{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2483922115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","title":"Industrial Relations in Europe","display_name":"Industrial Relations in Europe","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2483922115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","mag":"2483922115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-349-21847-9_13.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463716","display_name":"Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reshaping Europe in the Twenty-First Century","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076721553","display_name":"Reshaping Europe in the Twenty-First Century"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-349-21847-9_13.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113443552","display_name":"B. C. Roberts","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. C. Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113443552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.6111,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":264,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99321267,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"171","last_page":"186"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.5098000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.5098000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13088","display_name":"Legal and Labor Studies","score":0.478300005197525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13911","display_name":"Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies","score":0.007300000172108412,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-relations","display_name":"labor relations","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-integration","display_name":"European integration","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-commission","display_name":"European Commission","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-unions","display_name":"trade unions","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-political-union","display_name":"European political union","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-law","display_name":"labor law","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96146094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609057","display_name":"Unification","level":2,"score":0.8562891483306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38104776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932071","display_name":"Industrial relations","level":2,"score":0.7992525100708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020782553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8880","display_name":"European commission","level":3,"score":0.7072896361351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.6343694925308228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5470796227455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.5382018089294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5110912919044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.46581387519836426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780521234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2236575","display_name":"Social dialogue","level":2,"score":0.4195703864097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.3988426625728607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.36978501081466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3274754583835602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.2600768208503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24604317545890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09086787700653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08254861831665039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":10,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-349-21847-9_13.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463716","display_name":"Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reshaping Europe in the Twenty-First Century","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:51917","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/51917/1/2004.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/51917/1/2004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:51921","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/51921/1/2008.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/51921/1/2008.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:75876","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75876/1/2002.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75876/1/2002.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:75878","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75878/1/2006.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75878/1/2006.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:75880","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75880/1/2004.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75880/1/2004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:75882","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75882/1/2008.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75882/1/2008.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:75884","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75884/1/2010.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75884/1/2010.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aei.pitt.edu:75885","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75885/1/2012.pdf","pdf_url":"http://aei.pitt.edu/75885/1/2012.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401436","display_name":"Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"EU Commission - Working Document"},{"id":"pmh:oai:juser.fz-juelich.de:162662","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.jinr.ru/record/97239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Luxembourg : Off. for Official Publ. of the Europ. Communities","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21847-9_13","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-349-21847-9_13.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463716","display_name":"Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319703","host_organization_name":"Palgrave Macmillan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319703","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Palgrave Macmillan","Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Reshaping Europe in the Twenty-First Century","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.48510000109672546}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320353","display_name":"Health and Safety Executive","ror":"https://ror.org/00av5yz18"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2483922115.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2483922115.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488078419","https://openalex.org/W2085752922","https://openalex.org/W2086886682"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W581248026","https://openalex.org/W3173251511","https://openalex.org/W7065705660","https://openalex.org/W2259201519","https://openalex.org/W2063729479","https://openalex.org/W4232088292","https://openalex.org/W6958959900","https://openalex.org/W373453287","https://openalex.org/W2128476923","https://openalex.org/W2889242105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"has":[1],"long":[2],"been":[3],"an":[4],"objective":[5,45],"of":[6,9,16,24,29,49,55,66,83,86,109],"the":[7,17,22,25,47,50,53,63,67,71,77,98,107],"Directorate":[8,51],"Employment,":[10],"Industrial":[11],"Relations":[12],"and":[13,91,97,101],"Social":[14],"Affairs":[15],"European":[18,39,111],"Commission":[19],"to":[20,34,94,106],"promote":[21],"harmonisation":[23],"different":[26],"national":[27],"systems":[28,59],"industrial":[30,57],"relations":[31,58],"in":[32,70],"order":[33],"bring":[35,88],"about":[36],"a":[37,103,110],"unified":[38],"model.":[40],"The":[41],"inspiration":[42],"for":[43],"this":[44],"is":[46],"belief":[48],"that":[52],"unification":[54],"Europe\u2019s":[56],"\u2014":[60,73],"based":[61],"on":[62],"Commission\u2019s":[64],"notion":[65],"best":[68],"practices":[69],"Community":[72],"would":[74],"significantly":[75],"benefit":[76],"trade":[78],"unions,":[79],"improve":[80],"productive":[81],"efficiency":[82],"all":[84],"forms":[85],"enterprise,":[87],"tangible":[89],"economic":[90],"social":[92],"benefits":[93],"employees,":[95],"employers":[96],"general":[99],"public,":[100],"make":[102],"major":[104],"contribution":[105],"achievement":[108],"political":[112],"union.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}
