{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2469975868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.326","title":"Removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution and industrial effluent using reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes","display_name":"Removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution and industrial effluent using reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2469975868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.326","mag":"2469975868","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26398037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2166/wst.2015.326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53450646","display_name":"Water Science & Technology","issn_l":"0273-1223","issn":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320146","host_organization_name":"Pergamon Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pergamon Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Science & Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2469975868"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006423261","display_name":"Jamel Kheriji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63596082","display_name":"Tunis El Manar University","ror":"https://ror.org/029cgt552","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jamel Kheriji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Desalination and Water Treatment Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, El Manar II, 2092 Tunisia E-mail: Jamel.khriji@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Desalination and Water Treatment Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, El Manar II, 2092 Tunisia E-mail: Jamel.khriji@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073488479","display_name":"Dorra Tabassi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63596082","display_name":"Tunis El Manar University","ror":"https://ror.org/029cgt552","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dorra Tabassi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Desalination and Water Treatment Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, El Manar II, 2092 Tunisia E-mail: Jamel.khriji@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Desalination and Water Treatment Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, El Manar II, 2092 Tunisia E-mail: Jamel.khriji@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065673941","display_name":"B\u00e9chir Hamrouni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9916-4595","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9916-4595"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63596082","display_name":"Tunis El Manar University","ror":"https://ror.org/029cgt552","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B\u00e9chir Hamrouni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Desalination and Water Treatment Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, El Manar II, 2092 Tunisia E-mail: Jamel.khriji@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Desalination and Water Treatment Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, El Manar II, 2092 Tunisia E-mail: Jamel.khriji@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63596082"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90721946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"7","first_page":"1206","last_page":"1206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10197","display_name":"Membrane Separation Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11091","display_name":"Extraction and Separation Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2506","display_name":"Metals and Alloys"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12074","display_name":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1506","display_name":"Filtration and Separation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cadmium-removal","display_name":"cadmium removal","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-osmosis","display_name":"reverse osmosis","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofiltration","display_name":"nanofiltration","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heavy-metal-removal","display_name":"heavy metal removal","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-retention","display_name":"membrane retention","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salinity-reduction","display_name":"salinity reduction","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiegler-kedem-model","display_name":"Spiegler-Kedem model","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-strength","display_name":"ionic strength","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph-effect","display_name":"pH effect","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anion-effects","display_name":"anion effects","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-pressure","display_name":"feed pressure","score":0.621999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146763847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1964676","display_name":"Nanofiltration","level":3,"score":0.9726071953773499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544657597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091","display_name":"Cadmium","level":2,"score":0.8134030103683472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130797344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272175","display_name":"Reverse osmosis","level":3,"score":0.7890100479125977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.782211184501648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.71217942237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6749832630157471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74602305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5401368","display_name":"Pressure-retarded osmosis","level":5,"score":0.5909396409988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.5066512227058411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44403221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6592216","display_name":"Industrial wastewater treatment","level":3,"score":0.47331345081329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184651966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906356","display_name":"Aqueous solution","level":2,"score":0.4661817252635956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.42547422647476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94005225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751537","display_name":"Membrane technology","level":3,"score":0.4242682456970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50817676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7880534","display_name":"Ultrafiltration (renal)","level":2,"score":0.41453588008880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.37324827909469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3228711485862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.2823907732963562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2425292432308197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81842627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357011","display_name":"Forward osmosis","level":4,"score":0.22457334399223328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08091539144515991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.06001278758049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.04346132278442383}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002104","descriptor_name":"Cadmium","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005374","descriptor_name":"Filtration","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007220","descriptor_name":"Industrial Waste","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008567","descriptor_name":"Membranes, Artificial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009995","descriptor_name":"Osmosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012722","descriptor_name":"Sewage","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012996","descriptor_name":"Solutions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014874","descriptor_name":"Water Pollutants, Chemical","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018508","descriptor_name":"Water Purification","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2166/wst.2015.326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S53450646","display_name":"Water Science & Technology","issn_l":"0273-1223","issn":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320146","host_organization_name":"Pergamon Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pergamon Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water Science & Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26398037","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26398037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W560011511","https://openalex.org/W1978877022","https://openalex.org/W1979702310","https://openalex.org/W1982091784","https://openalex.org/W1987518112","https://openalex.org/W1999791686","https://openalex.org/W2002309872","https://openalex.org/W2002892551","https://openalex.org/W2004840707","https://openalex.org/W2011305320","https://openalex.org/W2028911727","https://openalex.org/W2033410757","https://openalex.org/W2033549966","https://openalex.org/W2033561996","https://openalex.org/W2036356799","https://openalex.org/W2042343648","https://openalex.org/W2050696440","https://openalex.org/W2052328554","https://openalex.org/W2053545000","https://openalex.org/W2058778350","https://openalex.org/W2062377581","https://openalex.org/W2076411674","https://openalex.org/W2092322142","https://openalex.org/W2094589755","https://openalex.org/W2116761112","https://openalex.org/W2165340764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413164381","https://openalex.org/W7054924842","https://openalex.org/W2094589755","https://openalex.org/W2071495917","https://openalex.org/W7009727054","https://openalex.org/W1985586923","https://openalex.org/W2742730984","https://openalex.org/W4311789088","https://openalex.org/W2054077845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industrial":[0],"effluents":[1,20],"loaded":[2],"with":[3,94,105],"cadmium":[4,25,59,95,117],"have":[5,79],"contributed":[6],"to":[7,23,30,39,55,115,143,158],"the":[8,11,36,41,56,67,99,153,160],"pollution":[9],"of":[10,35,44,58,84,91,101,122,138],"environment":[12],"and":[13,48,64,75,96,110,119],"health":[14],"troubles":[15],"for":[16],"humans.":[17],"Therefore,":[18],"these":[19,127],"need":[21],"treatment":[22],"reduce":[24,116],"concentration":[26],"before":[27],"releasing":[28],"them":[29],"public":[31],"sewage.":[32],"The":[33,82],"purpose":[34],"research":[37],"is":[38,149],"study":[40],"major":[42],"role":[43],"reverse":[45],"osmosis":[46],"(RO)":[47],"nanofiltration":[49,77],"(NF)":[50],"processes,":[51],"which":[52,133],"can":[53],"contribute":[54],"removal":[57],"ions":[60,118],"from":[61,66],"model":[62,106,155],"water":[63],"wastewater":[65],"battery":[68,123],"industry.":[69],"For":[70],"this":[71],"reason,":[72],"two":[73,76],"RO":[74,111],"membranes":[78,112],"been":[80],"used.":[81],"effects":[83],"feed":[85],"pressure,":[86],"concentration,":[87],"ionic":[88],"strength,":[89],"nature":[90],"anion":[92],"associated":[93],"pH":[97],"on":[98,145],"retention":[100],"Cd(II)":[102],"were":[103,113],"studied":[104],"solutions.":[107],"Thereafter,":[108],"NF":[109],"used":[114],"total":[120],"salinity":[121],"industry":[124],"effluent.":[125],"Among":[126],"membranes,":[128],"there":[129],"are":[130],"only":[131],"three":[132],"eliminate":[134],"more":[135],"than":[136],"95%":[137],"cadmium.":[139],"This":[140],"was":[141,156],"found":[142],"depend":[144],"operating":[146],"conditions.":[147],"It":[148],"worth":[150],"noting":[151],"that":[152],"Spiegler-Kedem":[154],"applied":[157],"fit":[159],"experimental":[161],"results.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}