{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2415610113","doi":null,"title":"Treatment of chronic heart failure: an expert system advisor for general practitioners.","display_name":"Treatment of chronic heart failure: an expert system advisor for general practitioners.","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2415610113","mag":"2415610113","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2281740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2281740","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2281740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta cardiologica","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007721952","display_name":"Stefano Perlini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0320-8574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0320-8574"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Perlini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Universit\u00e0 di Pavia, IRCCS, San Matteo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Universit\u00e0 di Pavia, IRCCS, San Matteo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086153061","display_name":"Massimo Francesco Piepoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1124-234X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1124-234X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Piepoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111924443","display_name":"Giuliano Marti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Marti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Rabino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Rabino","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080931087","display_name":"Paul A. Rota","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8595-4094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8595-4094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Rota","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005431198","display_name":"Francesco Compagnoni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F Compagnoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002884088","display_name":"V. Moroni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V Moroni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D Ponzini","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Ponzini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028035907","display_name":"M. Pugni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25217355","display_name":"University of Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Pugni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pavia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pavia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25217355"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109260891","display_name":"Luciano Bernardi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151645","display_name":"Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione","ror":"https://ror.org/05w1q1c88","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151645","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Bernardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151645"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"5","first_page":"365","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.6312999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.6312999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.12919999659061432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.10610000044107437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-heart-failure","display_name":"chronic heart failure","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-systems","display_name":"expert systems","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support","display_name":"clinical decision support","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-practitioners","display_name":"general practitioners","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-interactions","display_name":"drug interactions","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-contraindications","display_name":"drug contraindications","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-selection","display_name":"treatment selection","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/follow-up-tests","display_name":"follow-up tests","score":0.5690000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9355405569076538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160798450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4230870","display_name":"Concordance","level":2,"score":0.9228563904762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.7385810613632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.632836103439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.6322921514511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5549540519714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.4733983278274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.18520218133926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.11436289548873901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000889","descriptor_name":"Anti-Arrhythmia Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000889","descriptor_name":"Anti-Arrhythmia Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002311","descriptor_name":"Cardiomyopathy, Dilated","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002316","descriptor_name":"Cardiotonic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002316","descriptor_name":"Cardiotonic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003658","descriptor_name":"Decision Making, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004347","descriptor_name":"Drug Interactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004360","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005103","descriptor_name":"Expert Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006333","descriptor_name":"Heart Failure","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2281740","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2281740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta cardiologica","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2415610113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2281740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054196756","https://openalex.org/W2531051281","https://openalex.org/W2900753655","https://openalex.org/W2170681486","https://openalex.org/W7096056396","https://openalex.org/W1826331313","https://openalex.org/W1982787183","https://openalex.org/W2976238463","https://openalex.org/W2121299656","https://openalex.org/W2967321870"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"decision-support":[1],"systems":[2],"in":[3,8,33,42,168,177],"medicine":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"developed":[7],"hospital":[9],"environments,":[10],"but":[11],"only":[12],"few":[13],"are":[14],"designed":[15],"for":[16,31,202],"being":[17],"used":[18],"by":[19,62,127,150],"general":[20],"practitioners.":[21],"The":[22],"present":[23],"work":[24],"aims":[25],"to":[26,100,224,237],"design":[27],"an":[28],"expert":[29,207,220],"system":[30,88,122,221],"practitioners":[32],"chronic":[34],"heart":[35],"failure":[36],"(CHF)":[37],"treatment.":[38],"It":[39,70,93],"provides":[40],"assistance":[41],"defining":[43],"the":[44,63,72,75,79,87,97,102,107,118,121,129,133,140,146,151,156,165,189,203,206,211,216,219,227,230],"therapy":[45,131],"relying":[46],"on":[47,159],"CHF":[48,68,81,125,238],"aetiology,":[49],"gravity,":[50],"physiopathological":[51],"conditions,":[52],"and":[53,105,173,210],"discriminates":[54],"if":[55],"other":[56],"coexistent":[57],"diseases":[58],"and/or":[59],"drugs":[60,148],"taken":[61],"patient":[64],"could":[65],"interact":[66],"with":[67,123,132,192],"management.":[69,239],"warns":[71],"physician":[73],"about":[74,96,106],"possible":[76],"interactions":[77],"of":[78,85,120,135,164,188,218,226,232],"considered":[80],"therapy.":[82,92],"In":[83,137,153,186,214],"case":[84,179],"contraindications,":[86],"suggests":[89],"another":[90],"alternative":[91],"also":[94],"advices":[95,217],"control":[98],"tests":[99],"follow-up":[101],"prescribed":[103,166],"therapy,":[104],"indicated":[108],"hygienic-dietetic":[109],"suggestions.":[110],"To":[111],"assess":[112],"its":[113],"internal":[114],"consistency,":[115],"we":[116],"examined":[117],"behaviour":[119],"20":[124],"patients,":[126],"comparing":[128],"suggested":[130,141],"prescriptions":[134],"cardiologists.":[136,152],"9":[138],"cases":[139,155,191],"therapeutic":[142],"schemes":[143],"contained":[144],"all":[145],"\"n\"":[147],"administered":[149],"5":[154,169],"concordance":[157,183],"was":[158,181],"at":[160,184],"least":[161],"two":[162,174],"thirds":[163],"medications,":[167],"between":[170,205],"one":[171],"half":[172],"thirds,":[175],"while":[176],"1":[178],"there":[180,196],"no":[182],"all.":[185],"none":[187],"10":[190],"partial":[193],"concordance,":[194],"were":[195,222],"major":[197],"discrepancies":[198],"(i.e.":[199],"potentially":[200],"deleterious":[201],"patient)":[204],"system's":[208],"suggestions":[209],"cardiologists'":[212],"prescriptions.":[213],"conclusion,":[215],"similar":[223],"those":[225],"cardiologists,":[228],"suggesting":[229],"feasibility":[231],"such":[233],"a":[234],"computer":[235],"support":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}