{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2416373000","doi":null,"title":"A genetic-epidemiologic study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. I. Study design and preliminary observations.","display_name":"A genetic-epidemiologic study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. I. Study design and preliminary observations.","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2416373000","mag":"2416373000","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1081163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:1081163","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1081163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Johns Hopkins medical journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004844888","display_name":"Cohen Bh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B H Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007605878","display_name":"Ball Wc","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W C Ball","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109090774","display_name":"Wilma \u0392. Bias","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W B Bias","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074937009","display_name":"S Brashears","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Brashears","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108464491","display_name":"Gary A. Chase","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G A Chase","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057304934","display_name":"E L Diamond","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E L Diamond","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S H Hsu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S H Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078140544","display_name":"P Kreiss","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Kreiss","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057834260","display_name":"D A Levy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D A Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110319613","display_name":"H. A. Menkes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H A Menkes","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113602044","display_name":"Solbert Permutt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Permutt","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034425434","display_name":"Tockman Ms","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M S Tockman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5344,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84246358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"137","issue":"3","first_page":"95","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency","display_name":"alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cigarette-smoking","display_name":"cigarette smoking","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/familial-aggregation","display_name":"familial aggregation","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-function","display_name":"lung function","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-genetic-factors","display_name":"host genetic factors","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copd-etiology","display_name":"COPD etiology","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/host-environment-interactions","display_name":"host-environment interactions","score":0.5820000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.9358968734741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992779976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Pulmonary disease","level":2,"score":0.7399435639381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.6559027433395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6358396410942078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203083617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5433302","display_name":"Family aggregation","level":3,"score":0.5993740558624268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.5492751598358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5380634069442749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75603125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1877462","display_name":"Pulmonary function testing","level":2,"score":0.5246120691299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780535462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622437","display_name":"Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency","level":2,"score":0.5172577500343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.48859649896621704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50965678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2724302","display_name":"Abnormality","level":2,"score":0.47974979877471924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.46866023540496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019085024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7212330","display_name":"Cigarette smoking","level":2,"score":0.465986430644989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.28989970684051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.237176775932312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1843712329864502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14545297622680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.1203206479549408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.062461912631988525}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000017","descriptor_name":"ABO Blood-Group System","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000483","descriptor_name":"Alleles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000515","descriptor_name":"alpha 1-Antitrypsin","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004812","descriptor_name":"Epidemiologic Methods","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008040","descriptor_name":"Genetic Linkage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:1081163","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1081163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Johns Hopkins medical journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2416373000","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1081163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9907000064849854,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2414930957","https://openalex.org/W3024851511","https://openalex.org/W1982696431","https://openalex.org/W2136923459","https://openalex.org/W2619238353","https://openalex.org/W1921570699","https://openalex.org/W1966016159","https://openalex.org/W1954105745","https://openalex.org/W2156407122","https://openalex.org/W1996040058"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"certain":[1],"environmental":[2,103],"agents":[3],"(e.g.,":[4],"cigarette":[5,136],"smoking)":[6],"are":[7,85,105,115,142],"known":[8],"to":[9,13,21,62,77],"be":[10,63,159],"causally":[11],"related":[12],"chronic":[14],"obstructive":[15],"pulmonary":[16,146,155],"disease":[17],"(COPD),":[18],"differential":[19],"response":[20],"their":[22],"deleterious":[23],"effects":[24],"suggests":[25],"the":[26,36,44,94],"importance":[27],"of":[28,39,66,93,98,123,154],"constitutional":[29],"(host)":[30],"factors.":[31],"The":[32,112],"voluminous":[33],"literature":[34],"on":[35],"familial":[37,83,152],"occurrence":[38],"COPD":[40,78,117],"as":[41,43],"well":[42],"association":[45],"between":[46],"genetically":[47],"determined":[48],"serum":[49],"alpha":[50,67],"1-antitrypsin":[51],"(alpha":[52],"1-at)":[53],"deficiency":[54],"and":[55,96,102,138],"COPD,":[56,99],"however,":[57],"reveals":[58],"many":[59],"aspects":[60],"yet":[61],"clarified.":[64],"Studies":[65],"1-at":[68],"indicate":[69],"that":[70,157],"neither":[71],"its":[72,75],"nature":[73],"nor":[74],"relationship":[76],"is":[79,151],"simple.":[80],"Moreover,":[81],"other":[82,133],"factors":[84,104],"likely":[86],"involved.":[87],"To":[88],"obtain":[89],"a":[90,109,120],"better":[91],"understanding":[92],"etiology":[95],"pathogenesis":[97],"both":[100,135],"genetic":[101],"being":[106],"examined":[107],"in":[108],"multifaceted":[110],"investigation.":[111],"preliminary":[113],"observations":[114],"summarized.":[116],"patients":[118],"have":[119],"higher":[121],"frequency":[122],"Pi":[124,139,163],"variant":[125,140],"phenotypes":[126,141],"than":[127],"those":[128],"without":[129],"lung":[130],"disease.":[131],"Among":[132],"subjects,":[134],"smoking":[137],"associated":[143],"with":[144],"increased":[145],"function":[147],"abnormality.":[148],"Finally,":[149],"there":[150],"aggregation":[153],"impairment":[156],"cannot":[158],"explained":[160],"entirely":[161],"by":[162],"type":[164],"or":[165],"smoking.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
