{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2473670022","doi":null,"title":"LEOPARD FROGS (RANA PIPIENS COMPLEX) IN CENTRAL TEXAS","display_name":"LEOPARD FROGS (RANA PIPIENS COMPLEX) IN CENTRAL TEXAS","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2473670022","mag":"2473670022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2473670022","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/2408600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013691786","display_name":"Thomas D. Kocher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-0133","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-0133"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas D. Kocher","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7547-0133","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063905166","display_name":"Richard D. Sage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0897-6927","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0897-6927"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard D. Sage","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0897-6927","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30834433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10012","display_name":"Genetic diversity and population structure","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10012","display_name":"Genetic diversity and population structure","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10332","display_name":"Amphibian and Reptile Biology","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leopard-frog","display_name":"leopard frog","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-zone","display_name":"hybrid zone","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linkage-disequilibrium","display_name":"linkage disequilibrium","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterozygosity","display_name":"heterozygosity","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allele-frequency-clines","display_name":"allele frequency clines","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilocus-analysis","display_name":"multilocus analysis","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-texas","display_name":"central Texas","score":0.4659999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67205732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q966735","display_name":"Cline (biology)","level":3,"score":0.8933769464492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7343696355819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7649158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10395284","display_name":"Hybrid zone","level":5,"score":0.6680978536605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776243061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34706","display_name":"Leopard","level":2,"score":0.6651026010513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.5178123116493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48189365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42621","display_name":"Hybrid","level":2,"score":0.4805091619491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778146401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10916362","display_name":"Disequilibrium","level":2,"score":0.469596266746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35605836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2064311","display_name":"Linkage disequilibrium","level":5,"score":0.4558776915073395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.40591368079185486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.34432607889175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.198255717754364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.19050320982933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.1851474940776825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.18214815855026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197754878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80711","display_name":"Haplotype","level":4,"score":0.17879116535186768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68873052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856","display_name":"Genetic variation","level":3,"score":0.13536474108695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107023163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143089","display_name":"Gene flow","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2473670022","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/2408600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965368044","https://openalex.org/W1973492244","https://openalex.org/W1977419529","https://openalex.org/W1979751050","https://openalex.org/W2008951726","https://openalex.org/W2032417701","https://openalex.org/W2133988798","https://openalex.org/W2158030361","https://openalex.org/W2314588207","https://openalex.org/W2323197394","https://openalex.org/W2326742012","https://openalex.org/W2335047909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2322165375","https://openalex.org/W2331150853","https://openalex.org/W146394262","https://openalex.org/W6910789197","https://openalex.org/W1939784962","https://openalex.org/W4244847676","https://openalex.org/W2102747895","https://openalex.org/W6902391948","https://openalex.org/W1925005464","https://openalex.org/W2471913843"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Additional":[0],"animals":[1,179],"were":[2,34],"collected":[3,23],"from":[4],"a":[5,25,152,156,168,190],"previously":[6],"described":[7],"hybrid":[8,185,225],"zone":[9,76],"be-":[10],"tween":[11],"two":[12,37,210],"species":[13],"of":[14,42,50,53,56,65,105,113,130,135,140,151,192,208,224],"leopard":[15],"frogs.":[16],"The":[17,28,75,109,133,173],"material":[18],"now":[19],"includes":[20],"1,054":[21],"specimens":[22],"over":[24],"five-year":[26],"period.":[27],"new":[29],"and":[30,47,69,111,164,183,214],"the":[31,51,54,103,123,128,131,147,162,206,209],"original":[32],"data":[33],"reanalyzed":[35],"using":[36],"multilocus":[38,211],"techniques:":[39],"an":[40,48],"analysis":[41,49,64,121],"linkage":[43],"disequilibrium":[44,125],"(Hill,":[45],"1975);":[46],"variance":[52,139],"distribution":[55],"individual":[57,141],"heterozygosities":[58],"(Brown":[59],"et":[60],"al.,":[61],"1980).":[62],"An":[63],"cline":[66],"shape":[67],"(Barton":[68],"Hewitt,":[70],"1983)":[71],"also":[72,144],"was":[73],"performed.":[74],"appears":[77],"to":[78,137,196,202],"be":[79],"stable":[80],"in":[81,88,127,146,171],"position.":[82],"There":[83],"are":[84,118],"major":[85],"year-to-year":[86],"changes":[87],"allele":[89],"frequencies,":[90],"but":[91],"these":[92],"do":[93],"not":[94],"show":[95],"concordant":[96],"pattems":[97],"between":[98],"localities.":[99,149],"This":[100,187],"is":[101,143,189],"probably":[102,188],"result":[104,191],"local":[106],"stochastic":[107],"factors.":[108],"shapes":[110],"position":[112],"clines":[114],"at":[115],"five":[116],"loci":[117],"similar.":[119],"Multilocus":[120],"shows":[122,167],"greatest":[124],"values":[126],"center":[129],"zone.":[132],"ratio":[134],"observed":[136],"expected":[138],"heterozygosity":[142],"largest":[145],"central":[148],"Analysis":[150],"single":[153],"cohort":[154],"during":[155],"three-month":[157],"period":[158],"that":[159],"included":[160],"both":[161],"larval":[163],"post-metamorphic":[165],"stages":[166],"strong":[169],"shift":[170],"genotypes.":[172],"froglet":[174],"pop-":[175],"ulation":[176],"had":[177],"more":[178],"with":[180],"parental":[181],"genotypes":[182],"fewer":[184],"combinations.":[186],"differential":[193],"mortality":[194],"due":[195],"developmental":[197],"incompatibilities":[198],"when":[199],"hybrids":[200],"begin":[201],"metamorphose.":[203],"We":[204],"compare":[205],"usefulness":[207],"analytical":[212],"techniques":[213],"make":[215],"rec-":[216],"ommendations":[217],"about":[218],"collecting":[219],"procedures":[220],"for":[221],"future":[222],"studies":[223],"zones.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}
