{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2460102873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.036.0305","title":"Comparison of Methods to Monitor the Distribution and Impacts of Unauthorized Travel Routes in a Border Park","display_name":"Comparison of Methods to Monitor the Distribution and Impacts of Unauthorized Travel Routes in a Border Park","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2460102873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.036.0305","mag":"2460102873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3375/043.036.0305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.036.0305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.036.0305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9877893","display_name":"Natural Areas Journal","issn_l":"0885-8608","issn":["0885-8608","2162-4399"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Areas Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077191306","display_name":"Todd C. Esque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4166-6234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152364","display_name":"Western Ecological Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/051g31x14","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249","https://openalex.org/I4387152364"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.C. Esque","raw_affiliation_strings":["1United States Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Henderson 160 N. Stephanie St"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1United States Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Henderson 160 N. Stephanie St","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I4387152364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020072322","display_name":"Richard D. Inman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-7791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-7791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152364","display_name":"Western Ecological Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/051g31x14","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249","https://openalex.org/I4387152364"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Inman","raw_affiliation_strings":["1United States Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Henderson 160 N. Stephanie St"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1United States Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Henderson 160 N. Stephanie St","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I4387152364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058429147","display_name":"Kenneth E. Nussear","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-8911","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3849-8911"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134113660","display_name":"University of Nevada, Reno","ror":"https://ror.org/01keh0577","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152364","display_name":"Western Ecological Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/051g31x14","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249","https://openalex.org/I4387152364"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.E. Nussear","raw_affiliation_strings":["1United States Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Henderson 160 N. Stephanie St","2University of Nevada, Reno Department of Geography 1664 N. Virginia Street, Mailstop 154 Reno, NV 8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1United States Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center, Henderson 160 N. Stephanie St","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I4387152364"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2University of Nevada, Reno Department of Geography 1664 N. Virginia Street, Mailstop 154 Reno, NV 8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047441905","display_name":"Robert H. Webb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4525-3904","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4525-3904"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767822","display_name":"Arizona Water Science Center","ror":"https://ror.org/051n8xp08","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249","https://openalex.org/I4391767822"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.H. Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["3United States Geological Survey Arizona Water Science Center 520 N. Park Avenue Tucson, AZ 85719","4The University of Arizona 520 N. Park Avenue Tucson, AZ 85719"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"3United States Geological Survey Arizona Water Science Center 520 N. Park Avenue Tucson, AZ 85719","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767822"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"4The University of Arizona 520 N. Park Avenue Tucson, AZ 85719","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084632289","display_name":"Michele M. Girard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304808963","display_name":"National Park Service","ror":"https://ror.org/044zqqy65","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304808963","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.M. Girard","raw_affiliation_strings":["5National Park Service \u2014 Southern Arizona Office 2120 N. Central #120 Phoenix, AZ 85004","6Coronado National Forest 300 W. Congress Tucson, AZ 85701"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5National Park Service \u2014 Southern Arizona Office 2120 N. Central #120 Phoenix, AZ 85004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304808963"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"6Coronado National Forest 300 W. Congress Tucson, AZ 85701","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034976978","display_name":"Jacob DeGayner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304808963","display_name":"National Park Service","ror":"https://ror.org/044zqqy65","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304808963","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. DeGayner","raw_affiliation_strings":["5National Park Service \u2014 Southern Arizona Office 2120 N. Central #120 Phoenix, AZ 85004"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5National Park Service \u2014 Southern Arizona Office 2120 N. Central #120 Phoenix, AZ 85004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304808963"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1007,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88033927,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"3","first_page":"248","last_page":"258"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11793","display_name":"Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management","score":0.8192999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11793","display_name":"Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management","score":0.8192999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13388","display_name":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","score":0.044199999421834946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12644","display_name":"Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation","score":0.04100000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-compaction","display_name":"soil