{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2424601059","doi":null,"title":"Laboratory assessment of hepatic injury in the woodchuck (Marmota monax).","display_name":"Laboratory assessment of hepatic injury in the woodchuck (Marmota monax).","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2424601059","mag":"2424601059","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2864472"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2864472","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2864472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Laboratory animal science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111438301","display_name":"William E. Hornbuckle","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W E Hornbuckle","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017047049","display_name":"E S Graham","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E S Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019485418","display_name":"Lois Roth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Roth","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084786761","display_name":"Baldwin Bh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B H Baldwin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001509093","display_name":"Colin Wickenden","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Wickenden","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110042432","display_name":"B. C. Tennant","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B C Tennant","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27181281,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"4","first_page":"376","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.8974999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11465","display_name":"Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection","score":0.8974999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10351","display_name":"Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.061400000005960464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10966","display_name":"Liver physiology and pathology","score":0.01730000041425228,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/woodchuck","display_name":"woodchuck","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marmota-monax","display_name":"Marmota monax","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-injury","display_name":"liver injury","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatotoxicity","display_name":"hepatotoxicity","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-values","display_name":"reference values","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-enzymes","display_name":"serum enzymes","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alanine-aminotransferase","display_name":"alanine aminotransferase","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aspartate-aminotransferase","display_name":"aspartate aminotransferase","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorbitol-dehydrogenase","display_name":"sorbitol dehydrogenase","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamma-glutamyl-transferase","display_name":"gamma-glutamyl transferase","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-phosphatase","display_name":"alkaline phosphatase","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biliary-obstruction","display_name":"biliary obstruction","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholestasis","display_name":"cholestasis","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-tetrachloride-hepatotoxicity","display_name":"carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatocellular-necrosis","display_name":"liver necrosis","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperbilirubinemia","display_name":"hyperbilirubinemia","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypercholesterolemia","display_name":"hypercholesterolemia","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-models","display_name":"animal models","score":0.7609999775886536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777905771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303179","display_name":"Sorbitol dehydrogenase","level":3,"score":0.8238370418548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781278919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285870","display_name":"Gamma-glutamyltransferase","level":3,"score":0.7291312217712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777513400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104219","display_name":"Bilirubin","level":2,"score":0.7160693407058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778593092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075923","display_name":"Cholestasis","level":2,"score":0.6920795440673828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776125364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169219","display_name":"Albumin","level":2,"score":0.6821835041046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160160445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24769688","display_name":"Alkaline phosphatase","level":3,"score":0.6575714945793152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776637226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6658207","display_name":"Liver injury","level":2,"score":0.6376519203186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.615953803062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777359374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225045","display_name":"Carbon tetrachloride","level":2,"score":0.593809187412262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851111","display_name":"Bile duct","level":2,"score":0.5552463531494141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776009029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640780","display_name":"Hypoalbuminemia","level":2,"score":0.5063425302505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781079990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8032510","display_name":"Woodchuck hepatitis virus","level":5,"score":0.4886167645454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4700288474559784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.45611685514450073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778606649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q305481","display_name":"Alanine transaminase","level":2,"score":0.4336169958114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.4181984066963196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503630168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178069","display_name":"Necrosis","level":2,"score":0.41390275955200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.33618780970573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2972410321235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.22608372569084167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2135964035987854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.19834530353546143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780617729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356878","display_name":"Hepadnaviridae","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000410","descriptor_name":"Alanine Transaminase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000469","descriptor_name":"Alkaline Phosphatase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001219","descriptor_name":"Aspartate Aminotransferases","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001798","descriptor_name":"Blood Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002251","descriptor_name":"Carbon Tetrachloride","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002784","descriptor_name":"Cholesterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005723","descriptor_name":"gamma-Glutamyltransferase","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008099","descriptor_name":"Liver","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008107","descriptor_name":"Liver Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008107","descriptor_name":"Liver Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000662","qualifier_name":"veterinary","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008392","descriptor_name":"Marmota","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012376","descriptor_name":"Rodent Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012589","descriptor_name":"Sciuridae","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056486","descriptor_name":"Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2864472","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2864472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Laboratory animal science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2424601059","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2864472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2740499981","https://openalex.org/W2363620247","https://openalex.org/W1965026603","https://openalex.org/W1802557045","https://openalex.org/W2009059339","https://openalex.org/W2047165626","https://openalex.org/W2355939533","https://openalex.org/W2067446032","https://openalex.org/W248929474","https://openalex.org/W2278936085"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Normal":[0],"reference":[1],"values":[2],"for":[3,46,83,173],"total":[4,26],"serum":[5,95,134,167],"protein,":[6],"albumin,":[7],"cholesterol,":[8],"alanine":[9],"aminotransferase":[10,13],"(ALT),":[11],"aspartate":[12],"(AST),":[14],"sorbitol":[15],"dehydrogenase":[16],"(SDH),":[17],"gamma":[18],"glutamyl":[19],"transferase":[20],"(GGT),":[21],"alkaline":[22],"phosphatase":[23],"(AP),":[24],"and":[25,59,78,100,106,132,136,149],"bilirubin":[27],"were":[28,72,90,129],"established":[29],"in":[30,43,80,93,123,170],"48":[31],"clinically":[32],"healthy":[33],"woodchucks.":[34],"To":[35],"validate":[36],"the":[37,44,60,94,150,165,171],"use":[38],"of":[39,48,86,97,115,141,152,158,175],"these":[40],"biochemical":[41,121],"tests":[42,71],"woodchuck":[45,172],"assessment":[47,174],"liver":[49,177],"injury,":[50],"carbon":[51,103],"tetrachloride":[52,104],"was":[53,64,154],"administered":[54],"to":[55,67,75,111],"produce":[56,68],"hepatocellular":[57,117],"necrosis":[58],"common":[61],"bile":[62,126,146],"duct":[63,127,147],"surgically":[65],"occluded":[66],"cholestasis.":[69],"Biochemical":[70],"performed":[73],"prior":[74],"experimental":[76],"treatment":[77],"thereafter":[79],"surviving":[81],"woodchucks":[82,124],"a":[84],"period":[85],"6":[87],"weeks.":[88],"There":[89],"marked":[91],"increases":[92],"activities":[96],"AST,":[98],"ALT,":[99],"SDH":[101],"following":[102,145],"administration":[105],"all":[107],"3":[108],"enzymes":[109],"appeared":[110],"be":[112,164],"useful":[113],"markers":[114],"acute":[116],"injury.":[118,178],"The":[119,139],"predominate":[120],"abnormalities":[122],"with":[125],"obstruction":[128,148],"hyperbilirubinemia,":[130],"hypercholesterolemia":[131],"increased":[133],"AP":[135],"GGT":[137,142,162],"activities.":[138],"increase":[140,153],"occurred":[143],"earlier":[144],"magnitude":[151],"greater":[155],"than":[156],"that":[157,161],"AP,":[159],"suggesting":[160],"would":[163],"preferred":[166],"enzyme":[168],"test":[169],"cholestatic":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}