{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2490718759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","title":"Socially Integrative Facilities and the Emergence of Societal Complexity on the Mongolian Steppe","display_name":"Socially Integrative Facilities and the Emergence of Societal Complexity on the Mongolian Steppe","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2490718759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","mag":"2490718759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Complexity in Prehistoric Eurasia","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W634996026","display_name":"Social Complexity in Prehistoric Eurasia"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000430200","display_name":"Jean\u2010Luc Houle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6711-3104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6711-3104","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1560-8399"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Luc Houle","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000430200"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5403,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.979531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"358","last_page":"377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13621","display_name":"Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies","score":0.6996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13621","display_name":"Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies","score":0.6996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12890","display_name":"Eurasian Exchange Networks","score":0.24549999833106995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13831","display_name":"Archaeological and Geological Studies","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nomadic-pastoralism","display_name":"nomadic pastoralism","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-complexity","display_name":"social complexity","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mongolian-steppe","display_name":"Mongolian steppe","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-bronze-age","display_name":"Late Bronze Age","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-differentiation","display_name":"social differentiation","score":0.6800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17616946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9056738","display_name":"Pastoralism","level":3,"score":0.7510901689529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5345757603645325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5105870366096497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5087164044380188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4805355668067932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993248341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Social organisation","level":2,"score":0.44392409920692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.41132745146751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3508484959602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.3414733409881592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26608806848526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26102620363235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23917022347450256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.19729262590408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.14468511939048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112964050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103459","display_name":"Livestock","level":2,"score":0.13041555881500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.09583324193954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511605376.020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Complexity in Prehistoric Eurasia","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W193435931","https://openalex.org/W2991639627","https://openalex.org/W2774355333","https://openalex.org/W4390811151","https://openalex.org/W2773061549","https://openalex.org/W2516308524","https://openalex.org/W6902710282","https://openalex.org/W2115067059","https://openalex.org/W6958119083","https://openalex.org/W4386418050"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nomadic":[0],"Polities:":[1],"The":[2,118],"Problem":[3],"T":[4],"he":[5],"tendency":[6],"for":[7],"pastoral":[8],"groups":[9],"to":[10,35,43,47,66,103,134],"exploit":[11],"marginal":[12],"environments":[13],"through":[14],"high":[15],"mobility":[16],"and":[17,27,85,140],"spatially":[18],"extensive":[19],"economies,":[20],"resulting":[21],"in":[22,125,169,182,192,200],"very":[23],"low":[24],"population":[25],"densities":[26],"unstable":[28],"surplus":[29],"production,":[30],"has":[31],"led":[32],"many":[33],"scholars":[34],"argue":[36],"that":[37,151],"nomadic":[38],"pastoralism":[39],"is":[40,63,122,175],"conducive":[41],"neither":[42],"political":[44],"centralization":[45],"nor":[46],"the":[48,68,144,201],"emergence":[49],"of":[50,146,155,188,197],"institutionalized":[51],"social":[52,157],"hierarchy":[53],"without":[54,94],"regular":[55,163],"interaction":[56,96,164],"with":[57,97,165],"already-existing":[58],"agricultural":[59],"state-level":[60],"societies.":[61],"This":[62],"often":[64],"referred":[65],"as":[67,178],"\u201cdependency\u201d":[69],"hypothesis":[70],"(Sahlins":[71],"1968;":[72],"Lattimore":[73],"1992;":[74],"Khazanov":[75],"1978,":[76],"1994;":[77],"Burnham":[78,112],"1979;":[79,81,83,111,113],"Irons":[80],"Krader":[82],"Jagchid":[84],"Symons":[86],"1989;":[87,90],"Barfield":[88],"1981,":[89],"Kradin":[91],"2002).":[92],"Accordingly,":[93],"such":[95],"sedentary":[98,167],"societies,":[99],"pastoralists":[100],"are":[101],"expected":[102],"form":[104],"at":[105,159],"most":[106],"\u201cegalitarian":[107],"\u201d":[108],"polities":[109],"(Irons":[110],"Salzman":[114],"1999,":[115],"2000,":[116],"2004).":[117],"Mongolian":[119],"case,":[120],"however,":[121],"particularly":[123],"perplexing":[124],"this":[126,198],"regard,":[127],"because":[128],"impressive":[129],"Late":[130],"Bronze":[131,202],"Age":[132,203],"(mid-second":[133],"mid-first":[135],"millennium":[136],"bce":[137],")":[138],"ritual":[139],"funerary":[141],"monuments":[142,190],"suggest":[143],"development":[145],"early":[147,183],"complex":[148],"societal":[149],"structures":[150],"exhibit":[152],"some":[153,187],"sort":[154],"formalized":[156],"differentiation":[158],"a":[160,179],"time":[161],"before":[162],"large":[166],"states":[168],"China":[170],"existed.":[171],"Significantly,":[172],"while":[173],"Mongolia":[174],"commonly":[176],"considered":[177],"\u201cperipheral\u201d":[180],"area":[181],"steppe":[184],"sociopolitical":[185],"dynamics,":[186],"these":[189],"surpass":[191],"aboveground":[193],"elaborateness":[194],"anything":[195],"else":[196],"nature":[199],"steppe.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}