{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2477678343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","title":"[70]PCBM and Incompletely Separated Grades of Methanofullerenes Produce Bulk Heterojunctions with Increased Robustness for Ultra-Flexible and Stretchable Electronics","display_name":"[70]PCBM and Incompletely Separated Grades of Methanofullerenes Produce Bulk Heterojunctions with Increased Robustness for Ultra-Flexible and Stretchable Electronics","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2477678343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","mag":"2477678343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66104727","display_name":"Chemistry of Materials","issn_l":"0897-4756","issn":["0897-4756","1520-5002"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chemistry of Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.rug.nl/files/85056977/_70_PCBM_and_Incompletely_Separated_Grades_of_Methanofullerenes_Produce_Bulk.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001355965","display_name":"Suchol Savagatrup","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8286-8836","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8286-8836"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suchol Savagatrup","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036505156","display_name":"Daniel Rodriquez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-2130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9423-2130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Rodriquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082991581","display_name":"Adam D. Printz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-7792","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-7792"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam D. Printz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111878408","display_name":"Alexander B. Sieval","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124075","display_name":"Solenne (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/031kkyn50","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124075"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander B. Sieval","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solenne BV, Zernikepark 6-8, 9747 AN, Groningen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solenne BV, Zernikepark 6-8, 9747 AN, Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000680547","display_name":"Jan Cornelis Hummelen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-6255","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-6255"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","display_name":"University of Groningen","ror":"https://ror.org/012p63287","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124075","display_name":"Solenne (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/031kkyn50","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280116","display_name":"Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/02fc7pq83","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384","https://openalex.org/I4405280116"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan C. Hummelen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solenne BV, Zernikepark 6-8, 9747 AN, Groningen, The Netherlands","Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solenne BV, Zernikepark 6-8, 9747 AN, Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stratingh Institute for Chemistry and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169381384","https://openalex.org/I4405280116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090795415","display_name":"Darren J. Lipomi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-7765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-7765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Darren J. Lipomi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0448, La Jolla, California 92093-0448, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090795415"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4926,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94915367,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"11","first_page":"3902","last_page":"3911"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10956","display_name":"Fullerene Chemistry and Applications","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10611","display_name":"Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methanofullerenes","display_name":"methanofullerenes","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulk-heterojunction","display_name":"bulk heterojunction","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-solar-cells","display_name":"organic solar cells","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stretchable-electronics","display_name":"stretchable electronics","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-electronics","display_name":"flexible electronics","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tensile-modulus","display_name":"tensile modulus","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/film-brittleness","display_name":"film brittleness","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-compliance","display_name":"mechanical compliance","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-stability","display_name":"mechanical