{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2437805202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","title":"Diffuse optical tomography using multi-directional sources and detectors","display_name":"Diffuse optical tomography using multi-directional sources and detectors","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2437805202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","mag":"2437805202","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27446694","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4948618"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/boe.7.002623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104118869","display_name":"Biomedical Optics Express","issn_l":"2156-7085","issn":["2156-7085"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101572002","display_name":"Takeaki Shimokawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4440-2070","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4440-2070"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Takeaki Shimokawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan; These authors contributed equally to this work","ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan; These authors contributed equally to this work","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069166947","display_name":"Toshihiro Ishii","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24193003","display_name":"Ricoh (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02h4myp42","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24193003"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshihiro Ishii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan; These authors contributed equally to this work","Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan; These authors contributed equally to this work","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24193003"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24193003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102347427","display_name":"Yoichiro Takahashi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24193003","display_name":"Ricoh (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02h4myp42","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24193003"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoichiro Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24193003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Satoru Sugawara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24193003","display_name":"Ricoh (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02h4myp42","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24193003"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satoru Sugawara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ricoh Institute of Future Technology, RICOH Company Ltd., Miyagi 981-1241, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24193003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072018636","display_name":"Masaaki Sato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3267-5371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3267-5371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masa-aki Sato","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035677638","display_name":"Okito Yamashita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6039-3657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6039-3657"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Okito Yamashita","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan; Brain Functional Imaging Technologies Group, CiNet, Osaka 565-0871, Japan","ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan","Brain Functional Imaging Technologies Group, CiNet, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan; Brain Functional Imaging Technologies Group, CiNet, Osaka 565-0871, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain Functional Imaging Technologies Group, CiNet, Osaka 565-0871, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101572002"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"],"apc_list":{"value":1913,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1913},"apc_paid":{"value":1913,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1913},"fwci":0.9248,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73871626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"7","first_page":"2623","last_page":"2623"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffuse-optical-tomography","display_name":"diffuse optical tomography","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-image-reconstruction","display_name":"3D image reconstruction","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-optical-properties","display_name":"tissue optical properties","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/localization-error","display_name":"localization error","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-resolved-imaging","display_name":"depth-resolved imaging","score":0.382999986410141}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145417883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275421","display_name":"Diffuse optical imaging","level":3,"score":0.8445533514022827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.7024857997894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6751554012298584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6475445032119751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23125352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210765","display_name":"Photodetector","level":2,"score":0.5450818538665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.46741983294487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.4355809986591339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3684740662574768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3535585403442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2585793137550354}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/boe.7.002623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104118869","display_name":"Biomedical Optics Express","issn_l":"2156-7085","issn":["2156-7085"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4948618","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4948618","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomed Opt Express","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:27446694","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27446694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical optics express","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/boe.7.002623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/boe.7.002623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104118869","display_name":"Biomedical Optics Express","issn_l":"2156-7085","issn":["2156-7085"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biomedical Optics Express","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3g2z22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991227852","https://openalex.org/W1994458472","https://openalex.org/W2002365765","https://openalex.org/W2024729467","https://openalex.org/W2033106066","https://openalex.org/W2037119127","https://openalex.org/W2049510932","https://openalex.org/W2064009778","https://openalex.org/W2077444848","https://openalex.org/W2080209960","https://openalex.org/W2080600885","https://openalex.org/W2093699922","https://openalex.org/W2095092526","https://openalex.org/W2154244503","https://openalex.org/W2166163757","https://openalex.org/W2168963208","https://openalex.org/W2345655978","https://openalex.org/W2394513223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3004053080","https://openalex.org/W4409626010","https://openalex.org/W4385690552","https://openalex.org/W2002045531","https://openalex.org/W2026567590","https://openalex.org/W2726729484","https://openalex.org/W3133728405","https://openalex.org/W4307756531","https://openalex.org/W2071694612","https://openalex.org/W2227217627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diffuse":[0],"optical":[1],"tomography":[2],"(DOT)":[3],"is":[4],"an":[5],"advanced":[6],"imaging":[7],"method":[8],"used":[9],"to":[10,35,96],"visualize":[11],"the":[12,45,84,108],"internal":[13],"state":[14],"of":[15,66],"biological":[16],"tissues":[17],"as":[18],"3D":[19,40],"images.":[20],"However,":[21],"current":[22],"continuous-wave":[23],"DOT":[24,55,75,88,113],"requires":[25],"high-density":[26,67,116],"probe":[27,68,102],"arrays":[28,103],"for":[29,39],"measurement":[30,56,110],"(less":[31],"than":[32,91],"15-mm":[33,98],"interval)":[34],"gather":[36],"enough":[37],"information":[38],"image":[41],"reconstruction,":[42],"which":[43],"makes":[44],"experiment":[46],"time-consuming.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49,72],"paper,":[50],"we":[51,86],"propose":[52],"a":[53,80,97],"novel":[54],"system":[57],"using":[58],"multi-directional":[59,63,74,109],"light":[60],"sources":[61],"and":[62,79],"photodetectors":[64],"instead":[65],"arrays.":[69],"We":[70],"evaluated":[71],"system's":[73],"through":[76],"computer":[77],"simulation":[78],"phantom":[81],"experiment.":[82],"From":[83],"results,":[85],"achieved":[87],"with":[89,100],"less":[90],"5-mm":[92],"localization":[93],"error":[94],"up":[95],"depth":[99],"low-density":[101],"(30-mm":[104],"interval),":[105],"indicating":[106],"that":[107],"approach":[111],"allows":[112],"without":[114],"requiring":[115],"measurement.":[117]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
