{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2467700828","doi":null,"title":"The cost-effectiveness of a retinal photography screening program for preventing diabetic retinopathy in the First Nations diabetic population in British Columbia, Canada.","display_name":"The cost-effectiveness of a retinal photography screening program for preventing diabetic retinopathy in the First Nations diabetic population in British Columbia, Canada.","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2467700828","mag":"2467700828","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10093310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:10093310","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10093310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of circumpolar health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102103082","display_name":"Mart\u00edn Jd","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288894424","display_name":"Health Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05p8nb362","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288894424"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J D Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Canada, Medical Services Branch, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Canada, Medical Services Branch, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288894424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069883873","display_name":"Haile M. Yidegiligne","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H M Yidegiligne","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62234682,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"57 Suppl 1","issue":null,"first_page":"379","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.3756999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.3756999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.3407999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.08420000225305557,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"diabetic retinopathy","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus-photography","display_name":"fundus photography","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screening-programs","display_name":"screening programs","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness","display_name":"cost-effectiveness","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-nations","display_name":"First Nations","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indigenous-health","display_name":"Indigenous health","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-prevention","display_name":"diabetes prevention","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blindness-prevention","display_name":"blindness prevention","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-columbia","display_name":"British Columbia","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-cost","display_name":"travel cost","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equipment-costs","display_name":"equipment costs","score":0.4339999854564667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.8095884323120117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776229289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5352191","display_name":"Technician","level":2,"score":0.7367939949035645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6912940740585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.5500447154045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.545581042766571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778313320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550455","display_name":"Retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.49378523230552673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776474195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144413","display_name":"Fundus photography","level":4,"score":0.4465769827365875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Blindness","level":2,"score":0.4260520040988922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.36549097299575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3622815012931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.29289066791534424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.24432408809661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.2162209451198578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10118520259857178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780248432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434206","display_name":"Fluorescein angiography","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001955","descriptor_name":"British Columbia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003362","descriptor_name":"Cost-Benefit Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008403","descriptor_name":"Mass Screening","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008403","descriptor_name":"Mass Screening","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008403","descriptor_name":"Mass Screening","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009313","descriptor_name":"National Health Programs","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010781","descriptor_name":"Photography","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010781","descriptor_name":"Photography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015397","descriptor_name":"Program Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017048","descriptor_name":"Health Care Costs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:10093310","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10093310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of circumpolar health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2467700828","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10093310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2142679415","https://openalex.org/W7081551507","https://openalex.org/W2439213620","https://openalex.org/W2081870210","https://openalex.org/W2013706851","https://openalex.org/W2091014566","https://openalex.org/W2120810656","https://openalex.org/W1970726206","https://openalex.org/W2090265734","https://openalex.org/W2402836489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Seven-field":[0],"stereo":[1],"retinal":[2,108,178],"photography":[3,109,179],"is":[4,15,31,78,111,156],"both":[5,24],"100%":[6,189],"sensitive":[7],"and":[8,14,27,39,47,88,101,127,135,151,168,187],"specific":[9],"for":[10,18,25,35,104],"diagnosing":[11],"diabetic":[12,56,185,193,212,221],"retinopathy":[13,23],"the":[16,20,52,76,95,102,124,133,141,144,184],"standard":[17],"evaluating":[19],"severity":[21],"of":[22,37,42,91,132,146,165,190],"clinical":[26],"epidemiological":[28],"studies.":[29],"It":[30],"also":[32],"very":[33],"useful":[34],"follow-up":[36],"diabetics":[38],"eventual":[40],"treatment":[41,49],"complicated":[43],"cases":[44,57],"with":[45,149,154,160],"laser":[46],"other":[48],"modalities.":[50],"If":[51],"450":[53],"First":[54,191,210],"Nations":[55,192,211],"that":[58],"were":[59,67],"surveyed":[60],"in":[61,63,98,206,209,214,220],"1992":[62],"British":[64,215],"Columbia,":[65],"Canada,":[66],"to":[68,94,113,123,183],"receive":[69,196],"an":[70,74,161],"annual":[71],"assessment":[72],"by":[73],"ophthalmologist,":[75],"cost":[77,114,145,174],"estimated":[79,112,157,162],"at":[80,158],"$164,000":[81],"(Canadian).":[82],"This":[83,116,200],"amount":[84,117],"includes":[85,118],"travel,":[86],"hotel,":[87],"meal":[89,128],"costs":[90,122],"patients":[92,194,213],"traveling":[93],"ophthalmic":[96],"centers":[97],"their":[99],"areas":[100],"fee":[103],"specialist":[105],"services.":[106],"Alternately,":[107],"screening":[110],"$61,000.":[115],"photo-technician":[119],"labor,":[120],"travel":[121,182],"community,":[125],"hotel":[126],"costs,":[129],"ophthalmologist":[130],"interpretation":[131],"photographs,":[134],"annualized":[136],"capital":[137],"maintenance":[138],"costs.":[139],"In":[140],"first":[142],"year,":[143],"vehicle":[147,171],"purchase":[148],"accessories":[150,155],"a":[152],"camera":[153],"$61,000,":[159],"four-year":[163],"lifespan":[164],"equipment.":[166],"Maintenance":[167],"insurance,":[169],"including":[170],"fuel,":[172],"will":[173],"$12,256":[175],"annually.":[176,199],"A":[177],"program":[180,201],"could":[181,195,202],"patient,":[186],"nearly":[188],"this":[197],"service":[198],"be":[203],"highly":[204],"effective":[205],"preventing":[207],"blindness":[208],"Columbia":[216],"through":[217],"early":[218],"intervention":[219],"retinopathy.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}