{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2483699203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","title":"The making of international law","display_name":"The making of international law","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2483699203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","mag":"2483699203"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Law","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2181851784","display_name":"International Law"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076230331","display_name":"Jan Klabbers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-1981","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5354-1981"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan Klabbers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Helsinki"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Helsinki","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076230331"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.5286,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9927848,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"21","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10749","display_name":"International Law and Human Rights","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10749","display_name":"International Law and Human Rights","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14012","display_name":"Comparative and International Law Studies","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14268","display_name":"Evolving Legal Systems and Governance","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sources-of-international-law","display_name":"sources of international law","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-consent","display_name":"state consent","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-sovereignty","display_name":"state sovereignty","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-sources","display_name":"sources of law","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-organizations","display_name":"international organizations","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-society","display_name":"civil society","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-governmental-organizations","display_name":"non-governmental organizations","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-law","display_name":"soft law","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transnational-networks","display_name":"transnational networks","score":0.35100001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.73326575756073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5802809596061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186229450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42008","display_name":"Sovereignty","level":3,"score":0.5602484345436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55447825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4394526","display_name":"International law","level":2,"score":0.447699636220932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8705443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8009938","display_name":"Municipal law","level":3,"score":0.43795448541641235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4170328974723816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0825130045413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.03854024410247803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Law","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9595999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17790819","https://openalex.org/W38006490","https://openalex.org/W275182629","https://openalex.org/W561374935","https://openalex.org/W605373224","https://openalex.org/W632422959","https://openalex.org/W1518464779","https://openalex.org/W1535155100","https://openalex.org/W1557550069","https://openalex.org/W1576632330","https://openalex.org/W1579632387","https://openalex.org/W1858207329","https://openalex.org/W1965902768","https://openalex.org/W1969756835","https://openalex.org/W1969857369","https://openalex.org/W1981364594","https://openalex.org/W2014700445","https://openalex.org/W2020519369","https://openalex.org/W2026419485","https://openalex.org/W2029084230","https://openalex.org/W2068774858","https://openalex.org/W2124290027","https://openalex.org/W2137105903","https://openalex.org/W2158337008","https://openalex.org/W2170369980","https://openalex.org/W2183793449","https://openalex.org/W2227655110","https://openalex.org/W2314904110","https://openalex.org/W2323987139","https://openalex.org/W2334779492","https://openalex.org/W2335333569","https://openalex.org/W2481733869","https://openalex.org/W2502770796","https://openalex.org/W2592272289","https://openalex.org/W2735267370","https://openalex.org/W2902904173","https://openalex.org/W2904203546","https://openalex.org/W2938826922","https://openalex.org/W3149563113","https://openalex.org/W3178272346","https://openalex.org/W4235073904","https://openalex.org/W4240712186","https://openalex.org/W4252612126","https://openalex.org/W4403407487"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2969407363","https://openalex.org/W2221962959","https://openalex.org/W4236524180","https://openalex.org/W4246674421","https://openalex.org/W4402569321","https://openalex.org/W4402160369","https://openalex.org/W7151961180","https://openalex.org/W2924580364","https://openalex.org/W4402420332","https://openalex.org/W7165071531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION":[0],"International":[1,74],"law,":[2,214],"so":[3],"many":[4],"claim,":[5],"is":[6,30,38,64,85,88,122,126,148,152,205,241],"predominantly":[7],"made":[8,50],"by":[9],"states,":[10],"and":[11,35,95,120,181,254,277,292],"this":[12,123],"still":[13],"holds":[14],"true":[15],"in":[16,117,162,184,193,258],"large":[17],"measure.":[18],"Since":[19],"states":[20,271],"are":[21,156,266],"considered":[22],"to":[23,67,207],"be":[24,49,59,68,283],"sovereign,":[25],"it":[26,43,84,121,151,188],"follows":[27,44],"that":[28,45,112,125,145,154,170,192,209],"there":[29,37,87,155,265],"no":[31,39,89],"authority":[32,40,228],"above":[33,41],"them;":[34],"if":[36],"them,":[42],"law":[46,63,75,159,279],"can":[47,212,217,272,280],"only":[48],"with":[51],"their":[52,220],"consent":[53],"\u2013":[54],"otherwise":[55],"the":[56,92,102,105,113,137,140,146,171,176,179,185,194,198,227,234,238,249,259],"system":[57],"would":[58],"authoritarian.":[60],"Hence,":[61],"international":[62,99,210,262],"often":[65,127],"said":[66],"a":[69,79,108,130,134],"consent-based":[70],"(or":[71],"consensual)":[72],"system.":[73],"does":[76],"not":[77,149,160],"have":[78,202],"specific":[80],"document":[81],"specifying":[82],"how":[83],"made;":[86],"treaty":[90,224],"on":[91],"correct":[93],"ways":[94],"processes":[96],"for":[97,133,200],"making":[98,260],"law.":[100,141,263],"Instead,":[101],"Statute":[103,165,177],"of":[104,110,136,139,158,178,229,237,251,261,289],"ICJ":[106],"contains":[107],"listing":[109,124],"instruments":[111],"Court":[114],"may":[115],"apply":[116],"deciding":[118],"cases,":[119],"used":[128],"as":[129,222],"starting":[131],"point":[132],"discussion":[135,243],"sources":[138,157],"This":[142],"already":[143,174],"suggests":[144],"list":[147,173],"exhaustive;":[150],"possible":[153],"mentioned":[161],"article":[163],"38":[164],"ICJ.":[166],"And":[167,264],"indeed,":[168],"recalling":[169],"same":[172],"graced":[175],"PCIJ":[180],"was":[182],"drafted":[183],"early":[186],"1920s,":[187],"seems":[189],"eminently":[190],"plausible":[191,206],"years":[195],"since":[196,226],"then,":[197],"possibilities":[199],"law-making":[201],"expanded.":[203],"It":[204],"say":[208],"organizations":[211,256],"make":[213,273],"although":[215],"one":[216],"also":[218],"explain":[219],"resolutions":[221,231],"being":[223],"based,":[225],"such":[230],"derives":[232],"from":[233],"constitutive":[235],"instrument":[236],"organization.":[239],"There":[240],"widespread":[242],"(if":[244],"little":[245],"truly":[246],"conclusive)":[247],"about":[248,269],"role":[250],"civil":[252,290],"society":[253],"non-governmental":[255],"(NGOs)":[257],"heated":[267],"debates":[268],"whether":[270,278],"so-called":[274],"\u2018soft":[275],"law\u2019,":[276],"(and":[281],"should":[282],"allowed":[284],"to)":[285],"arise":[286],"through":[287],"networks":[288],"servants":[291],"regulators.":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}