{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2463486476","doi":null,"title":"Sepsis--the Wayne State University Symposium--part III. Bacteremia and endotoxemia: a discussion of their roles in the pathophysiology of gram-negative sepsis.","display_name":"Sepsis--the Wayne State University Symposium--part III. Bacteremia and endotoxemia: a discussion of their roles in the pathophysiology of gram-negative sepsis.","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2463486476","mag":"2463486476","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/823128"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:823128","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/823128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heart & lung : the journal of critical care","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018084931","display_name":"Sibbald Wj","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W J Sibbald","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018084931"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54646325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"5","first_page":"765","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10218","display_name":"Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14165","display_name":"Inflammation biomarkers and pathways","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sepsis","display_name":"sepsis","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacteremia","display_name":"bacteremia","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endotoxemia","display_name":"endotoxemia","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endotoxin","display_name":"endotoxin","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathophysiology","display_name":"pathophysiology","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-permeability","display_name":"vascular permeability","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vasoactive-peptides","display_name":"vasoactive peptides","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histamine","display_name":"histamine","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mast-cells","display_name":"mast cells","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathoadrenal-system","display_name":"sympathoadrenal system","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catecholamines","display_name":"catecholamines","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcirculation","display_name":"microcirculation","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-output","display_name":"cardiac output","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limulus-test","display_name":"Limulus test","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-activation","display_name":"complement activation","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodynamic-modeling","display_name":"hemodynamic modeling","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777628635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1765564","display_name":"Septic shock","level":3,"score":0.848902702331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183134","display_name":"Sepsis","level":2,"score":0.7144261598587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7114400863647461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10162356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135939","display_name":"Pathophysiology","level":2,"score":0.6128026247024536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779443120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650912","display_name":"Bacteremia","level":3,"score":0.583035945892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178061","display_name":"Shock (circulatory)","level":2,"score":0.5638425946235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.499403715133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12722491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1632335","display_name":"Microcirculation","level":2,"score":0.4839956760406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.4590761363506317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39133596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165683","display_name":"Contractility","level":2,"score":0.41019919514656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2775041460990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.1483021378517151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1429925262928009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.06765434145927429}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000882","descriptor_name":"Haplorhini","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001777","descriptor_name":"Blood Coagulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001831","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002199","descriptor_name":"Capillary Permeability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002319","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular System","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002395","descriptor_name":"Catecholamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003165","descriptor_name":"Complement System Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004285","descriptor_name":"Dogs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004731","descriptor_name":"Endotoxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004731","descriptor_name":"Endotoxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006413","descriptor_name":"Hematopoietic System","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006439","descriptor_name":"Hemodynamics","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006854","descriptor_name":"Hydrocortisone","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008070","descriptor_name":"Lipopolysaccharides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014655","descriptor_name":"Vascular Resistance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018805","descriptor_name":"Sepsis","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:823128","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/823128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heart & lung : the journal of critical care","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2463486476","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/823128","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4211081838","https://openalex.org/W1968780731","https://openalex.org/W1530334372","https://openalex.org/W337740111","https://openalex.org/W2275249391","https://openalex.org/W2463974243","https://openalex.org/W1796544","https://openalex.org/W2263294848","https://openalex.org/W2043652442","https://openalex.org/W2046997984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bacteremia,":[0],"or":[1],"the":[2,8,32,37,53,85,104,128,137,145,151,197,237,248,260,266,269,303,327],"presence":[3,249],"of":[4,23,42,46,56,91,96,184,201,216,220,250,262,268,274,286,306,310,314,326],"live":[5],"bacteria":[6,67],"in":[7,36,60,114,127,211,225,240,252,280,282,334,337],"bloodstream,":[9],"does":[10],"not":[11,171,289],"seem":[12],"a":[13,20,44,133,202,214,218,223,284,323],"prerequisite":[14],"for":[15,103,178],"septic":[16,57,115,208],"shock.":[17,116],"Indeed,":[18],"only":[19],"small":[21],"portion":[22],"all":[24,226],"patients":[25,281],"who":[26],"sustain":[27],"gram-negative":[28,66,253],"bacteremia":[29],"ever":[30],"develop":[31],"shock":[33,58,209,254,293],"syndrome.":[34,270,345],"Endotoxin":[35,62,131],"laboratory":[38],"model":[39,204],"is":[40,63,132,288,317],"capable":[41],"producing":[43],"number":[45],"pathophysiological":[47],"alterations":[48],"which":[49,78,140,234],"can":[50],"partly":[51],"explain":[52],"varied":[54],"picture":[55],"seen":[59,113],"man.":[61],"released":[64],"from":[65,98],"upon":[68],"their":[69],"death,":[70],"and":[71,82,94,108,125,164,255,297,312,342],"it":[72],"probably":[73],"acts":[74],"as":[75,191,230],"an":[76,160,182,295],"antigen":[77],"reacts":[79],"with":[80,186],"antibody":[81],"subsequently":[83],"activates":[84],"complement":[86],"cascade.":[87],"The":[88,243],"resultant":[89],"production":[90],"vasoactive":[92,192,315],"polypeptides":[93],"release":[95],"histamine":[97],"mast":[99],"cells":[100],"might":[101],"account":[102],"increased":[105],"vascular":[106],"permeability":[107],"early":[109],"hyperdynamic":[110],"cardiovascular":[111],"function":[112,180],"These":[117],"changes":[118],"may":[119,153,276],"also":[120,277],"contribute":[121,155],"to":[122,136,156,194,213,265,340],"ultimate":[123],"stagnation":[124],"pooling":[126],"peripheral":[129],"microcirculation.":[130],"potent":[134],"stimulus":[135],"sympathoadrenal":[138],"system":[139],"causes":[141],"varying":[142],"effects":[143],"on":[144,162],"periphery.":[146],"Continued":[147],"catecholamine":[148],"stimulation":[149],"at":[150],"periphery":[152],"ultimately":[154,332],"stagnant":[157],"anoxia":[158],"by":[159,168,321],"effect":[161],"pre-":[163],"postcapillary":[165],"sphincters.":[166],"Endotoxin,":[167],"itself,":[169],"will":[170,331],"directly":[172],"impair":[173],"cardiac":[174,241],"contractility,":[175],"but":[176],"evidence":[177],"depressed":[179],"implies":[181],"interaction":[183],"endotoxin":[185,275,307],"other":[187],"biochemical":[188],"systems,":[189],"such":[190,329],"polypeptides,":[193],"indirectly":[195],"produce":[196,236],"observed":[198,238],"effects.":[199],"Expression":[200],"hemodynamic":[203],"closely":[205],"approximating":[206],"human":[207],"requires,":[210],"addition":[212],"source":[215,273,285],"endotoxin,":[217],"focus":[219],"inflammation.":[221],"Such":[222],"focus,":[224],"probability,":[227],"supplies":[228],"some":[229],"yet":[231],"unidentified":[232],"factor(s)":[233],"help":[235],"increase":[239],"output.":[242],"Limulus":[244],"test":[245],"has":[246,256],"confirmed":[247],"endotoxemia":[251],"raised":[257],"questions":[258],"about":[259,302],"contribution":[261],"gut":[263],"flora":[264],"propagation":[267],"An":[271],"enterogenous":[272],"be":[278],"important":[279,296],"whom":[283],"inflammation":[287],"readily":[290],"observable.":[291],"Gram-negative":[292],"remains":[294],"grave":[298],"clinical":[299],"problem.":[300],"Knowledge":[301],"relative":[304],"roles":[305],"various":[308],"foci":[309],"inflammation,":[311],"generation":[313],"peptides":[316],"accumulating":[318],"slowly.":[319],"Hopefully,":[320],"creating":[322],"clearer":[324],"understanding":[325],"pathophysiology,":[328],"knowledge":[330],"result":[333],"further":[335],"improvement":[336],"our":[338],"efforts":[339],"prevent":[341],"treat":[343],"this":[344]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}
