{"id":"https://openalex.org/W242582185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","title":"Collective Hallucinations and Inefficient Markets: The British Railway Mania of the 1840s","display_name":"Collective Hallucinations and Inefficient Markets: The British Railway Mania of the 1840s","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W242582185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","mag":"242582185"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1537338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035952740","display_name":"Andrew M. Odlyzko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Odlyzko","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - School of Mathematics and Digital Technology Center, 127 Vincent Hall, 206 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States","University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - School of Mathematics and Digital Technology Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - School of Mathematics and Digital Technology Center, 127 Vincent Hall, 206 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota - Twin Cities - School of Mathematics and Digital Technology Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035952740"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9473000168800354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12137","display_name":"Economic theories and models","score":0.01720000058412552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.016899999231100082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-inefficiency","display_name":"market inefficiency","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset-bubbles","display_name":"asset price bubbles","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-market-crashes","display_name":"financial crashes","score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charles-darwin","display_name":"Charles Darwin","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/john-stuart-mill","display_name":"John Stuart Mill","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronte-sisters","display_name":"Bront\u00eb sisters","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/railway-investment","display_name":"railway investment","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776809841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185935","display_name":"Mania","level":4,"score":0.8015844821929932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4114754796028137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40958213806152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3523956835269928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.34621572494506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3313654661178589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131755","display_name":"Bipolar disorder","level":3,"score":0.1743004322052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.07940396666526794}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1537338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1537338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1537338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":140,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74935138","https://openalex.org/W148156892","https://openalex.org/W247483564","https://openalex.org/W414465822","https://openalex.org/W562474370","https://openalex.org/W564485761","https://openalex.org/W587536960","https://openalex.org/W593733059","https://openalex.org/W598177432","https://openalex.org/W599864901","https://openalex.org/W599931867","https://openalex.org/W610854386","https://openalex.org/W615668137","https://openalex.org/W619939700","https://openalex.org/W620594452","https://openalex.org/W625954643","https://openalex.org/W635020405","https://openalex.org/W637413907","https://openalex.org/W654315531","https://openalex.org/W655017252","https://openalex.org/W1488063693","https://openalex.org/W1500864630","https://openalex.org/W1511211418","https://openalex.org/W1519280217","https://openalex.org/W1526866094","https://openalex.org/W1527253680","https://openalex.org/W1562267932","https://openalex.org/W1574089532","https://openalex.org/W1581892463","https://openalex.org/W1583806799","https://openalex.org/W1586609855","https://openalex.org/W1588563877","https://openalex.org/W1589340285","https://openalex.org/W1590522868","https://openalex.org/W1601829922","https://openalex.org/W1613445755","https://openalex.org/W1939907922","https://openalex.org/W1965706760","https://openalex.org/W1967372595","https://openalex.org/W1968406192","https://openalex.org/W1976725389","https://openalex.org/W1983148384","https://openalex.org/W1986886517","https://openalex.org/W1988004855","https://openalex.org/W1990000564","https://openalex.org/W1992078940","https://openalex.org/W1994088440","https://openalex.org/W1997426751","https://openalex.org/W2000836282","https://openalex.org/W2017810225","https://openalex.org/W2023204393","https://openalex.org/W2035015743","https://openalex.org/W2036120890","https://openalex.org/W2045774906","https://openalex.org/W2046143954","https://openalex.org/W2056321007","https://openalex.org/W2060904868","https://openalex.org/W2066636486","https://openalex.org/W2078537469","https://openalex.org/W2080452451","https://openalex.org/W2090841440","https://openalex.org/W2090947938","https://openalex.org/W2094775513","https://openalex.org/W2095678191","https://openalex.org/W2099857041","https://openalex.org/W2102216624","https://openalex.org/W2103905988","https://openalex.org/W2104913438","https://openalex.org/W2111281748","https://openalex.org/W2160525737","https://openalex.org/W2231981850","https://openalex.org/W2313714108","https://openalex.org/W2314914171","https://openalex.org/W2315213808","https://openalex.org/W2330723477","https://openalex.org/W2333067633","https://openalex.org/W2340960045","https://openalex.org/W2478749056","https://openalex.org/W2483109062","https://openalex.org/W2506384789","https://openalex.org/W2521842761","https://openalex.org/W2563457600","https://openalex.org/W2581189180","https://openalex.org/W2583639878","https://openalex.org/W2760505752","https://openalex.org/W2796162983","https://openalex.org/W2796803730","https://openalex.org/W2802126035","https://openalex.org/W2802968898","https://openalex.org/W2808807925","https://openalex.org/W2913018187","https://openalex.org/W2971381353","https://openalex.org/W3006292934","https://openalex.org/W3102663523","https://openalex.org/W3121653537","https://openalex.org/W3123675544","https://openalex.org/W3147688661","https://openalex.org/W3161172609","https://openalex.org/W4200429369","https://openalex.org/W4205677994","https://openalex.org/W4205984491","https://openalex.org/W4205986961","https://openalex.org/W4214912439","https://openalex.org/W4230165214","https://openalex.org/W4230677922","https://openalex.org/W4230816884","https://openalex.org/W4230964176","https://openalex.org/W4231000141","https://openalex.org/W4233692247","https://openalex.org/W4234466697","https://openalex.org/W4234876364","https://openalex.org/W4236156395","https://openalex.org/W4236670050","https://openalex.org/W4237181676","https://openalex.org/W4238936242","https://openalex.org/W4239359705","https://openalex.org/W4240306924","https://openalex.org/W4240828741","https://openalex.org/W4241368415","https://openalex.org/W4243192461","https://openalex.org/W4244302215","https://openalex.org/W4245238170","https://openalex.org/W4245887928","https://openalex.org/W4248394426","https://openalex.org/W4248734983","https://openalex.org/W4251474523","https://openalex.org/W4252565238","https://openalex.org/W4253788242","https://openalex.org/W4254044481","https://openalex.org/W4254229851","https://openalex.org/W4254356177","https://openalex.org/W4254458602","https://openalex.org/W4254670306","https://openalex.org/W4256202667","https://openalex.org/W4290458489","https://openalex.org/W4301173243","https://openalex.org/W4301355815","https://openalex.org/W4387276573","https://openalex.org/W6603011067","https://openalex.org/W6737492925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099945609","https://openalex.org/W2113653848","https://openalex.org/W1891036453","https://openalex.org/W3123880529","https://openalex.org/W1525088434","https://openalex.org/W647051155","https://openalex.org/W7165398581","https://openalex.org/W4206460829","https://openalex.org/W2908231540","https://openalex.org/W7047951242"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
