{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2472051258","doi":null,"title":"Selective radiosensitization of 9L glioma in the brain transduced with double suicide fusion gene.","display_name":"Selective radiosensitization of 9L glioma in the brain transduced with double suicide fusion gene.","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2472051258","mag":"2472051258","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9853135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:9853135","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9853135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The cancer journal from Scientific American","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649967","display_name":"Jae Ho Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4323-4790","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4323-4790"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803043754","display_name":"Henry Ford Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0193sb042","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602","https://openalex.org/I2803043754"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J H Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803043754"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111918232","display_name":"Andrew J. J. Kolozsvary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154057602","display_name":"Henry Ford Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kwnkm68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Kolozsvary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Henry Ford Health System"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henry Ford Health System","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056242449","display_name":"Kenneth R. Rogulski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154057602","display_name":"Henry Ford Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kwnkm68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Rogulski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Henry Ford Health System"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henry Ford Health System","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048269624","display_name":"Mark S. Khil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154057602","display_name":"Henry Ford Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kwnkm68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M S Khil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Henry Ford Health System"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henry Ford Health System","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103503178","display_name":"Stephen L. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9000-3501","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9000-3501"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S L Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiation Oncology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiation Oncology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037922132","display_name":"Svend O. Freytag","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S O Freytag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Radiation Oncology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiation Oncology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0801,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77443579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"6","first_page":"364","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10613","display_name":"Virus-based gene therapy research","score":0.8022000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10613","display_name":"Virus-based gene therapy research","score":0.8022000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10129","display_name":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.17239999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suicide-gene-therapy","display_name":"suicide gene therapy","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiosensitization","display_name":"radiosensitization","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/9l-glioma","display_name":"9L glioma","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gliosarcoma","display_name":"gliosarcoma","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytosine-deaminase","display_name":"cytosine deaminase","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herpes-simplex-virus-type-1-thymidine-kinase","display_name":"herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-genes","display_name":"fusion genes","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/5-fluorocytosine","display_name":"5-fluorocytosine","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ganciclovir","display_name":"ganciclovir","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prodrugs","display_name":"prodrugs","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiotherapy","display_name":"radiotherapy","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumors","display_name":"brain tumors","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retroviral-vectors","display_name":"retroviral vectors","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-stage","display_name":"tumor stage","score":0.5709999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777748644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5201383","display_name":"Cytosine deaminase","level":4,"score":0.9702475666999817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34981463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3311663","display_name":"Suicide gene","level":4,"score":0.9403997659683228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776147627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24783855","display_name":"Thymidine kinase","level":4,"score":0.8166902661323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365309","display_name":"Glioma","level":2,"score":0.6243659853935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.6125779151916504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111599444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213901","display_name":"Genetic enhancement","level":3,"score":0.605690598487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777965375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417640","display_name":"Ganciclovir","level":4,"score":0.597517728805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781196997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655331","display_name":"Herpes simplex virus","level":3,"score":0.5754852890968323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108215921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603741","display_name":"Prodrug","level":2,"score":0.5507959127426147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5048652291297913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111829193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108970","display_name":"Fusion