{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2471195331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","title":"Status of Horticulture in the Developing Countries of Southern Africa","display_name":"Status of Horticulture in the Developing Countries of Southern Africa","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2471195331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","mag":"2471195331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/23/6/article-p965.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/23/6/article-p965.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000258407","display_name":"Robert P. Rice","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US","ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert P. Rice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Crop Science Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box M.P. 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe Institute of International Agriculture, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI 48824"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Crop Science Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box M.P. 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe Institute of International Agriculture, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI 48824","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119","https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113448810","display_name":"Laura Williams Rice","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153455119","display_name":"University of Zimbabwe","ror":"https://ror.org/04ze6rb18","country_code":"ZW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153455119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US","ZW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Williams Rice","raw_affiliation_strings":["Crop Science Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box M.P. 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe Institute of International Agriculture, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI 48824"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Crop Science Department, University of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box M.P. 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe Institute of International Agriculture, Michigan State University, East Lansing MI 48824","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153455119","https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":2.3026,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87162683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"965","last_page":"968"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.1981000006198883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.1981000006198883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.14710000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13678","display_name":"Agricultural Research and Practices","score":0.13019999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture","display_name":"horticulture","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticultural-development","display_name":"horticulture development","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-countries","display_name":"developing countries","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southern-africa","display_name":"Southern Africa","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-development-planning","display_name":"agricultural development planning","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrition","display_name":"nutrition","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-income","display_name":"rural income","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-exchange-earnings","display_name":"foreign exchange earnings","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postharvest-handling","display_name":"postharvest handling","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-limitations","display_name":"transport limitations","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture-industry","display_name":"horticultural industry","score":0.6290000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157670687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426933","display_name":"Postharvest","level":2,"score":0.6930602192878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.6774977445602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.5913787484169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.5901627540588379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.475579172372818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.46200793981552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.44425323605537415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983132609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66076","display_name":"Foreign exchange","level":2,"score":0.4352084696292877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.42602401971817017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.41293561458587646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.3703957498073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.31339210271835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24634546041488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.21839448809623718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/23/6/article-p965.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.6.965","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/23/6/article-p965.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2471195331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2471195331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76168186","https://openalex.org/W412145440","https://openalex.org/W1549251348","https://openalex.org/W2024556021","https://openalex.org/W2381490864","https://openalex.org/W2971580559","https://openalex.org/W2978406393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295912675","https://openalex.org/W2229816393","https://openalex.org/W56806947","https://openalex.org/W1433452921","https://openalex.org/W3208954364","https://openalex.org/W2583856193","https://openalex.org/W4307167113","https://openalex.org/W2078496364","https://openalex.org/W2344667642","https://openalex.org/W1510968038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Horticulture":[1],"has":[2],"not":[3],"been":[4,18],"a":[5,49],"priority":[6],"in":[7,20,33,51,89],"the":[8,21,34,54,90,95,100,104,108],"agricultural":[9],"development":[10],"plans":[11],"of":[12,23,56,66,76,87,99,106],"southern":[13],"Africa.":[14],"Large":[15],"advances":[16],"have":[17],"made":[19],"production":[22,28],"staple":[24],"crops":[25],"while":[26],"horticultural":[27,109],"stagnated":[29],"or":[30],"declined.":[31],"Governments":[32],"Southern":[35],"Africa":[36],"Development":[37],"Coordination":[38],"Council":[39],"(SADCC)":[40],"region":[41,91,101],"are":[42],"now":[43],"beginning":[44],"to":[45],"consider":[46],"horticulture":[47,88],"as":[48],"tool":[50],"improving":[52],"nutrition,":[53],"income":[55],"their":[57],"people,":[58],"and":[59,79,82,97],"national":[60],"foreign":[61],"exchange":[62],"earnings.":[63],"A":[64],"number":[65],"constraints":[67],"exist,":[68],"however,":[69],"including":[70],"attitude,":[71],"transport,":[72],"postharvest":[73],"handling,":[74],"lack":[75],"horticulturists,":[77],"seed":[78],"plant":[80],"shortages,":[81],"poor":[83],"communication.":[84],"The":[85],"potential":[86],"is":[92],"great":[93],"if":[94],"governments":[96],"people":[98],"can":[102],"meet":[103],"challenges":[105],"developing":[107],"industry.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}