ratio","level":3,"score":0.546533465385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.5361288785934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.40111449360847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.267449289560318}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2596","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168522863","display_name":"Cancer Research","issn_l":"0008-5472","issn":["0008-5472","1538-7445"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320273","host_organization_name":"American Association for Cancer Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Cancer Research"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748701992","https://openalex.org/W3144453945","https://openalex.org/W2525151676","https://openalex.org/W2768808341","https://openalex.org/W2521170208","https://openalex.org/W2770931509","https://openalex.org/W2029944316","https://openalex.org/W2739946210","https://openalex.org/W2172062193","https://openalex.org/W7097179281"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1,124],"the":[2,8,50,84,88,92,239,359,365,382,466,471],"National":[3,458],"Lung":[4,459],"Screening":[5,460],"Trial":[6],"(NLST),":[7],"effectiveness":[9],"of":[10,35,44,53,87,91,114,126,164,179,212,367,465,470],"lung":[11,22,45,56,78,97,102,118,135,213,228,243,271,316,320,348,389,435,455],"cancer":[12,23,46,57,79,98,103,119,136,244,272,317,321,349,390,456],"screening":[13,70,127,152,199,327,334,368,406],"by":[14,326,374],"low-dose":[15],"computed":[16],"tomography":[17],"(CT)":[18],"depended":[19],"on":[20,155],"individual":[21],"risk.":[24,47],"Time":[25,449],"to":[26,248,260,315,333,358,450],"fist":[27],"cigarette":[28,453],"(TTFC)":[29],"is":[30],"an":[31,41],"easily":[32],"assessed":[33,59],"component":[34,90],"nicotine":[36],"dependency":[37],"that":[38,142],"may":[39,425],"be":[40,187,324],"independent":[42,51,383],"predictor":[43],"We":[48,72,147,236,380],"validated":[49],"association":[52,385],"TTFC":[54,62,76,252,268,283,337,357,387,396,420],"with":[55,172,234,262,266,329,336,394,409],"and":[58,77,81,100,117,184,215,233,277,298,388,416,454],"whether":[60],"including":[61,419],"into":[63],"risk":[64,120,138,156,175,195,361,372,422],"prediction":[65,362,423],"models":[66,141,231,424],"might":[67],"improve":[68],"CT":[69,405,434],"effectiveness.":[71],"examined":[73],"associations":[74],"between":[75,230,386],"incidence":[80,273],"mortality":[82,299],"in":[83,167,242,391,421,457],"18,729":[85],"participants":[86],"ACRIN":[89],"NLST,":[93],"which":[94],"included":[95,145],"773":[96],"diagnoses":[99],"299":[101],"deaths.":[104],"Multivariable":[105],"cox-proportional":[106],"hazard":[107],"regression":[108],"models,":[109],"adjusted":[110],"for":[111,282,369,474],"other":[112],"metrics":[113],"smoking":[115],"use":[116],"factors,":[121],"were":[122],"used.":[123],"terms":[125],"effectiveness,":[128],"we":[129,197],"predicted":[130],"each":[131,159,168,194,251],"participant's":[132],"5-year":[133,174],"cumulative":[134],"death":[137,245],"using":[139],"multivariable":[140,360],"excluded":[143],"or":[144,340],"TTFC.":[146,235,412],"then":[148],"investigated":[149],"3":[150],"possible":[151],"strategies":[153],"based":[154],"scores":[157],"from":[158,404,433],"model":[160,169],"(for":[161],"a":[162,173,395,410],"total":[163],"six":[165],"strategies):":[166],"scenario,":[170],"those":[171,429],"score":[176],"above":[177],"one":[178],"three":[180,371],"thresholds":[181,373],"(0.5%,":[182],"0.75%,":[183],"1%)":[185],"would":[186,191,204,220,323],"screened,":[188],"whereas":[189],"others":[190],"not.":[192],"For":[193],"threshold,":[196],"compared":[198,332],"sensitivities":[200],"(the":[201,217],"percentage":[202],"who":[203,210,219,430],"have":[205,222],"been":[206,223],"screened":[207,224],"among":[208,225],"smokers":[209,226,261,265,328,335,408],"died":[211],"cancer)":[214,229],"specificities":[216],"percentages":[218],"not":[221],"without":[227,232],"also":[237],"estimated":[238],"absolute":[240],"reduction":[241],"risk,":[246],"due":[247],"screening,":[249,318],"within":[250],"group":[253],"(<15,":[254],"15-59,":[255],"\u226560":[256],"minutes":[257],"(min)).":[258],"Compared":[259],"TTFC\u226560":[263,330],"min,":[264],"shorter":[267,411],"had":[269,401],"higher":[270],"[hazard":[274],"ratios":[275],"(HR)":[276],"95%":[278],"confidence":[279],"intervals":[280],"(CI)":[281],"30-59":[284],"min":[285,331,339,342,400],"=":[286,289,292,295,301,304,307,310],"1.69(1.19-2.41),":[287],"HR15-29min":[288,303],"1.72(1.22-2.43),":[290],"HR6-14min":[291,306],"2.05(1.48-2.84),":[293],"HR<5min":[294,309],"2.19(1.59-3.02),":[296],"p-trend<0.001]":[297],"[HR30-59min":[300],"2.10(1.11-3.96),":[302],"1.91(1.02-3.59),":[305],"2.59(1.43-4.69),":[308],"2.77(1.54-4.97),":[311],"p-trend<0.001].":[312],"With":[313],"regards":[314],"fewer":[319],"deaths":[322,350],"avoided":[325,351],"15-59":[338],"TTFC<15":[341],"(2.03":[343],"vs.":[344,346],"4.99":[345],"7.38":[347],"per":[352],"10000":[353],"person-years,":[354],"respectively).":[355],"Adding":[356],"algorithm":[363],"increased":[364],"specificity":[366,415],"all":[370],"1.6-2%":[375],"(p<0.01)":[376],"while":[377],"maintaining":[378,417],"sensitivity.":[379],"confirmed":[381],"inverse":[384],"NLST.":[392],"Smokers":[393],"greater":[397],"than":[398,407],"60":[399],"less":[402,432],"benefit":[403,431],"By":[413],"increasing":[414],"sensitivity,":[418],"more":[426],"precisely":[427],"identify":[428],"screening.":[436],"Citation":[437],"Format:":[438],"Fangyi":[439],"Gu,":[440],"Hormuzd":[441],"Katki,":[442],"Neal":[443],"Freedman,":[444],"Pam":[445],"Marcus,":[446],"Neil":[447],"Caporaso.":[448],"first":[451],"morning":[452],"Trial.":[461],"[abstract].":[462],"In:":[463],"Proceedings":[464],"107th":[467],"Annual":[468],"Meeting":[469],"American":[472],"Association":[473],"Cancer":[475,486],"Research;":[476],"2016":[477],"Apr":[478],"16-20;":[479],"New":[480],"Orleans,":[481],"LA.":[482],"Philadelphia":[483],"(PA):":[484],"AACR;":[485],"Res":[487],"2016;76(14":[488],"Suppl):Abstract":[489],"nr":[490],"2596.":[491]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}