{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2462673987","doi":null,"title":"Cybernetics and the Making of a Global Proletariat","display_name":"Cybernetics and the Making of a Global Proletariat","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2462673987","mag":"2462673987"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:polecom.org:article/63","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/view/63","pdf_url":"https://www.polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/download/63/253","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532644","display_name":"The Political Economy of Communication","issn_l":"2357-1705","issn":["2357-1705"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2357-1705","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/download/63/253","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011075930","display_name":"Nick Dyer\u2010Witheford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-4282","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-4282"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nick Dyer\u2010Witheford","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-4282","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011075930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0933,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89400775,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.9429000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11743","display_name":"Political Economy and Marxism","score":0.9429000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.03970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cybernetics","display_name":"cybernetics","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2011-uprisings","display_name":"2011 uprisings","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"automation","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-supply-chain","display_name":"digital supply chain","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financialization","display_name":"financialization","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fordism","display_name":"Fordism","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precarity","display_name":"precarity","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-migration","display_name":"labor migration","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"social media","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detournement","display_name":"d\u00e9tournement","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-class","display_name":"middle class","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2008-financial-crisis","display_name":"2008 financial crisis","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surveillance","display_name":"surveillance","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-warfare","display_name":"cyber warfare","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-composition","display_name":"class composition","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15553842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132603","display_name":"Proletariat","level":3,"score":0.8514546155929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.48427027463912964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.45492759346961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778071103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15404623","display_name":"Precarity","level":2,"score":0.4398467540740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.42849892377853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.40980011224746704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.3887759745121002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.360281765460968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.3362233638763428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.3294920027256012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.293260395526886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.19041553139686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.16907668113708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:polecom.org:article/63","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/view/63","pdf_url":"https://www.polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/download/63/253","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532644","display_name":"The Political Economy of Communication","issn_l":"2357-1705","issn":["2357-1705"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2357-1705","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:2462673987","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/download/63/253","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532644","display_name":"The Political Economy of Communication","issn_l":"2357-1705","issn":["2357-1705"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Political Economy of Communication","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:polecom.org:article/63","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/view/63","pdf_url":"https://www.polecom.org/index.php/polecom/article/download/63/253","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306532644","display_name":"The Political Economy of Communication","issn_l":"2357-1705","issn":["2357-1705"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2357-1705","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.48510000109672546,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2462673987.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2462673987.