compaction","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-vulnerability","display_name":"soil vulnerability","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-erosion","display_name":"soil erosion","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wildlife-disturbance","display_name":"wildlife disturbance","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling-method-comparison","display_name":"sampling method comparison","score":0.45899999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69661492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1447141","display_name":"Transect","level":2,"score":0.8549287915229797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29376679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741","display_name":"Wildlife","level":2,"score":0.6496762633323669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780993040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46169","display_name":"National park","level":2,"score":0.6341758966445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.602705717086792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.5549611449241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63445122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4884717","display_name":"Belt transect","level":3,"score":0.49609121680259705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4612957239151001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4460570812225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.43773993849754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.42104238271713257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3915199935436249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.3302317261695862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.13787353038787842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3375/043.036.0305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.036.0305","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3375/043.036.0305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S9877893","display_name":"Natural Areas Journal","issn_l":"0885-8608","issn":["0885-8608","2162-4399"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Natural Areas Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:10.3375/043.036.0305","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.3375/043.036.0305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402358","display_name":"BioOne Complete (BioOne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210111627","host_organization_name":"BioOne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111627"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W223204320","https://openalex.org/W269154006","https://openalex.org/W1981272949","https://openalex.org/W2016411099","https://openalex.org/W2022370003","https://openalex.org/W2023225821","https://openalex.org/W2037018868","https://openalex.org/W2079133391","https://openalex.org/W2081422572","https://openalex.org/W2082990111","https://openalex.org/W2104827669","https://openalex.org/W2106992335","https://openalex.org/W2118469336","https://openalex.org/W2160340787"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2021384229","https://openalex.org/W2768449637","https://openalex.org/W2918189467","https://openalex.org/W288532108","https://openalex.org/W2126920984","https://openalex.org/W2779814552","https://openalex.org/W2256015572","https://openalex.org/W2339170784","https://openalex.org/W1517904848","https://openalex.org/W2606384685"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"distribution":[1],"and":[2,11,13,31,35,45,54,63,68,71,83,92,184],"abundance":[3],"of":[4,24,85,96,135,156,192,207,212,231],"human-caused":[5],"disturbances":[6,87],"vary":[7],"greatly":[8],"through":[9],"space":[10],"time":[12],"are":[14],"cause":[15,60],"for":[16,204,226],"concern":[17],"among":[18],"land":[19],"stewards":[20],"in":[21,88,118,120,152,248],"natural":[22,56],"areas":[23],"the":[25,29,39,81,94,136,140,149,157,161,190,210,219,223],"southwestern":[26],"border-lands":[27],"between":[28,127],"USA":[30],"Mexico.":[32],"Human":[33],"migration":[34],"border":[36],"protection":[37],"along":[38],"international":[40],"boundary":[41],"create":[42],"Unauthorized":[43],"Trail":[44],"Road":[46],"(UTR)":[47],"networks":[48],"across":[49],"National":[50,116],"Park":[51],"Service":[52],"lands":[53],"other":[55],"areas.":[57],"UTRs":[58,193],"may":[59,72,200],"soil":[61,182],"erosion":[62],"compaction,":[64],"damage":[65],"to":[66,90,110,138,236],"vegetation":[67],"cultural":[69],"resources,":[70],"stress":[73],"wildlife":[74],"or":[75,250],"impede":[76],"their":[77],"movements.":[78],"We":[79],"quantify":[80],"density":[82,142,163],"severity":[84,206],"UTR":[86,213],"relation":[89],"soils,":[91],"compare":[93],"use":[95],"previously":[97],"established":[98],"targeted":[99,104,129,224],"trail":[100,112,123,145],"assessments":[101,130,225],"(hereafter":[102],"\u2014":[103],"assessments)":[105],"against":[106],"randomly":[107],"placed":[108],"transects":[109,151,221],"detect":[111],"densities":[113],"at":[114],"Coronado":[115],"Memorial":[117],"Arizona":[119],"2011.":[121],"While":[122,209],"distributions":[124],"were":[125,175,216],"similar":[126],"methods,":[128],"estimated":[131,154],"a":[132,177,227],"large":[133],"portion":[134],"park":[137,158],"have":[139],"lowest":[141],"category":[143],"(0\u20135":[144],"encounters":[146,167],"per/km2),":[147],"whereas":[148],"random":[150,220],"2011":[153],"more":[155],"as":[159],"having":[160],"higher":[162],"categories":[164,173],"(e.g.,":[165],"15\u201320":[166],"per":[168],"km2":[169],"category).":[170],"Soil":[171],"vulnerability":[172],"that":[174,197],"assigned,":[176],"priori,":[178],"based":[179],"on":[180,194,243],"published":[181],"texture":[183],"composition":[185],"did":[186],"not":[187],"accurately":[188],"predict":[189],"impact":[191],"soil,":[195],"indicating":[196],"empirical":[198],"methods":[199],"be":[201],"better":[202],"suited":[203],"identifying":[205],"compaction.":[208],"estimates":[211],"encounter":[214],"frequencies":[215],"greater":[217,244],"using":[218,257],"than":[222],"relatively":[228],"short":[229],"period":[230],"time,":[232],"it":[233],"is":[234,241],"difficult":[235],"determine":[237],"whether":[238],"this":[239],"difference":[240],"dependent":[242],"cross-border":[245],"activity,":[246],"differences":[247],"technique,":[249],"from":[251],"confounding":[252],"environmental":[253],"factors.":[254],"Future":[255],"surveys":[256],"standardized":[258],"sampling":[259],"techniques":[260],"would":[261],"increase":[262],"accuracy.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-07-22T00:00:00"}