{"id":"https://openalex.org/W24471218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","title":"Targeting Arab/Muslim/South Asian Americans: Criminalization and Cultural Citizenship","display_name":"Targeting Arab/Muslim/South Asian Americans: Criminalization and Cultural Citizenship","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W24471218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","mag":"24471218"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44448039","display_name":"Amerasia Journal","issn_l":"0044-7471","issn":["0044-7471","2642-0228"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Amerasia Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026077430","display_name":"Louise Cainkar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louise Cainkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Louise Cainkar is a sociologist and ethnographer and Senior Research Fellow at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Great Cities Institute. Currently she is a visiting professor at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, teaching classes on Muslims in the U.S. after 9/11 and Arab American history"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Louise Cainkar is a sociologist and ethnographer and Senior Research Fellow at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Great Cities Institute. Currently she is a visiting professor at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, teaching classes on Muslims in the U.S. after 9/11 and Arab American history","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025121653","display_name":"Sunaina Marr Maira","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunaina Maira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sunaina Maira is an associate professor of Asian American Studies and the author of a forthcoming book on South Asian Muslim youth in the U.S. after 9/11, citizenship, and empire"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sunaina Maira is an associate professor of Asian American Studies and the author of a forthcoming book on South Asian Muslim youth in the U.S. after 9/11, citizenship, and empire","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":33.4576,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99258612,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12323","display_name":"Asian American and Pacific Histories","score":0.9463000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12323","display_name":"Asian American and Pacific Histories","score":0.9463000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11648","display_name":"Diaspora, migration, transnational identity","score":0.01769999973475933,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.016599999740719795,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arab-americans","display_name":"Arab Americans","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-muslims","display_name":"Muslim Americans","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-asian-americans","display_name":"South Asian Americans","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/war-on-terror","display_name":"war on terror","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminalization","display_name":"criminalization","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-citizenship","display_name":"cultural citizenship","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panethnicity","display_name":"panethnicity","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solidarity","display_name":"solidarity","score":0.48899999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-affiliation","display_name":"political affiliation","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-classification","display_name":"racial classification","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asian-american-studies","display_name":"Asian American studies","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empire","display_name":"empire","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alliance-building","display_name":"alliance building","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780652975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761413","display_name":"Criminalization","level":2,"score":0.8050196170806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780641677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815726","display_name":"Solidarity","level":3,"score":0.7598552703857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.7154178023338318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780781376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42138","display_name":"Citizenship","level":3,"score":0.6150476336479187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.5458611845970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.529617428779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5229790210723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4621617794036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.44863763451576233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.41579902172088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4051365852355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3575522005558014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1875634789466858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.15475299954414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.31.3.9914804357124877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44448039","display_name":"Amerasia Journal","issn_l":"0044-7471","issn":["0044-7471","2642-0228"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Amerasia Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epublications.marquette.edu:socs_fac-1009","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://epublications.marquette.edu/socs_fac/10","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401682","display_name":"e-Publications@Marquette (Marquette University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102461120","host_organization_name":"Marquette University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102461120"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92647143","https://openalex.org/W573324914","https://openalex.org/W576721283","https://openalex.org/W1498743172","https://openalex.org/W1526945924","https://openalex.org/W1719388272","https://openalex.org/W1881684617","https://openalex.org/W2070131762","https://openalex.org/W2109753889","https://openalex.org/W2132811380","https://openalex.org/W2162886693","https://openalex.org/W2170093029","https://openalex.org/W2207211209","https://openalex.org/W2263953008","https://openalex.org/W2798502586","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2254155286","https://openalex.org/W104402018","https://openalex.org/W1420670532","https://openalex.org/W7203513188","https://openalex.org/W1653794354","https://openalex.org/W2083648724","https://openalex.org/W2963213584","https://openalex.org/W2899970620","https://openalex.org/W2048356035","https://openalex.org/W2996039120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"essay,":[2],"we":[3],"further":[4],"explore":[5],"the":[6,16,31,48,61,73,87],"responses":[7,24],"of":[8,53,64,75],"Arab":[9],"and":[10,20,27,43,66,89,95,99],"South":[11],"Asian":[12,76],"Muslim":[13],"communities":[14],"to":[15,59,97],"War":[17],"on":[18],"Terror,":[19],"ask":[21],"whether":[22],"these":[23],"reveal":[25],"alliance-building":[26],"pan-ethnic":[28,65,82],"identification.":[29],"Do":[30],"targeted":[32],"groups,":[33],"now":[34],"portrayed":[35],"as":[36],"monolithic,":[37],"find":[38],"solidarity":[39],"with":[40],"each":[41],"other,":[42],"if":[44],"so,":[45],"what":[46],"are":[47],"bases":[49],"for":[50],"their":[51],"sense":[52],"affinity.":[54],"These":[55],"questions":[56],"force":[57],"us":[58],"consider":[60],"deeper":[62],"issues":[63],"political":[67],"affiliation":[68],"that":[69],"highlight":[70],"quandaries":[71],"at":[72],"core":[74],"American":[77],"studies:":[78],"how":[79],"does":[80],"a":[81],"approach":[83],"challenge":[84],"or":[85],"support":[86],"racial":[88],"cultural":[90],"categories":[91],"used":[92],"by":[93],"state":[94],"empire":[96],"subordinate":[98],"divide":[100],"populations?":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}