{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2467007419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","title":"Clinical applications of combining IMRT with electron beams","display_name":"Clinical applications of combining IMRT with electron beams","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2467007419","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","mag":"2467007419"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2477190968","display_name":"The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059276423","display_name":"Jonathan Gang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1249-6520","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1249-6520"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan G. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109883888","display_name":"Arthur L. Boyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur L. Boyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100381484","display_name":"Lei Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-5359","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-5359"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.2994186,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"526","last_page":"528"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity-modulated-radiotherapy","display_name":"intensity-modulated radiotherapy","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-beam","display_name":"electron beam","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-multileaf-collimator","display_name":"dynamic multileaf collimator","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-inhomogeneity","display_name":"dose heterogeneity","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-planning","display_name":"inverse treatment planning","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-treatment-planning","display_name":"3D treatment planning","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-tissue-sparing","display_name":"normal tissue sparing","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95312477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207340","display_name":"Cathode ray","level":3,"score":0.5983436107635498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.5187830924987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.5097214579582214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.46316325664520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.46050283312797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.4515678882598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4417734444141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41826942563056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201645570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830637","display_name":"Radiation treatment planning","level":3,"score":0.41495072841644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.38308852910995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37538689374923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.3588387072086334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3244013488292694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26586151123046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16669633984565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.14013168215751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.1053830087184906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59758-9_197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Use of Computers in Radiation Therapy","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970923496","https://openalex.org/W1978537681","https://openalex.org/W2024944531","https://openalex.org/W2075547788","https://openalex.org/W2082777489","https://openalex.org/W2098449125","https://openalex.org/W2129022233"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069026180","https://openalex.org/W2028096329","https://openalex.org/W1968547194","https://openalex.org/W2058103142","https://openalex.org/W2145818087","https://openalex.org/W2002054274","https://openalex.org/W2050249973","https://openalex.org/W1999046494","https://openalex.org/W7030144291","https://openalex.org/W2129022233"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}
