{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2474130863","doi":null,"title":"Examining the development of pragmatics of Chinese JFL students","display_name":"Examining the development of pragmatics of Chinese JFL students","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2474130863","mag":"2474130863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:28074","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/1/cao_etd2016.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/1/cao_etd2016.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/1/cao_etd2016.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101264301","display_name":"Yuning Cao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuning Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101264301"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.010300000198185444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interlanguage-pragmatics","display_name":"interlanguage pragmatics","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/requests","display_name":"requests","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-act-theory","display_name":"speech act theory","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pragmatic-transfer","display_name":"pragmatic transfer","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-as-a-foreign-language","display_name":"Japanese as a foreign language","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-learners-of-japanese","display_name":"Chinese learners of Japanese","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pragmatic-development","display_name":"pragmatic development","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discourse-completion-test","display_name":"discourse completion test","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/native-speaker-comparison","display_name":"native speaker comparison","score":0.5189999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11693617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181839","display_name":"Pragmatics","level":2,"score":0.9524490237236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207489910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201217","display_name":"Interlanguage","level":2,"score":0.742560088634491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6960926651954651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5121643543243408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777019801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5100702","display_name":"Chinese as a foreign language","level":2,"score":0.4940703213214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171041071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36870","display_name":"First language","level":2,"score":0.49182915687561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.45418253540992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170350167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455178","display_name":"Second-language acquisition","level":2,"score":0.4360145628452301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.41085484623908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32858580350875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.22772184014320374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15035590529441833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11155998706817627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:28074","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/1/cao_etd2016.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/1/cao_etd2016.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"mag:2474130863","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:28074","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/1/cao_etd2016.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28074/1/cao_etd2016.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6164000034332275}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2474130863.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2474130863.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66584124","https://openalex.org/W68886313","https://openalex.org/W113295754","https://openalex.org/W140421624","https://openalex.org/W154978495","https://openalex.org/W260880207","https://openalex.org/W289554509","https://openalex.org/W312697522","https://openalex.org/W313442205","https://openalex.org/W564955273","https://openalex.org/W652955698","https://openalex.org/W653475527","https://openalex.org/W659176159","https://openalex.org/W1503981134","https://openalex.org/W1523091851","https://openalex.org/W1548978509","https://openalex.org/W1568602743","https://openalex.org/W1572057613","https://openalex.org/W1576632330","https://openalex.org/W1892777764","https://openalex.org/W1950373200","https://openalex.org/W1968342790","https://openalex.org/W1973497215","https://openalex.org/W1975039486","https://openalex.org/W1979610893","https://openalex.org/W1993317625","https://openalex.org/W2001447260","https://openalex.org/W2002969177","https://openalex.org/W2010565941","https://openalex.org/W2018024354","https://openalex.org/W2072404599","https://openalex.org/W2079241637","https://openalex.org/W2080175455","https://openalex.org/W2082364922","https://openalex.org/W2084696056","https://openalex.org/W2091388708","https://openalex.org/W2091869317","https://openalex.org/W2094527973","https://openalex.org/W2100994880","https://openalex.org/W2155389693","https://openalex.org/W2249890933","https://openalex.org/W2260831379","https://openalex.org/W2375880464","https://openalex.org/W2506157773","https://openalex.org/W2556765468","https://openalex.org/W2563009734","https://openalex.org/W2581820333","https://openalex.org/W2609665725","https://openalex.org/W2621937117","https://openalex.org/W2625418073","https://openalex.org/W2891822019"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362503032","https://openalex.org/W4288076618","https://openalex.org/W3135467823","https://openalex.org/W2283456287","https://openalex.org/W1544416579","https://openalex.org/W7207554782","https://openalex.org/W2351514419","https://openalex.org/W1539117303","https://openalex.org/W4388865072","https://openalex.org/W4297510103"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,165],"field":[1],"of":[2,15,31,33,36,150,174,180,187,194],"interlanguage":[3,176],"pragmatics":[4,32,163,196],"has":[5],"burgeoned":[6],"since":[7],"late":[8],"20th":[9],"century.":[10],"Requests,":[11],"as":[12,52,77,79],"a":[13,53,73,153,178],"part":[14,186],"speech":[16,99],"act":[17],"theory,":[18],"have":[19],"been":[20],"investigated":[21],"by":[22,43],"many":[23],"scholars.":[24],"This":[25],"cross-sectional":[26],"study":[27,166],"explores":[28],"the":[29,84,94,113,121,126,135,145,151,172,188,211],"acquisition":[30],"Chinese":[34],"learners":[35,71,158],"Japanese":[37,70,195,219],"in":[38,75,83,199],"foreign":[39],"language":[40],"contexts":[41],"(JFL)":[42],"examining":[44],"their":[45],"request":[46],"usages,":[47],"which":[48],"incorporates":[49],"pragmatic":[50],"transfer":[51],"tool":[54],"to":[55,65,80,86,93,125,140],"interpret":[56],"data.":[57],"Discourse":[58],"completion":[59],"task":[60],"(DCT)":[61],"questionnaires":[62],"were":[63,90],"distributed":[64],"first-year,":[66],"second-year":[67,127,146],"and":[68,106,159,191,205],"fourth-year":[69,136],"at":[72,197],"university":[74],"China,":[76],"well":[78],"native":[81,160],"speakers":[82,161],"U.S.":[85],"elicit":[87],"requests.":[88],"Requests":[89],"analyzed":[91],"according":[92],"following":[95],"six":[96],"categories:":[97],"perspectives,":[98],"levels,":[100],"strategies,":[101],"syntactic":[102],"downgraders,":[103,105],"semantic":[104],"supportive":[107],"moves.":[108],"Based":[109],"on":[110,171],"data":[111],"analysis,":[112],"preliminary":[114],"findings":[115,212],"are:":[116],"1)":[117],"Significant":[118],"improvement":[119],"from":[120,177],"first-":[122],"year":[123],"group":[124,128,137],"can":[129,183],"be":[130],"observed.":[131],"2)":[132],"In":[133],"general,":[134],"performed":[138],"similar":[139],"or":[141],"less":[142],"native-like":[143],"than":[144],"group.":[147],"3)":[148],"Regardless":[149],"advancement,":[152],"gap":[154],"still":[155],"exists":[156],"between":[157],"regarding":[162],"proficiency.":[164],"not":[167],"only":[168],"sheds":[169],"light":[170],"evolution":[173],"learners\u2019":[175],"perspective":[179],"pragmatics,":[181],"but":[182],"also":[184],"reveal":[185],"current":[189],"teaching":[190],"learning":[192],"situations":[193],"universities":[198],"China.":[200],"By":[201],"discussing":[202],"learners'":[203],"success":[204],"potential":[206],"areas":[207],"that":[208],"need":[209],"developing,":[210],"could":[213],"provide":[214],"some":[215],"meaningful":[216],"implications":[217],"for":[218],"pedagogy.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}