{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2472018650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","title":"Impact of natural toxin spinetoram 12 SC w/v (11.7 w/w) against Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben - Petersen) under laboratory conditions","display_name":"Impact of natural toxin spinetoram 12 SC w/v (11.7 w/w) against Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben - Petersen) under laboratory conditions","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2472018650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","mag":"2472018650"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5897/ajar2014.9085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","pdf_url":"https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-full-text-pdf/91E84BF59110.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44429004","display_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","issn_l":"1991-637X","issn":["1991-637X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-full-text-pdf/91E84BF59110.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083177588","display_name":"M Visnupriya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Visnupriya M","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai -625 104, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai -625 104, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111879130","display_name":"N. Muthukrishnan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muthukrishnan N","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai -625 104, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Entomology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai -625 104, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"25","first_page":"2224","last_page":"2230"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10135","display_name":"Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","score":0.9229000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10135","display_name":"Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","score":0.9229000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11065","display_name":"Insect Pest Control Strategies","score":0.04800000041723251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11075","display_name":"Insect Resistance and Genetics","score":0.010900000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinetoram","display_name":"spinetoram","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trichogramma-chilonis","display_name":"Trichogramma chilonis","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chrysoperla-zastrowi-sillemi","display_name":"Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egg-parasitoids","display_name":"egg parasitoids","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predatory-lacewings","display_name":"predatory lacewings","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insecticide-selectivity","display_name":"insecticide selectivity","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-target-toxicity","display_name":"non-target toxicity","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beneficial-insects","display_name":"beneficial insects","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eclosion","display_name":"adult emergence","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitization-rate","display_name":"parasitization rate","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fecundity","display_name":"fecundity","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-longevity","display_name":"adult longevity","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hatchability","display_name":"hatchability","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/egg-mortality","display_name":"egg mortality","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botanical-insecticides","display_name":"botanical insecticides","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-pest-management","display_name":"integrated pest management","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-threshold","display_name":"economic threshold","score":0.3100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8128255605697632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.7141361236572266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22508944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568174","display_name":"PEST analysis","level":2,"score":0.6217649579048157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776759703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066907","display_name":"Longevity","level":2,"score":0.6168707013130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67283656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587899","display_name":"Fecundity","level":3,"score":0.5895649790763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781411073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264998","display_name":"Chrysoperla carnea","level":5,"score":0.5519871711730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123963621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q525309","display_name":"Integrated pest management","level":2,"score":0.49618321657180786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104727253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116890","display_name":"Biological pest