{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2477123740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","title":"Design of a UWB Reflectarray as an Impedance Surface Using Bessel Filters","display_name":"Design of a UWB Reflectarray as an Impedance Surface Using Bessel Filters","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2477123740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","mag":"2477123740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2477123740"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100426908","display_name":"Liang Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6044-8358","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6044-8358"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","[Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6044-8358","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017724556","display_name":"Sean V. Hum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8797-0039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8797-0039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Victor Hum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","[Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8797-0039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7004,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83682201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"10","first_page":"4242","last_page":"4255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultra-wideband-antenna","display_name":"ultra-wideband antenna","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectarray-antenna","display_name":"reflectarray antenna","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impedance-surface","display_name":"impedance surface","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bessel-filter","display_name":"Bessel filter","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subwavelength-unit-cells","display_name":"subwavelength unit cells","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"beam steering","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-dispersion","display_name":"temporal dispersion","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-band","display_name":"C-band","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-band","display_name":"X-band","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46416853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254758","display_name":"Passband","level":3,"score":0.7804288864135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107706756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219637","display_name":"Bessel function","level":2,"score":0.6808435916900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177798896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830123","display_name":"Bessel filter","level":5,"score":0.596439778804779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5914573073387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5799392461776733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.5398338437080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123792056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q365988","display_name":"Group delay and phase delay","level":3,"score":0.4805322289466858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.43228456377983093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.41948607563972473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3483238220214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147788027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2718101","display_name":"Band-pass filter","level":2,"score":0.3386757969856262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.33036738634109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.319424033164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19816401600837708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1957222819328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18984943628311157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10628310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q619458","display_name":"Orthogonal polynomials","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78540521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498246","display_name":"Gegenbauer polynomials","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21736991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17006917","display_name":"Classical orthogonal polynomials","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2016.2594056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319948","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86758720","https://openalex.org/W335380265","https://openalex.org/W1913381342","https://openalex.org/W1968050140","https://openalex.org/W1977650455","https://openalex.org/W1977706751","https://openalex.org/W1989860756","https://openalex.org/W1996605908","https://openalex.org/W2005799076","https://openalex.org/W2014094736","https://openalex.org/W2019595521","https://openalex.org/W2083562751","https://openalex.org/W2085808510","https://openalex.org/W2086662056","https://openalex.org/W2101045984","https://openalex.org/W2104416905","https://openalex.org/W2110099429","https://openalex.org/W2127123553","https://openalex.org/W2134165238","https://openalex.org/W2148387623","https://openalex.org/W2149216111","https://openalex.org/W2149219849","https://openalex.org/W2152463001","https://openalex.org/W2157277590","https://openalex.org/W2160167096","https://openalex.org/W2161497145","https://openalex.org/W2315715292","https://openalex.org/W4205669545","https://openalex.org/W4233509296"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1928642441","https://openalex.org/W3006922524","https://openalex.org/W2089129839","https://openalex.org/W4407785187","https://openalex.org/W2562847337","https://openalex.org/W4210709058","https://openalex.org/W1977650455","https://openalex.org/W7110612437","https://openalex.org/W2418538114","https://openalex.org/W2746723815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"develops":[2],"a":[3,16,30,93],"framework":[4],"for":[5,92],"designing":[6],"wideband":[7],"reflectarray":[8,12,89,95],"antennas.":[9],"The":[10,34],"proposed":[11,88,121],"is":[13,26,53,98],"implemented":[14],"as":[15],"scalar":[17],"impedance":[18],"surface":[19],"composed":[20],"of":[21,72,86],"subwavelength":[22],"elements,":[23],"whose":[24],"response":[25],"designed":[27,58],"to":[28,76,100,111],"realize":[29,77],"Bessel":[31,61,79],"filter":[32,62,74],"response.":[33],"underlying":[35],"unit":[36],"cells":[37],"therefore":[38],"have":[39,101],"maximum":[40],"group":[41,46],"delay":[42,47],"bandwidth":[43,66],"with":[44],"no":[45],"ripples":[48],"in":[49],"the":[50,56,70,73,78,87,120],"passband.":[51],"It":[52,97],"shown":[54,99],"that":[55],"reflectarrays":[57],"using":[59],"this":[60],"approach":[63],"exhibit":[64],"wide":[65],"only":[67],"limited":[68],"by":[69,119],"order":[71],"used":[75],"filter.":[80],"Simulated":[81],"and":[82,105],"measured":[83],"antenna":[84],"characteristics":[85,104],"are":[90],"presented":[91],"C-/X-band":[94],"design.":[96],"good":[102],"beam":[103],"ultra-low":[106],"temporal":[107],"dispersion":[108],"from":[109],"5":[110],"10":[112],"GHz,":[113],"two":[114],"attractive":[115],"qualities":[116],"accomplished":[117],"simultaneously":[118],"reflectarray.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-08-23T00:00:00"}