stability","score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roll-to-roll-manufacturing","display_name":"roll-to-roll processing","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/van-der-waals-solids","display_name":"van der Waals solids","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strain-tolerance","display_name":"strain tolerance","score":0.3089999854564667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8070025444030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66187686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472888","display_name":"Polymer solar cell","level":3,"score":0.5155508518218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.4995710849761963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.4792385399341583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.47642311453819275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4332825541496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79794668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616270","display_name":"Heterojunction","level":2,"score":0.4282737970352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91614233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472888","display_name":"Organic solar cell","level":3,"score":0.41200146079063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136478896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898288","display_name":"Brittleness","level":2,"score":0.4112311601638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07780617475509644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66104727","display_name":"Chemistry of Materials","issn_l":"0897-4756","issn":["0897-4756","1520-5002"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chemistry of Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/0ff742b4-bbd8-498a-8009-d04fd2fdb848","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/files/85056977/_70_PCBM_and_Incompletely_Separated_Grades_of_Methanofullerenes_Produce_Bulk.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Savagatrup, S, Rodriquez, D, Printz, A D, Sieval, A B, Hummelen, J C & Lipomi, D J 2015, '[70]PCBM and Incompletely Separated Grades of Methanofullerenes Produce Bulk Heterojunctions with Increased Robustness for Ultra-Flexible and Stretchable Electronics', Chemistry of Materials, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 3902-3911. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:rug:oai:pure.rug.nl:publications/0ff742b4-bbd8-498a-8009-d04fd2fdb848","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/0ff742b4-bbd8-498a-8009-d04fd2fdb848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chemistry of Materials, 27(11), 3902 - 3911. AMER CHEMICAL SOC","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.rug.nl:openaire/0ff742b4-bbd8-498a-8009-d04fd2fdb848","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.rug.nl/files/85056977/_70_PCBM_and_Incompletely_Separated_Grades_of_Methanofullerenes_Produce_Bulk.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400420","display_name":"University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169381384","host_organization_name":"University of Groningen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169381384"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Savagatrup, S, Rodriquez, D, Printz, A D, Sieval, A B, Hummelen, J C & Lipomi, D J 2015, '[70]PCBM and Incompletely Separated Grades of Methanofullerenes Produce Bulk Heterojunctions with Increased Robustness for Ultra-Flexible and Stretchable Electronics', Chemistry of Materials, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 3902-3911. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00638","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.75}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1523888516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4026863680","display_name":"Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP)","funder_award_id":"1144086","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4353546625","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-1144086","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337368","funder_display_name":"Division of Graduate Education"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G855115058","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-13-1-0156","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332603","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337368","display_name":"Division of Graduate Education","ror":"https://ror.org/00whkrf32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1882454374","https://openalex.org/W1969963291","https://openalex.org/W1972461614","https://openalex.org/W1986773313","https://openalex.org/W1990848163","https://openalex.org/W1994327301","https://openalex.org/W1998201414","https://openalex.org/W2001310272","https://openalex.org/W2002792351","https://openalex.org/W2005355378","https://openalex.org/W2005385804","https://openalex.org/W2011117704","https://openalex.org/W2011667905","https://openalex.org/W2012143220","https://openalex.org/W2017457306","https://openalex.org/W2025510104","https://openalex.org/W2040402389","https://openalex.org/W2041769139","https://openalex.org/W2043553235","https://openalex.org/W2043942465","https://openalex.org/W2046488594","https://openalex.org/W2047100707","https://openalex.org/W2049575788","https://openalex.org/W2050739819","https://openalex.org/W2055545077","https