control","level":2,"score":0.4480566680431366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4442063868045807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3294612467288971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188382862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170430","display_name":"Predation","level":2,"score":0.2553732395172119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.21875527501106262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.16657820343971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96857902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138108","display_name":"Predator","level":3,"score":0.10372644662857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776611274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623727","display_name":"Chrysopidae","level":4,"score":0.08897680044174194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.04994666576385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5897/ajar2014.9085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","pdf_url":"https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-full-text-pdf/91E84BF59110.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44429004","display_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","issn_l":"1991-637X","issn":["1991-637X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5897/ajar2014.9085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2014.9085","pdf_url":"https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/article-full-text-pdf/91E84BF59110.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44429004","display_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","issn_l":"1991-637X","issn":["1991-637X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2472018650.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2472018650.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1127136779","https://openalex.org/W1974430878","https://openalex.org/W1998038237","https://openalex.org/W2053865221","https://openalex.org/W2079226146","https://openalex.org/W2121927893","https://openalex.org/W2133961899","https://openalex.org/W2143384630","https://openalex.org/W2154047079","https://openalex.org/W2182837267","https://openalex.org/W2189337994","https://openalex.org/W2777672988"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2143073788","https://openalex.org/W4407224075","https://openalex.org/W2981181346","https://openalex.org/W2962724664","https://openalex.org/W2897189957","https://openalex.org/W2269975676","https://openalex.org/W7046198408","https://openalex.org/W3082928392","https://openalex.org/W4213430753","https://openalex.org/W4390951817"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Insecticides":[0],"are":[1],"unavoidable":[2],"in":[3,40,238,261],"pest":[4,10,29,42],"management":[5,43],"programs":[6,45],"especially":[7],"when":[8,148],"the":[9,18,23,28,52,78,85,101,118,169,221,225],"crosses":[11],"Economic":[12],"Threshold":[13],"Level":[14],"(ETL).":[15],"Nevertheless,":[16],"often":[17],"plant":[19],"protection":[20],"products":[21],"kill":[22],"natural":[24],"enemy":[25],"population":[26],"making":[27],"to":[30,50,76,84,168],"resurge":[31],"and":[32,66,70,90,128,140,153,174,181,213,227,251,254,258,267],"thus":[33],"demanding":[34],"more":[35,237],"sprays.":[36],"Therefore,":[37],"insecticides":[38],"used":[39,75],"integrated":[41],"(IPM)":[44],"should":[46],"be":[47],"selective":[48],"enough":[49],"spare":[51],"beneficial.":[53],"Laboratory":[54],"experiments":[55],"were":[56,74],"conducted":[57],"with":[58,160,201],"spinetoram":[59,81,104,133,161,192,202,209,262],"12":[60,82,105,134,275],"SC":[61,83,106,135],"at":[62,136,150,193,203,263],"36,":[63,137,264],"45,":[64,138,265],"54":[65,139,266],"108":[67,141,268],"g":[68,142,195,205,269],"a.i./ha;":[69],"various":[71],"standard":[72],"chemicals":[73],"assess":[77],"toxicity":[79],"of":[80,117,157,185,208,215,229],"egg":[86,179,183],"parasitoid,":[87],"Trichogramma":[88,277],"chilonis":[89,124],"predatory":[91],"green":[92],"lacewing,":[93],"Chrysoperla":[94,279],"zastrowi":[95,187,217,280],"sillemi":[96,188,218],"during":[97],"January":[98],"2013.":[99],"In":[100],"present":[102],"study,":[103],"did":[107,162],"not":[108,163],"show":[109],"harmful":[110],"effects":[111,167],"on":[112,125,199,210],"T.":[113,123],"chilonis.":[114],"The":[115,177],"results":[116],"safety":[119],"test":[120],"experiment":[121],"for":[122],"adult":[126,172,211,222],"emergence":[127,173],"percent":[129],"parasitization":[130],"revealed":[131,219],"that":[132,220],"a.i./ha":[143,196],"had":[144],"little":[145],"adverse":[146],"effect":[147],"treated":[149],"egg,":[151],"larval":[152],"pupal":[154],"stages.":[155],"Treatment":[156],"parasitized":[158],"eggs":[159,230,260],"cause":[164],"any":[165],"ill":[166],"developing":[170],"parasitoids,":[171],"emerged":[175],"adults.":[176],"lowest":[178],"mortality":[180],"highest":[182],"hatchability":[184],"C.":[186,216],"was":[189,198,224,235,247],"recorded":[190],"by":[191],"36":[194],"which":[197],"par":[200],"45":[204],"a.i/ha.":[206],"Effect":[207],"longevity":[212,223],"fecundity":[214],"longest":[226],"number":[228],"laid":[231],"per":[232],"five":[233],"female":[234],"also":[236],"untreated":[239],"check":[240],"(14.70":[241],"days":[242,253],"366.40":[243],"eggs),":[244],"while":[245],"it":[246],"11.37,":[248],"9.40,":[249],"8.27":[250],"7.67":[252],"145.97,":[255],"133.40,":[256],"105.67":[257],"93.70":[259],"a.i./ha,":[270],"respectively.":[271],"Key":[272],"words:":[273],"Spinetoram":[274],"SC,":[276],"chilonis,":[278],"sillemi,":[281],"safety.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}