gene","level":3,"score":0.4946269690990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.35010385513305664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.306849867105484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2994135618209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.26582205295562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.20568719506263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.09458661079406738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6929","display_name":"Human cytomegalovirus","level":3,"score":0.06455320119857788}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000963","descriptor_name":"Antimetabolites","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000532","qualifier_name":"radiotherapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001932","descriptor_name":"Brain Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004926","descriptor_name":"Escherichia coli","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005437","descriptor_name":"Flucytosine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005822","descriptor_name":"Genetic Vectors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005910","descriptor_name":"Glioma","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005910","descriptor_name":"Glioma","qualifier_ui":"Q000532","qualifier_name":"radiotherapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005910","descriptor_name":"Glioma","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009700","descriptor_name":"Nucleoside Deaminases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011355","descriptor_name":"Prodrugs","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011838","descriptor_name":"Radiation-Sensitizing Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011916","descriptor_name":"Rats, Inbred F344","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013937","descriptor_name":"Thymidine Kinase","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014161","descriptor_name":"Transduction, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014162","descriptor_name":"Transfection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015316","descriptor_name":"Genetic Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015774","descriptor_name":"Ganciclovir","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018139","descriptor_name":"Simplexvirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:9853135","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9853135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The cancer journal from Scientific American","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"mag:2472051258","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9853135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2627581263","display_name":"RADIOTHERAPY OF HSV-TK TRANSDUCED TUMOR BY A-VIRAL AGENT","funder_award_id":"R01CA064323","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127935661","https://openalex.org/W2165699027","https://openalex.org/W7063220457","https://openalex.org/W1976605087","https://openalex.org/W2168623693","https://openalex.org/W2313220981","https://openalex.org/W1985601397","https://openalex.org/W2347385894","https://openalex.org/W2028913886","https://openalex.org/W2158070520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Suicide":[1],"gene":[2,92,107,155,229,281,351],"therapy":[3,108,230,282,311,335,352],"has":[4],"proved":[5,43],"to":[6,20,102,300,332,362],"be":[7,87],"successful":[8],"in":[9,96,121,158,182,243,316,344],"enhancing":[10],"the":[11,24,111,122,183,207,211,215,290,317,333],"therapeutic":[12,212],"index":[13],"by":[14,89],"sensitizing":[15],"genetically":[16],"modified":[17,160],"tumor":[18,49,112,246,366],"cells":[19,58,134],"prodrugs.":[21,340],"Two":[22],"of":[23,80,115,166,185,214,289,336],"most":[25],"widely":[26],"studied":[27],"suicide":[28,91,106,228,280,350],"genes,":[29],"herpes":[30,65,147,173],"simplex":[31,66,148,174],"virus":[32,67,149,175],"type":[33,68,150,176],"1":[34,69,151,177],"thymidine":[35,70,152,178],"kinase":[36,71,153,179],"and":[37,64,83,146,156,172,218,237,278,308,322,326,338],"Escherichia":[38],"coli":[39,61,143,169],"cytosine":[40,62,144,170],"deaminase,":[41],"have":[42],"effective":[44,242,262,360],"at":[45,304],"selectively":[46],"eliminating":[47],"malignant":[48,118],"cells.":[50],"We":[51],"previously":[52],"demonstrated":[53],"that":[54,348],"transduced":[55],"9L":[56,132,167],"glioma":[57,119],"expressing":[59],"E.":[60,142,168],"deaminase":[63,145,171],"concomitantly":[72],"as":[73],"a":[74,313,358,364],"fusion":[75,154],"protein":[76],"exhibited":[77],"greater":[78],"levels":[79],"targeted":[81],"cytotoxicity":[82],"radiosensitization":[84],"than":[85,287],"could":[86],"achieved":[88],"single":[90,201,217,309],"therapy.":[93],"The":[94,163,342],"present":[95,343],"vivo":[97,345],"studies":[98],"were":[99,135,274,292],"carried":[100],"out":[101],"determine":[103],"whether":[104],"double":[105,203,219,279,339,349],"would":[109],"enhance":[110],"control":[113,247],"rate":[114,320,368],"orthotopically":[116],"implanted":[117],"growing":[120,181],"brain":[123,184,209,252],"when":[124,271],"coupled":[125,221],"with":[126,137,190,222,276,354],"radiotherapy.":[127],"MATERIALS":[128],"AND":[129],"METHODS:":[130],"Rat":[131],"gliosarcoma":[133],"transfected":[136],"retroviral":[138],"vectors":[139],"containing":[140],"an":[141],"maintained":[157],"Dulbecco's":[159],"Eagle's":[161],"medium.":[162],"antitumor":[164],"response":[165],"tumors":[180,192,197,253,266],"Fischer":[186],"rats":[187],"was":[188,224,241,259,330],"evaluated":[189],"small":[191],"(6-day-old":[193],"tumors)":[194,199],"versus":[195,202],"large":[196,208],"(14-day-old":[198],"against":[200,250,263,283],"prodrug":[204,310],"treatments.":[205],"In":[206],"tumors,":[210,285],"efficacy":[213],"combined":[216,275,353],"prodrugs":[220,273],"radiotherapy":[223,277,295,307,355],"evaluated.":[225],"RESULTS:":[226],"Double":[227],"using":[231],"two":[232],"prodrugs,":[233],"5-fluorocytosine":[234,325],"(500":[235],"mg/kg)":[236],"ganciclovir":[238],"(30":[239],"mg/kg),":[240],"achieving":[244],"long-term":[245],"(50%":[248],"survival)":[249],"early-stage":[251],"(6":[254],"days":[255,268],"after":[256],"implantation)":[257],"but":[258,329],"only":[260],"marginally":[261],"advanced":[264],"stage":[265],"(14":[267],"old).":[269],"However,":[270],"these":[272],"advanced-stage":[284],"more":[286],"70%":[288],"animals":[291],"cured,":[293],"whereas":[294],"alone":[296],"(20":[297],"Gy)":[298],"failed":[299],"achieve":[301,363],"any":[302,371],"cure":[303,367],"all.":[305],"Combined":[306],"showed":[312],"moderate":[314],"increase":[315],"animal":[318],"survival":[319],"(17%":[321],"40%":[323],"for":[324],"ganciclovir,":[327],"respectively)":[328],"inferior":[331],"combination":[334],"radiation":[337],"CONCLUSION:":[341],"results":[346],"indicate":[347],"may":[356],"represent":[357],"new,":[359],"approach":[361],"high":[365],"without":[369],"producing":[370],"excessive":[372],"normal":[373],"tissue":[374],"damage.":[375]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}