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":102,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34782968","https://openalex.org/W146698143","https://openalex.org/W178437142","https://openalex.org/W184299494","https://openalex.org/W234178576","https://openalex.org/W245539805","https://openalex.org/W246992057","https://openalex.org/W291627590","https://openalex.org/W353912148","https://openalex.org/W357259229","https://openalex.org/W566322032","https://openalex.org/W574796717","https://openalex.org/W589431371","https://openalex.org/W598302973","https://openalex.org/W606888222","https://openalex.org/W634481691","https://openalex.org/W635992214","https://openalex.org/W645679455","https://openalex.org/W646696607","https://openalex.org/W649832566","https://openalex.org/W650657187","https://openalex.org/W654643650","https://openalex.org/W654686773","https://openalex.org/W825093074","https://openalex.org/W918885930","https://openalex.org/W1484644740","https://openalex.org/W1508516001","https://openalex.org/W1518069941","https://openalex.org/W1518085595","https://openalex.org/W1524316484","https://openalex.org/W1527571715","https://openalex.org/W1530988055","https://openalex.org/W1531471983","https://openalex.org/W1536335725","https://openalex.org/W1537202098","https://openalex.org/W1537901284","https://openalex.org/W1543826429","https://openalex.org/W1567659848","https://openalex.org/W1570174062","https://openalex.org/W1570240354","https://openalex.org/W1581099518","https://openalex.org/W1599568072","https://openalex.org/W1601307448","https://openalex.org/W1606999530","https://openalex.org/W1631150390","https://openalex.org/W1831734684","https://openalex.org/W1877586684","https://openalex.org/W1898557994","https://openalex.org/W1900822318","https://openalex.org/W1947710603","https://openalex.org/W1949989711","https://openalex.org/W1959339853","https://openalex.org/W1965035995","https://openalex.org/W1968488017","https://openalex.org/W1972757415","https://openalex.org/W1985686611","https://openalex.org/W1985903094","https://openalex.org/W1986138936","https://openalex.org/W1997885649","https://openalex.org/W1998619251","https://openalex.org/W2006873553","https://openalex.org/W2012090504","https://openalex.org/W2016169026","https://openalex.org/W2017810225","https://openalex.org/W2034685857","https://openalex.org/W2040057718","https://openalex.org/W2046805164","https://openalex.org/W2078895581","https://openalex.org/W2082478969","https://openalex.org/W2108321750","https://openalex.org/W2126648205","https://openalex.org/W2126680123","https://openalex.org/W2126775585","https://openalex.org/W2128604415","https://openalex.org/W2136117193","https://openalex.org/W2163682089","https://openalex.org/W2166301042","https://openalex.org/W2259189595","https://openalex.org/W2323214159","https://openalex.org/W2323828001","https://openalex.org/W2341541723","https://openalex.org/W2518489739","https://openalex.org/W2580230008","https://openalex.org/W2595255204","https://openalex.org/W2602881608","https://openalex.org/W2611725150","https://openalex.org/W2618978603","https://openalex.org/W2770951192","https://openalex.org/W2798820036","https://openalex.org/W2801912492","https://openalex.org/W2970234811","https://openalex.org/W2976926448","https://openalex.org/W2980075750","https://openalex.org/W3049711105","https://openalex.org/W3105483594","https://openalex.org/W3132234204","https://openalex.org/W3140893466","https://openalex.org/W4211186237","https://openalex.org/W4232007120","https://openalex.org/W4239619171","https://openalex.org/W4253450625","https://openalex.org/W4392951221"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2618861786","https://openalex.org/W3169105362","https://openalex.org/W6960180256","https://openalex.org/W2793828475","https://openalex.org/W2070995794","https://openalex.org/W1603027998","https://openalex.org/W2030619324","https://openalex.org/W4283779136","https://openalex.org/W7106216425","https://openalex.org/W1900086867"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"analyses":[2],"the":[3,13,16,48,63,66,71,75,81,133,211,217,222,236],"relation":[4],"of":[5,15,65,70,89,94,115,128,136,151,157,164,174,182,200,216,227,235],"cybernetic":[6,138],"technologies":[7,184],"to":[8,113,210,220],"global":[9,72,96],"class":[10],"composition":[11],"in":[12,62,140,241],"light":[14],"2011":[17,146,212],"revolts":[18],"and":[19,27,56,92,102,122,161,177,208,233,249],"their":[20,24],"aftermath.":[21],"Almost":[22],"from":[23],"inception,":[25],"computers":[26],"networks":[28],"were":[29],"weapons":[30],"wielded":[31],"by":[32,111,132,194,244],"advanced":[33],"capital":[34],"not":[35],"only":[36],"against":[37,42],"external":[38],"enemies":[39],"but":[40,108],"also":[41],"its":[43],"industrial":[44],"working":[45],"class.":[46],"From":[47],"1970s":[49],"on,":[50],"computerized":[51],"automation,":[52,246],"digital":[53],"supply":[54],"chains":[55],"electronic":[57],"financialization":[58],"served":[59],"as":[60],"instruments":[61],"decomposition":[64],"Fordist":[67],"mass":[68],"worker":[69],"North-West.":[73],"In":[74],"same":[76],"process,":[77],"however,":[78,186],"they":[79],"constructed":[80],"technical":[82],"basis":[83],"for":[84,197],"a":[85,95,142,148,154,187],"new":[86,149,158,225],"world-scale":[87],"mobilization":[88],"labours,":[90],"wages":[91],"unwaged\u2013that":[93],"proletariat.":[97],"It":[98],"was":[99],"stacked,":[100],"segmented":[101],"segregated":[103],"across":[104],"planetary":[105],"wage":[106],"zones,":[107],"commonly":[109],"characterized":[110,243],"subjection":[112],"extremes":[114],"plutocratic":[116],"power,":[117],"precarity,":[118],"migrancy,":[119],"ecological":[120],"disaster":[121],"networked":[123],"connection.":[124],"The":[125,180],"financial":[126],"crash":[127],"2008-":[129],"paradoxically":[130],"caused":[131],"very":[134],"success":[135],"capital's":[137,183],"offensive":[139],"creating":[141],"low-wage":[143],"high-tech":[144],"economy--in":[145],"generated":[147],"cycle":[150],"struggles":[152],"signaling":[153],"political":[155],"recomposition":[156,229],"proletarian":[159,228],"segments":[160],"re-proletarianized":[162],"members":[163],"intermediate":[165],"'middle":[166],"class'":[167],"strata.\u00c2":[168],"These":[169],"uprisings":[170],"featured":[171],"widespread":[172],"re-appropriations":[173],"social":[175],"media":[176],"mobile":[178],"networks.":[179],"detournement":[181],"is":[185,192],"more":[188],"contradictory":[189],"process":[190],"than":[191],"recognized":[193],"either":[195],"enthusiasts":[196],"or":[198],"detractors":[199],"so-called":[201],"'Facebook":[202],"revolutions';":[203],"it":[204],"brought":[205],"both":[206,231],"strengths":[207],"weaknesses":[209],"uprisings.":[213],"As":[214],"repercussions":[215],"crisis":[218],"continue":[219],"roil":[221],"word":[223],"economy,":[224],"movements":[226],"combining":[230],"rejections":[232],"adoptions":[234],"digital,":[237],"can":[238],"be":[239],"expected":[240],"contexts":[242],"intensifying":[245],"omnipresent":[247],"surveillance":[248],"incipient":[250],"cyber-wars.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}