://openalex.org/W2060925431","https://openalex.org/W2062680908","https://openalex.org/W2073126198","https://openalex.org/W2076588815","https://openalex.org/W2078201858","https://openalex.org/W2085503899","https://openalex.org/W2087195352","https://openalex.org/W2087761498","https://openalex.org/W2088750456","https://openalex.org/W2089721082","https://openalex.org/W2098326419","https://openalex.org/W2098589045","https://openalex.org/W2100436521","https://openalex.org/W2103735091","https://openalex.org/W2113846796","https://openalex.org/W2116113920","https://openalex.org/W2117807136","https://openalex.org/W2123623917","https://openalex.org/W2135862842","https://openalex.org/W2136113672","https://openalex.org/W2137298731","https://openalex.org/W2154339880","https://openalex.org/W2160916688","https://openalex.org/W2161469832","https://openalex.org/W2170221507","https://openalex.org/W2170342251","https://openalex.org/W2170456537","https://openalex.org/W2317295043","https://openalex.org/W2318035183","https://openalex.org/W2323358902","https://openalex.org/W2323524589","https://openalex.org/W2326578882","https://openalex.org/W2328908846","https://openalex.org/W2330179261","https://openalex.org/W3103514251","https://openalex.org/W4249855011"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116113920","https://openalex.org/W2130972704","https://openalex.org/W3036185742","https://openalex.org/W2115090986","https://openalex.org/W2055545077","https://openalex.org/W1999550776","https://openalex.org/W2963872797","https://openalex.org/W2767108179","https://openalex.org/W2499467706","https://openalex.org/W7128927479"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"organic":[1,132],"solar":[2,133,315],"cell":[3],"based":[4],"on":[5],"a":[6,11,14,20,161],"bulk":[7],"heterojunction":[8],"(BHJ)":[9],"of":[10,62,78,130,142,146,155,182,193,214,242,264,295,302],"polymer":[12],"and":[13,28,33,46,60,69,72,93,96,152,158,160,165,216,335],"methanofullerene":[15,148,249],"([60]PCBM":[16],"or":[17,102,124],"[70]PCBM)":[18,125],"exhibits":[19],"complex":[21],"morphology":[22],"that":[23,99,110,314],"controls":[24],"both":[25,156],"its":[26],"photovoltaic":[27],"mechanical":[29,88,139,337],"compliance":[30],"(robustness,":[31],"flexibility,":[32],"stretchability).":[34],"Methanofullerenes":[35],"are":[36,185,200,218,227,290],"excellent":[37,240],"electron":[38],"acceptors;":[39],"however,":[40],"they":[41],"have":[42,322],"relatively":[43],"high":[44],"cost":[45,129,334],"production":[47],"energy":[48],"(in":[49],"the":[50,76,85,108,128,143,278,293,296,306],"purest":[51],"samples)":[52],"compared":[53],"to":[54,176,221,237,292,325],"other":[55],"small-molecule":[56],"semiconductors.":[57],"Moreover,":[58],"[60]PCBM":[59,123,157,164,215,272],"[70]PCBM\u2014typical":[61],"van":[63],"der":[64],"Waals":[65],"solids\u2014can":[66],"be":[67,238],"stiff":[68],"brittle.":[70],"Stiffness":[71],"brittleness":[73],"may":[74],"lower":[75,127],"yield":[77],"working":[79],"modules":[80],"in":[81,90],"roll-to-roll":[82],"manufacturing,":[83],"shorten":[84],"lifetime":[86],"against":[87],"failure":[89],"outdoor":[91],"conditions,":[92],"jeopardize":[94],"wearable":[95],"portable":[97],"applications":[98],"demand":[100],"stretchability":[101,265],"extreme":[103],"flexibility.":[104],"This":[105],"paper":[106],"tests":[107],"hypothesis":[109],"\u201ctechnical":[111,150],"grade\u201d":[112],"PCBM":[113],"(incompletely":[114],"separated":[115],"but":[116,331],"otherwise":[117],"pure":[118,183,194],"blends":[119,170],"containing":[120],"\u2265":[121],"90%":[122],"could":[126],"manufacturing":[131],"cells":[134,316],"while":[135,277],"simultaneously":[136],"increasing":[137],"their":[138,169],"stability.":[140],"Measurements":[141],"tensile":[144],"modulus":[145,234],"five":[147,187],"samples,":[149],"grades\u201d":[151],"99%":[153,231,259,271],"grades":[154,213],"[70]PCBM,":[159,166],"1:1":[162],"mixture":[163],"along":[167],"with":[168,171,198,206,246,258,270,318,328,332],"regioregular":[172],"poly(3-hexylthiophene)":[173],"(P3HT),":[174],"lead":[175],"two":[177,220],"important":[178],"conclusions:":[179],"(1)":[180],"films":[181,192,197,210,228,298],"[70]PCBM":[184,199,217,285,321],"approximately":[186,219],"times":[188,223,253],"more":[189,202,224],"compliant":[190,203,225],"than":[191,204,226,255],"[60]PCBM;":[195],"BHJ":[196,209],"also":[201],"those":[205,256,326],"[60]PCBM.":[207],"(2)":[208],"comprising":[211],"technical":[212,247,283,319],"four":[222],"made":[229,317,327],"using":[230,305],"grades.":[232,260],"Tensile":[233],"is":[235],"found":[236,267,281],"an":[239],"predictor":[241],"brittleness:":[243],"BHJs":[244,269],"produced":[245,257],"grade":[248,284,320],"accommodate":[250],"strains":[251],"1.4\u20132.2":[252],"greater":[254],"The":[261],"smallest":[262],"range":[263],"was":[266,280],"for":[268,282],"(fracture":[273],"at":[274],"3.5%":[275],"strain),":[276],"greatest":[279],"(11.5%":[286],"strain).":[287],"Mechanical":[288],"properties":[289],"correlated":[291],"microstructures":[294],"blended":[297],"informed":[299],"from":[300],"analyses":[301],"UV\u2013vis":[303],"spectra":[304],"weakly":[307],"interacting":[308],"H-aggregate":[309],"model.":[310],"Photovoltaic":[311],"measurements":[312],"show":[313],"similar":[323],"efficiencies":[324],"higher-grade":[329],"material":[330],"decreased":[333],"increased":[336],"robustness.":[338]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}