{"id":"https://openalex.org/W24821413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","title":"Backpropagation neural networks","display_name":"Backpropagation neural networks","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W24821413","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","mag":"24821413"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69755223","display_name":"Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems","issn_l":"0169-7439","issn":["0169-7439","1873-3239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052258277","display_name":"Barry J. Wythoff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Barry J. Wythoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inorganic Analytical Research Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inorganic Analytical Research Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052258277"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"],"apc_list":{"value":3970,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3970},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.7204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":385,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99063711,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"115","last_page":"155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/back-propagation-neural-network","display_name":"BP neural network","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network","display_name":"artificial neural networks","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network-theory","display_name":"neural network theory","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network-implementation","display_name":"neural network implementation","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-network-development","display_name":"neural network development","score":0.5730000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.8619149327278137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.8079016208648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7391490936279297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7359188199043274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5735962986946106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5190570950508118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4189181327819824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177973122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860946","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","level":4,"score":0.4112452566623688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3459014892578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32898402214050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.2845146656036377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.23278960585594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-j","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S69755223","display_name":"Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems","issn_l":"0169-7439","issn":["0169-7439","1873-3239"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85259421","https://openalex.org/W1573503290","https://openalex.org/W1585803900","https://openalex.org/W1606205055","https://openalex.org/W1870611936","https://openalex.org/W1968263491","https://openalex.org/W1971506130","https://openalex.org/W1974713814","https://openalex.org/W1995341919","https://openalex.org/W2005081202","https://openalex.org/W2008218683","https://openalex.org/W2009320503","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2026667167","https://openalex.org/W2030660285","https://openalex.org/W2030715569","https://openalex.org/W2031585281","https://openalex.org/W2032052327","https://openalex.org/W2035066314","https://openalex.org/W2035158323","https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2042346822","https://openalex.org/W2048522468","https://openalex.org/W2056398731","https://openalex.org/W2071345536","https://openalex.org/W2074958759","https://openalex.org/W2079335151","https://openalex.org/W2081069937","https://openalex.org/W2083918846","https://openalex.org/W2088882033","https://openalex.org/W2116594222","https://openalex.org/W2119423166","https://openalex.org/W2160208155","https://openalex.org/W2463835001","https://openalex.org/W2513089610","https://openalex.org/W3121926921","https://openalex.org/W6664580658"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099758754","https://openalex.org/W2759484164","https://openalex.org/W2478776911","https://openalex.org/W110283499","https://openalex.org/W2374193693","https://openalex.org/W1579198272","https://openalex.org/W2137565940","https://openalex.org/W2006275398","https://openalex.org/W3165837676","https://openalex.org/W4362674984"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}